Biography. Van Gogh - Interesting Facts Vincent Van Gogh Brief biography and creativity

Vincent Van Gogh. Biography. Life and art

We are unknown - who was Vincent Van Gogh in the past life ... In this life, he was born quite another boy on March 30, 1853 in the village of Groot Zyandnder in the province of North Brabant near the southern border of Holland. With baptism, he was given the name Vincent Villem in honor of his grandfather, and the bunch of Gogh may be coming from the name of the small town of Gogh, which stood from a dense forest next door to the border ...
His father, Theodore Van Gogh was a priest, and, except for Vincent, there were five more children in the family, but only one of them had a great importance for him - the younger brother Theo, whose life confused and tragicly intertwined with the life of Vincent.

The fact that, in the case of Vincent, fate elected a factor of surprise, making an extremely famous and revered author, in the life of a missing and despised, begins to manifest itself, as it seems, already in the events of 1890, deciding for the unfortunate artist, in July who ended with tragically. And this year began with the best omen, with that first, the only and unexpected sale of his painting "Red Vineyards in Arles".
In the January issue of Mercury de France magazine, the first enthusiastic critical article about his work signed by Alber Orieu appeared. In May, he moved from the psychiatric hospital Saint-Remy de Provence to the town of Over-on-Uaz, near Paris. There he met Dr. Gasha (an artist-lover, friend of impressionists), who appreciated him highly. There, he wrote almost eighty tools for two months. In addition, signs of an extraordinary destiny, something intended above, manifest themselves from birth. By a strange coincidence, Vincent was born on March 30, 1853, day a day, smoothly after a year after the dead firstborn of Theodorus Van Gogh and Anna Cornelius Carbentus, who received the same name when baptized was born. The grave of the first Vincent was located next to the church door, through which the second Vincent passed every Sunday his childhood.
It must have been not very pleasant, in addition, in family papers, Van Gologa there is a direct indication that the name of the stillborn predecessor was often mentioned in the presence of Vincent. But if it was influenced by somehow on his "feeling of guilt" or his alleged sense of "illegal usurper", it remains only to build guesses.
Following the tradition, the generation of Van Gogov elected two spheres of activity: the church (theodorus himself was the son of the pastor) and trade of works of art (like the three brothers of the Father). Vincent will go both in the first and second path, but in both cases will fail. However, the other accumulated experience will have a great influence on its further choice.

The first attempt to find his place in life goes back to 1869, when, at the age of sixteen, Vincent goes to work - with the help of uncle, his namescent (his uncle Saint is called) - in the branch of the Paris art firm "Gupil", which opened in the Hague . Here, the future artist is first in contact with painting and painter and enriches the experience he receives at work, cognitive visits to urban museums and abundant reading. Everything is quite successful until 1873.
First of all, it is a year of its transition to the London branch of "Royil", which has adversely affecting his future work. Van Gogh stayed there for two years and survived the painful loneliness, which it sings in his letters to his brother, more and more sad. But the worst comes when Vincent, having changed the apartment who became too expensive to the guesthouse, which contains the widow of Luaye, falls in love with her daughter Ursula (according to other data - Eugene) and turns out to be rejected. This is the first sharp love disappointment, this is the first of those impossible connections that will overshadow his feelings with constancy.
At that time, deep despair in it begins to conceive a mystical understanding of reality, interpretative religious frenza. His impulse is stronger, reassuring interest in working in "Pupil". And the translation in May 1875 will not help in the central office in Paris, supported by Uncle Sett in the hope that such a change will benefit him. First of April 1876, Vincent is finally dismissed from the Paris art firm, which passed by the companions of Busso and Voyladon.

