Which fabric is better, natural, artificial or synthetic? With the development of modern industry, answering this question is becoming increasingly difficult. Fabrics made from fibers of natural origin seem better, because they do not cause allergies, are highly breathable, are environmentally friendly and are generally well accepted by the human body, but there are only four types of them (linen, cotton, wool and silk) and they also have their drawbacks. There are more and more synthetic materials every year, and manufacturers are trying to endow them with properties that are not inferior in quality to natural ones. Let's try to compare the properties of different fabrics.
Natural
Artificial
Fabrics obtained from natural substances (proteins, metals, glass, cellulose). In 1890, the first production of artificial fibers from cellulose was founded in France. At first, fiber was used as an additive to natural ingredients, but by 1970 its quality not only improved, but also began to impart additional properties to products (heat resistance, strength, elasticity), which contributed to its popularization.
Synthetic
Fabrics formed from fibers obtained from high molecular weight compounds. Such chemical compositions do not occur in nature. In the field of production of material from synthetic fibers, new technologies are constantly being developed aimed at improving and expanding the range of their properties.
- Polyvinyl (cashmilon, dralon)
Synthetic fabrics are very similar in properties to wool, but have a number of advantages: they do not wrinkle, hold their shape and are wear-resistant.
- Polyamide (nylon, anide, nylon)
The fabrics hold their shape perfectly, resist stretching and do not wear out for a long time. They are very elastic, easy to care for and dry quickly.
Disadvantages: they do not hold heat well, do not absorb moisture and have low light fastness.
- Polyesters (gabardine, pikachu, polyester)
Fabrics obtained from oil refining. They have good breathability, do not require special care, and are very pleasant to the touch. Their properties are in many ways similar to cotton fabrics.
- Polyester (lavsan, dacron, tergal)
Fabric made from polyester fibers. It has high wear resistance, does not wrinkle, tolerates moisture and heat treatment well, and has good light fastness.
The main disadvantage of the fabric is that it is highly electrified.
The choice of fabrics in modern salons and stores is huge, but, unfortunately, at the moment no one can answer which fabric is better. In each specific case, you will have to choose based on what exactly needs to be sewn and what properties the product should have. When choosing fabric for curtains, pay attention to drapability (the ability to form folds), light transmission, texture and color.
If you don’t have a burning desire to delve into the intricacies of sewing craftsmanship, you can always contact the OKey Design salon and use the services of a professional designer. Our staff will be happy to help you.
Really natural may well be, for example, natural apricot oil or natural essential oil. You can probably cite only one ointment cream as natural - Medea-Biopin (manufacturer in St. Petersburg), which really consists of natural ingredients: olive oil, lard and pine extract. But using such a cream is not very pleasant - it is too greasy, heavy, and does not spread well. Of course, sales of the cream were small, and the manufacturer decided to discontinue it.
Make a good emulsion cream, which has a pleasant consistency, is easy to apply and absorbs well, using only natural ingredients is almost impossible. You can’t do without synthetic emulsifiers and preservatives. Attempts by newcomers to the cosmetics market to limit themselves to a “natural” preservative—sodium benzoate (found in lingonberries, cranberries, etc.)—inevitably ended in wild mold blooms or fermentation of the product. There are attempts to use natural essential oils and ethyl alcohol as a preservative. However, you can’t put a lot of alcohol into a product, and it has a very unsightly reputation in cosmetics. Essential oils, in addition to being expensive, dramatically increase the allergic component of any product.
Due to a number of features of life in Japan(some call the high level of technology) its residents are more susceptible to allergies than anyone else in the world. Along with this, Japanese cosmetics are the most synthetic in the world: well, on the Japanese islands there are no vast fields of grass and flocks of sheep from whose wool lanolin is washed out! In addition, the policy of this state, which encourages all kinds of rationalization and invention activities, has led to the fact that synthetic chemistry is quite well developed. However, from the point of view of allergenic effects, Japanese cosmetics rank last. Supporters of everything natural believe that natural things cannot be harmful. But let's remember that petroleum products are also natural raw materials, and drugs are extracted from plants; a large group of mushrooms and plants are simply poisonous and are prohibited for use in cosmetics. Currently, synthetic compounds have been synthesized that have an odor, for example, violets, and do not at all belong to the group of allergens.
Products, to a certain extent “enriched” with natural ingredients, are called in Europe the word “organic product” or “organic product”, which is not very euphonious to the Russian ear.
These products are sold in expensive stores or special departments. From what can be purchased in our country that belongs to this category, we can name, for example, Weleda creams and oral hygiene products (manufactured by weledaag, Germany). The creams are indeed made as much as possible from natural ingredients, although in terms of emulsion stability they leave much to be desired. The emulsion not only does not maintain the stated shelf life, it separates 3-5 months after production. Due to the high cost, these products, unfortunately, are leaving our market.
Viscose is perhaps the most mysterious of all materials: some consider viscose to be synthetic, others - a natural fabric.
And there are even more incomprehensible definitions: “the most natural material of all artificial” or “the most artificial of all natural.”
For some, a label with the inscription “100% viscose” (or even worse, “100% rayon”) is a reason to hang the item away, for others, on the contrary, “wow, I’ll take it!” I have always belonged to the latter; I love viscose and feel great in it. I decided to reveal the secret of this material both for myself and for you.
Viscose fiber is neither synthetic nor a natural material. This is an artificially created fiber from natural raw materials - wood cellulose. Yes, from the same cellulose from which cellophane, paper and many other things are made.
What distinguishes viscose from synthetic fabrics is that synthetic fibers are formed from polymers that do not exist in nature, but are obtained by synthesis from natural low-molecular compounds.
Products from the processing of gas, oil and coal (benzene, phenol, ethylene, acetylene...) are used as feedstock for the production of synthetic fibers.
Viscose fibers differ from fibers of natural origin precisely in that the fiber itself is created artificially, i.e. It does not exist in nature, unlike cotton, wool, flax and silk.
2. James Perse, 100% viscose.
If we describe the process of creating viscose fiber in the words of a person far from chemistry, then this process looks something like this: first, cellulose is obtained from wood chips, then viscose is obtained from cellulose (viscose, by the way, is not fabric or thread, but a very viscous solution - from Late Lat. viscosus - viscous, sticky).
Afterwards, this solution is passed through a kind of attachment for a