More and more approved in thought of his religious vocation, in the spring of 1877 Van Gogh moved to Amsterdam to Uncle Johannes - the city shipyard director - in order to prepare for the entrance exams on the theological Faculty. For him, with the delight of reading "about the imitation of Christ," to become a servant of the Lord, first of all, to devote himself to concrete ministry to the neighbor, in full compliance with the Gospel postulates. And the great was his joy, when in 1879 he managed to receive the position of a secular preacher in Vame, the mining center in Boringe in the south of Belgium.
Here he teaches miners the law of God and selflessly helps them, voluntarily eligible for a bench existence: lives in shack, sleeps on the floor, eats only bread and water, exposes itself to bodily tortures. However, local authorities do not taste such extremes, and they refuse to him in this position. But Vincent is stubbornly continues his mission of the Christian preacher in the nearby village of whom. Now he does not even have such an intense as a correspondence with Brother Theo, which is interrupted from October 1879 to July 1880.
Then gradually something changes in it, and his attention appeals to painting. This new path is not so unexpected, as it may seem. First, the artwork for Vincent was no less familiar than reading. Working in the Gallery "Gupil" could not help but influence the rejection of his taste, and during their stay in various cities (in the Hague, London, Paris, Amsterdam) he never missed the opportunity to resemble museums.
But first of all, his deep religiosity, his sympathy for rejected, his love for people and to the Lord are embodied through artistic creativity. "It is necessary to understand the defining word contained in the masterpieces of the great masters," he writes Teo in July 1880, "and God will be there."

In 1880, Vincent enters Brussels to the Academy of Arts. However, due to an irreconcilable nature, he quickly throws it and continues artical formation by self-taught, using reproductions and regularly engaged in the pattern. Back in January 1874, in his letter, Vincent listed Theo fifty-six favorite artists, among which the names of Jean Francois Mill, Theodora Rousseau, Jules Breton, Konstan Trueion and Anton Mauwe.
And now, at the very beginning of his artistic career, his sympathy for the realistic French and Dutch school of the nineteenth century did not weaken in any way. In addition, the social art of Mill or Breton, with their millish themes, could not not find a unconditional follower in it. As for the Dutchman Anton Mauwe, there was another reason: Mauwe, along with Johannes Bosboom, brothers Marisami and Josef Israels, was one of the largest representatives of the Hague school, the most significant artistic phenomenon in Holland in the second half of the XIX century, which united the French Realism of Barbizonskaya Schools formed around Rousseau, with the great realistic tradition of the Dutch art of the XVII century. Mauwe was also a distant relative of Mother Vincent.
And it was under the guidance of this recognized master in 1881, on returning to Holland (in Etthe, where parents moved), Van Gogh creates his two first picturesque work: "Still-life with cabbage and wooden shoes" (now in Amsterdam, Vincent Van Museum Gogh) and "Still-life with a beer glass and fruit" (Wuppertal, Museum von der Hyidt).

For Vincent, everything seems to be for the better, and the family seems to be satisfied with his new vocation. But soon the relationship with parents deteriorate sharply, and then completely interrupted. The reason for this again, his rebellious character and reluctance to adapt, as well as a new, inappropriate and again unrequited love for Kuzin Kue, who recently lost her husband and remained alone with the child.

Running in the Hague, in January 1882, Vincent meets Christine Maria Hournfulness on nicknamer Sin, a prostitute older than his age, an alcoholic, with a child, and even pregnant. Being in the designer of his contempt for existing decenings, he lives with her and even wants to marry. Despite financial difficulties, he continues to be faithful to his calling and completes several works. For the most part, the paintings of this very early period are landscapes, mostly sea and urban: the subjects are quite in the tradition of the Hague school.
However, its influence is limited by the choice of plots, since the exquisite texture was not peculiar to Van Gogh, the extent of the details, those ultimately idealized images that distinguished artists of this direction. From the very beginning, Vincent has been true for the image rather truthful than the beautiful, trying to express sincere feeling first, and not just to achieve a good performance.

Son pastor. In 1869-76 he served as a commissioned by a decorative firm in the Hague, Brussels, London and Paris, in 1876 - the teacher in England. Waking up the study of theology, in 1878-79 was a preacher in Borinage (Belgium), where he learned the hard life of mines; The protection of their interests led Van Gogh to the conflict with the church authorities.

In the 1880s. Van Gogh appeals to art: visits Ah in Brussels (1880-81) and in Antwerp (1885-86), uses the advice of A. Mauwe in the Hague. Van Gogh with hobby draws disadvantaged people - mines of Borinja, and later - peasants, artisans, fishermen, whose life he watched in Holland in 1881-85. At the age of 30, Van Gogh begins to engage in painting and creates an extensive series of paintings and etudes, made in dark, dark colors and imbued with hot sympathy to ordinary people ("peasant", 1885, state museum Kreller-Muller, Otterlo; "Cre ", 1885, Foundation V. Van Gogh, Amsterdam). Developing the traditions of critical realism of the 19th century, primarily creativity J. F. Mill, Van Gogh joined them with the emotional and psychological stresses of images, painfully sensitive perception of suffering and depression of people.

In 1886-88, living in Paris, Van Gogh visits a private studio; At the same time, he studies a clear-air painting of impressionists and Japanese engravings, it is attacked by A. Tuluz-Lotrek, P. Gogen. During this period, the dark palette gradually inferior place the sparkling of pure blue, golden-yellow and red tones, everything is freer and more dynamic became a smear ("Bridge through Seine", 1887, Foundation V. Van Gogh, Amsterdam; "Portrait of Dad Tangi", 1887, Roden Museum, Paris).

Moving Van Gogh in 1888 to Arles opens the period of his maturity. It was quite determined by the originality of the picturesque manner of the artist, who expressed his attitude to the world and his emotional state, using contrasting combinations of color and free pastoral smear. Fireless feeling, painful glowing to harmony, beauty and happiness and fear of hostile man forces are embodied in landscapes shining joyful, sunny colors of the south ("harvest. La Cro Valley", "Fishermen's boats in Saint-Marie", 1888, Foundation V. Van Gogh, Amsterdam), then in the sinister images of a terrible world, where a person is depressed with loneliness and helplessness ("Night Cafe", 1888, Private Assembly, New York).

The dynamics of the color and long winding smears fills the spiritualized life and the movement not only the nature and inhabiting her people ("red vineyards in Arle", 1888, the museum will show arts. A. S. Pushkin, Moscow), but also every inanimate subject (" Bedroom Van Gogh in Arle, 1888, Foundation V. Van Gogh, Amsterdam).

In the last years of his life, Van Gogh, in the last years of his life, was complicated by the attacks of mental illness, which led the artist to the tragic conflict with Gaen, who also arrived in Arles; Van Gogh enters the hospital in Arles, then in Saint-Remy (1889-90) and in Over-Sur-UAZ (1890), where hends the life of suicide.

The work of the last two years of life, Van Gogh noted by ecstatic obsession, extremely aggravated expression of color combinations, rhythm and textures, sharp changers - from inflated despair ("from the gates of eternity", 1890, state. Museum Krelerler-Muller, Outerlo) and insane visionary gusts ("Road with cypressions and stars", 1890, ibid.) Before the trembling feeling of enlightenment and peace ("Landscape in Overavel after the rain", 1890).

Creativity Van Gogh reflected a complex, turning point in the history of European culture. It is imbued with hot love for life, to a simple work person. At the same time, it expressed with a huge sincerity of the crisis of bourgeois humanism and the realism of the 19th century, painfully painful searches for spiritual moral values. Hence the special creative obsession Van Gogh, his impression expression and tragic. pathos; They determine the special place V. G. in the art of postmingnessism, one of whose main representatives he became.

Best days

Nowadays, few people do not know about Great Artist Vincent Van Gogh. Biography Van Gogh was destined to be not too long, but saturated with events and complete deprivities, brief attacks and desperate falls. Slightly know that for all his life, Vincent managed to sell for a substantial amount of only one of his picture, and only after his death, contemporaries recognized the enormous influence of the Netherlands post-mixing on the painting of the XX century. Biography Van Gogh briefly can be set forth in the death words of the Great Masters:

Sadness will never end.

Unfortunately, the life of an amazing and distinctive creator was full of pain and disappointment. But who knows, maybe if not all life losses, the world would never see his stunning works that people still admire?

Childhood

Brief biography and creativity Vincent Van Gogh were restored by the efforts of his brother Teo. Vincent had almost no friends, so all that we now know about the great artist, told by a person, immensely his loved.

Vincent Villem Van Gogh was born on March 30, 1853 in the North Brabant in the village of Grotz-Süntert. The first man of Theodore and Anna Cornelia Van Gogh died in infancy - Vincent became the most eldest child in the family. Four years after the appearance of Vincent, his brother Theodorus was born, with whom Vincent was close to the end of his life. In addition, they also had a brother Cornelius and three sisters (Anna, Elizabeth and Villemin).

An interesting fact in the biography of Van Gogh is that he grew up a difficult and stubborn child with extravagant manners. At the same time outside the family, Vincent was serious, soft, thoughtful and calm. He did not like to communicate with other children, but fellow villages considered him a modest and friendly kid.

In 1864, he was sent to the boarding school in Zewnbergen. This segment of the biography of the artist Van Gogh recalled with pain: Departure caused him many suffering. This place originated him for loneliness, so Vincent began studying, but in 1868 he left his studies and returned home. In fact, it is all a formal education that the artist managed to get.

Brief biography and creativity Van Gogh still carefully stored in museums and few testimonies: no one thought that the unqualted child will become a truly great creator - even if his importance was recognized only after his death.

Work and missionary work

A year after returning home, Vincent goes to work in the Hague branch of his uncle's art and trading company. In 1873, Vincent is transferred to London. Over time, Vinset learned to appreciate painting and understand her. Later, he moves to Hacford Road, 87, where she removes the room from Ursula Loyer and her daughter Eugene. Some biographers add that Van Gogh was in love with Eugene, although the facts say that he loved the German Karlin Khanebik.

In 1874, Vincent already worked in the Paris branch, but soon he returned to London. He is doing everything worse: in a year he again translates to Paris, visits artistic museums and exhibitions, and finally, the courage to try himself in painting. Vincent crashes to work, tanning with a new business. All this leads to the fact that in 1876 he is fired from the company for bad work.

Then in the biography of Vincent Van Gogh takes the moment when he returns to London again and teaches in the boarding school in Ramsgate. In the same life period, Vincent devoted a lot of time a religion, he appears a desire to become a pastor, going at the footsteps of the Father. A little later Van Gogh goes to another school in Aizlworth, where he began to work as a teacher and assistant pastor. There, Vincent read his first sermon. Interest in Scripture grew, he inspired the thought to preach the poor.

For Christmas, Vincent went home, where he was contacted not to go back to England. So he stayed in the Netherlands to help in the bookstore in Dordrecht. But this work did not inspire him: mainly he ranked himself with sketches and translations of the Bible.

Parents supported Van Gogh's desire to become a priest, sending him to Amsterdam in 1877. There he settles his uncle Jan Van Gogh. Vincent stubbornly studied under the supervision of Stricks Yogales - the famous theologist, preparing for exams for admission to the department of theology. But very soon he throws classes and leaves Amsterdam.

The desire to find your place in the world led it to the Protestant Missionary School of Pastor Pastor Side in Lacken near Brussels, where he passed the preaching course. There is also an opinion that Vincent has not graduated from a full course because it was proactious because of an unclear species, hot-tempered gear and attacks of anger.

In 1878, Vincent was a missionary in the village of Pature in Boringe for six months. Here he visited the patients, reading Scripture for those who did not know how to read, taught children, and at night engaged in drawing Palestine cards, earning for food. Van Gogh planned to enroll in the Gospel school, but he counted his learning to discriminate and refused this idea. Soon he was removed from Sana Protection - it became a painful blow for the future artist, but also an important fact of the biography of Van Gogh. Who knows, perhaps, if it were not that a loud event, Vincent would become a priest, and the world would never recognize the talented artist.

Formation as an artist

Studying a brief biography of Vincent Van Gogh, it can be concluded: fate asked him all his life in the right direction and led to painting. It seems to rescue from despondency, Vincent turns back to painting. He addresses support for Brother Theo and in 1880 it goes to Brussels, where she visits lessons at the Royal Academy of Fine Arts. A year later, Vincent is forced to leave his studies again and return to the family. It was then that he decided that the artist does not need any talent, the main thing is to work diligently without giving hands. Therefore, he continues to occupy painting and drawing on its own.

During this period, Vincent is experiencing a new love, this time facing his cousin, the widow of the Best-Stricker, which stayed in the Van Gogov house. But she did not reciprocate, but Vincent continued to care for her, which caused the indignation of his relatives. As a result, he was ordered to leave. Van Gogh is experiencing another shock and refuses to attempt to establish further personal life.

Vincent leaves in Hague, where he takes lessons from Anton Mauwe. Over time, the biography and creativity of Vincent Van Gogh was filled with new colors, including in painting: he experimented with the mixing of various techniques. Then, such works as "backyards" appeared on the light, which he created with the help of chalk, pen and brush, as well as the painting "roof. View from Van Gogh workshop, written in watercolor and chalk. A great influence on the formation of his work was influenced by the book of Charles Barga "Course of Figure", lithography from which he diligently copied.

Vincent was a man of a thin soulful organization, and, one way or another, stretched to people and an emotional return. Despite its decision to forget about personal life, in the Hague, he still made an attempt to create a family. He met Christine right on the street and penetrating her difficult position so that he suggested to settle in his house with children. This act finally broke the relationship of Vincent with all his close, but with the theo they have a warm relationship. So Vincent has a girlfriend and model. But Christine had a nightmare: life Van Gogh turned around the nightmare.

When they broke up, the artist went to the north, to the province of Drenthe. He equipped the dwelling under the workshop, and spent all days in the air, creating landscapes. But the artist himself did not call the landscape, devoting his paintings to the peasants and their everyday life.

Early work Van Gogh belongs to realism, but its technique does not fully fit into this direction. One of the problems with which Van Gogh collided in his work is inability to correctly depict a person's figure. But it only played a great artist on the hand: it became a characteristic feature of his manner: a person's interpretation as an integral part of the world around. This is clearly traced, for example, in the work "peasant and peasant, planting potatoes." Human figures are similar to the mountains away, and the oversized horizon seems to appear on them from above, without giving straightened back. Similar techniques can be seen in its later work "Red Vineyards".

In this segment of his biography, Van Gogh writes a cycle of works, including:

• "Exit from the Protestant Church in Nyuenne";
• "Potato erects";
• "Peasant woman";
• "The Old Church Tower in Nyuenne."

Pictures are designed in dark shades that symbolize painful perception by the author of human suffering and the feeling of universal depression. Van Gogh depicted a heavy atmosphere of the hopelessness of peasants and the sad mood of the village. At the same time, Vincent has formed his own understanding of landscapes: in his opinion, through the landscape there is a mental state of a person through the connection of human psychology and nature.

Paris period

The artistic life of the French capital is flourishing: Great artists of the time flocked there. An iconic event was the exhibition of impressionists on Lafit Street: For the first time, the works of Xinyak and sulfur showed the beginning of the movement of postpressionism. It is impressionism that made a revolution in art, replacing an approach to painting. This course presented a confrontation of Academism and outdated plots: the head of creativity gets clean colors and the impression of what they saw, which is transferred further to the canvas. Postpressionism became the final stage of impressionism.

The Paris period lasting since 1986 to 1988, became the most fruitful in the life of the artist, his collection of paintings was replenished with more than 230 drawings and cloths. Vincent Van Gogh forms his own view of art: the realistic approach goes into the past, replacing the desire for postmingness.

With an acquaintance with the Camille Pissarro, Pierre-Auguste Renoir and Claude Monet Color in his paintings begin to be brightened and becomes brighter and brighter, becoming in the end, the real violence of paints characteristic of its latest works.

An iconic place has become a shop daddy tangi, where art materials were sold. Here, many artists met and exhibited their work. But Van Gogh's temper was still irreconcilable: the spirit of rivalry and the tension in society often dismissed an impulsive artist from himself, so soon Vincent quarrels with friends and makes the decision to leave the French capital.

Among the famous works of the Paris period the following paintings:

• "Agrostina of the segovernmental in the cafe" Tamburin "";
• "Dad Tanga";
• "Still life with absinthe";
• "Bridge over Seine";
• "A view of Paris from the TEO apartment on Lepik Street."

Provence

Vincent is sent to Provence and penetrated with this atmosphere until the end of life. Theo supports the decision of the brother to become real artists and sent him money for life, and he in gratitude sends him his paintings in the hope that the brother would be able to sell them profitable. Van Gogh settles in the hotel where he lives and creates, periodically inviting you to pose a random visitors or acquaintances.

With the onset of Spring, Vincent is chosen outside and draws flowering trees and a coming nature. Impression Impressionism gradually leave his work, but remain in the form of a bright palette and clean paints. During this period, Vincent writes "Peach Tree in Color", "Bridge Anglo in Arles."

Van Gogh worked even at night, once sneaking over the thought to capture special night shades and glow of stars. It works at the light of candles: so the famous "Star Night over Ron" and "Night Cafe" were created.

Chuckled ear

Vincent lights up the idea of \u200b\u200bcreating a shared house for an artist, where the creators could create their masterpieces, living and working together. An important event becomes the arrival of the Gaugaen field, with which Vincent led a continuous correspondence. Together with Gajn Vincent writes a job filled with passion:

• "Yellow House";
• "Harvest. La Cro valley ";
• "Hogeny Chair."

Vincent was beside himself from happiness, but this union ends with a loud quarrel. Passions were all tamed, and in one of his desperate clouds, Van Gogh, according to some testimonies, attacks his friend with a razor in his hands. Gauguen manages to stop Vincent, and in the end he slices his ear lobe. Gogen leaves his house, while he wrapped the bloody flesh into the napkin and handed it with a familiar prostitute named Rashel. In a puddle of his own blood, he found a friend of handle. Although the wound soon delayed, a deep mark on the heart shaved the mental health of Vincent for life. Soon, Vincent is in a psychiatric hospital.

Flowering creativity

In the periods of remission, he asked back to the workshop, but the inhabitants of Arlya signed a statement statement with a request to isolate a mental artist from civilians. But in the hospital he was not forbidden to create: until 1889, Vincent worked on new pictures right there. During this time, he created more than 100 drawings with a pencil and watercolor. The canvas of this period are distinguished by tension, bright dynamics and contrasting colors:

• "Landscape with Olivakh";
• "Wheat field with cypresses."

At the end of the same year, Vincent was invited to participate in the "Group of Twenty" exhibition in Brussels. His work caused a rude interest among connoisseurs of painting, but this could no longer please the artist, and even a laudatory article about the "red vineyards in Arle" did not attend the exhausted Van Gogh.

In 1890, he moved to Opero-sur-URZ, which was under Paris, where for the first time in a long time he was looking at his family. He continued to write, but his style was becoming more gloomy and oppressive. A distinctive feature of that period was the twisted and durable contour, which can be traced in the following works:

• "Street and staircase in Overa";
• "Rural road with cypresses";
• "Landscape in the overall after the rain."

Last years

The last light memory in the life of the Great Artist became acquaintance with Dr. Field of Gasha, who also loved writing. Friendship with him supported Vincent in the most difficult periods of his life - besides brother, the postman of the handle and Dr. Hashe by the end of his life he did not have close friends.

In 1890, Vincent writes the canvas "Wheat field with crowns", and in a week there is a tragedy.

The circumstances of the death of the artist looks mysterious. Vincent died from a shot in a heart from his own revolver, which he wore with him to scare birds. Dying, the artist confessed that he himself fired himself in his chest, but missed, hitting a little lower. He himself reached the hotel, where he lived, a doctor called him. The doctor doubtfully treated the version with a suicide attempt - the angle of entry of the bullet was suspiciously low, and the bullet did not pass the wave, which indicates that they shot like from afar - or at least from a distance of a pair of meters. The doctor immediately called the Teo - he arrived the next day and was next to his brother before his death.

There is a version that the day before the death of Van Gogh artist seriously quarreled with Dr. Gasha. He accused him of insolvency, while his brother Theo literally dies from his illness, but still sending money to him for life. These words could strongly hurt Vincent - after all, he himself felt a huge guilt before his brother. In recent years, Vincent has experienced feelings for a lady that have not led to reciprocity again. Being the most depressed, upset quarrel with a friend, recently coming out of the hospital, Vincent could well decide on suicide.

Vincent died on July 30, 1890. Theo loved her brother infinitely and experienced this loss with great difficulty. He was engaged in the organization of the exhibition of the posthumous work of Vincent, but did not pass the year, as he died of a heavy nervous turmoil on January 25, 1891. After the years, the Widow Theo reburied his remains next to Vincent: she considered that inseparable brothers should be close to each other at least after death.

Confession

The erroneous opinion is common that during the lifetime Van Gogh was able to sell only one of his picture - "Red Vineyards in Arle." This work was only the first sold for a large amount - about 400 francs. Nevertheless, there are documents indicating the sale of another 14 paintings.

Really wide recognition Vincent Van Gogh received only after death. His memorable exhibitions were organized in Paris, Hague, Antwerp, Brussels. Interest in the artist began to grow, and at the beginning of the 20th century, retrospectives began in Amsterdam, Paris, New York, Cologne and Berlin. Its works were interested, and his work began to influence the young generation of artists.

Gradually, the prices for painting paintings began to increase, until they were among the most expensive canvases, ever sold in the world, along with the works of Pablo Picasso. Among the most expensive works:

• "Potcherrt of Dr. Gasha";
• "Irises";
• "Portrait of the Joseph Polel postman";
• "Wheat field with cypresses";
• "Plowed field and plower."

Influence

In the last letter to Theo Vincent wrote that, without having his own children, the artist perceived the paintings as its continuation. To some extent it was true: he really had children, and the first one of them is expressionism, which in the future began to have many heirs.

Many artists later adapted Van Gogh's style features under their creativity: Hower Hodgkin, Villem de Kening, Jackson Pollock. Soon, featherism came, which expanded the scope of color, received the spread of expressionism.

Biography Van Gogh and his work presented the expressionists a new language that helped the creators deeper into the essence of things and the surrounding world. Vincent became in some sense, the pioneer in the art of modern, protrotaving the new path in visual art.

Briefly, Van Gogh's biography, it is almost impossible to tell: on his work for him, unfortunately, a short life has influenced as many diverse events that it would be a nightly injections to at least one of them. A heavy life path led Vincent to the top of glory, but the glory of the posthumous. During his lifetime, the great painter did not know about his own genius, nor about the huge heritage he left the world of art, or on how his relatives and friends wandered. Vincent spent a lonely and sad life, rejected by everyone. He found salvation in art, but could not be saved. But, anyway, he gave the world a lot of stunning work, which the hearts warm to people still, so many years later.

Vincent Van Gogh was an artist - postpressionist of exceptional talent. Having perceived the effect of impressionists of that period, he, however, developed his own, spontaneous style. He became one of the most famous artists of the twentieth century and played a key role in the development of contemporary art. Vincent was born in the gross sysndete, a small Dutch village, March 30, 1853. His father was Protestant Pastor. Vincent has shown interest in drawing back in childhood: his early work is distinguished by realism and expressiveness. The artist's youth became a search period. For a short time, he worked as an art dealer, then the teacher at the boarding school, and then, deeply interested in Christianity, became a preacher in the mining city in the south of Belgium. He preached in poor districts of Brabant, competing the poverty of local residents and the severity of their housing conditions. He began to sleep on a straw in a dilapidated hut, and his face was smoking from coal dust. The church authorities remained unhappy with such an outrageousness, and Van Gogh was released from his position. In 1880, when he was already 27 years old, Van Gogh turned his interest in art. He began to engage in painting seriously, and, during his stay in Paris in 1886, was deeply impressed with the work of artists-Impressionists. In this important period in his life, Van Gogh met many artists, including Degas, Toulouse-Lotrek, Pissarro and Gauguin. His style has changed significantly under the influence of the work of impressionists, becoming lighter and brighter. At this time, the artist wrote a large number of self-portraits. Using the material help of his brother Theo, in 1888 he went to live in a picturesque Provence, an area in southern France. There he created his famous series "Sunflowers".
After some time, Van Gogh invited Hogen's friend, but soon the artists began to quarrel. According to one of the versions, one day Van Gogh began to threaten his guest with a razor, after which he had hastily left. Deeply repenting in the deed, Van Gogh cut off part of his own ear. This episode was the first serious symptom of improving the artist's mental impassivity. Subsequently, he was repeatedly treated in psychiatric hospitals. In his life alternated periods of inertia, depression and amazingly concentrated creative activities. The last two years of life Van Gogh became the most fruitful in terms of painting. The artist felt an insurmountable need to draw. "Work is an absolute necessity for me. I can't postpone, I care for anything, except for work, "Van Gogh spoke about himself. He developed a style that was fast and rapid, not leaving the artist of time for contemplation and reflection. He painted the quick movements of the brush, all over abstract figures appeared on his canvases - forerunners of contemporary art.
July 27, 1890, being under the influence of another depression, Van Gogh shot himself into the chest. However, the witnesses of this incident, like a gun, was not found, therefore, the version of the murder is not eliminated. Anyway, after two days, the artist died.

Vincent Van Gogi's biography is a vivid example of how a talented person was not recognized during life. It was appreciated only after death. This talented artist Postimipressionist was born on March 30, 1853 in the Netherlands in a small village, which was not far from the border with Belgium. In addition to Vincent, his parents had six children, from which you can highlight the younger brother Teo. He had a great influence on the fate of the famous artist.

Childhood and young years

In childhood, Van Gogh was a difficult and "tedious" child. So he was described by relatives. With outsiders, he was a quiet, thoughtful, friendly and friendly. At seven years, the boy was given to the local village school, where he studied just a year, then he was transferred to home learning. After some time, he was sent to the boarding school, where he felt unhappy. It greatly affected him. Then the future artist was transferred to the college, where he studied foreign languages \u200b\u200band drawing.

Attempt at writing. Home Career Artist

At 16, Vincent was arranged in a branch of one large company, which was engaged in selling paintings. He owned this firm his uncle. The future artist worked very well, so it was transferred to. There he learned to deal with painting and appreciate it. Vincent visited exhibitions and art galleries. Because of unfortunate love, he began to work poorly and translated from one office to another. At about the age of 22, Vincent began to try himself in painting. It was inspired by his exhibitions in Louvre and Salon (Paris). Because of his new hobby, the artist began to work very badly and fired him. Then he worked as a teacher and assistant pastor. The choice of the last profession was influenced by his father, who also chose the ministry to God.

Mastery gain and fame

In 27 years, the artist with the support of his brother Teo moved to where he entered the Academy of Arts. But, a year later, he decided to quit learning, as he believed that it would be helpful to become an artist, and not studies. He drew his first famous paintings in the Hague. There, he first mixed in one job several techniques immediately:

• watercolor;
• pen;
• sepia.

Bright examples of such paintings are "backyards" and "roofs. View from Van Gogh workshop. Then he had another unsuccessful attempt to create a family. Because of this, Vincent leaves the city and settles in a separate hut, which draws landscapes and working peasants. In that period, he painted such famous paintings as the "peasant" and "peasant and a peasant, planting potatoes."

Interestingly, Van Gogh could not properly and smoothly draw human figures, so in his paintings they have several straight and angular lines. After a while he moved to Theo. There he again took up the study of painting in one local famous studio. Then he began to acquire fame and participate in the exhibitions of Impressionists.

Death Van Gogh

The great artist died on July 29, 1890 from the loss of blood. During the day before that day, he was injured. Vincent shot himself in the chest revolver, who took with him to scare away birds. There are, however, and another version of his death. Some historians believe that adolescents came across it, with whom he sometimes drank in bars.

Pictures Van Gogh

The list of most famous works Van Gogh includes the following pictures: "Star Night"; "Sunflowers"; "Irises"; "Wheat field with crowns"; "Portrait of Dr. Gasha".

• In the biography of Van Gogh there are several facts that historians still argue. So, for example, it is believed that during his life, we bought only one picture of "Red Vineyards in Arle". But despite this, it can be completely indisputable that Van Gogh left behind the great heritage and made an invaluable contribution to art. In the 19th century, it was not appreciated, and in the 20th and 21st centuries, Vincent's painting is sold for millions of dollars.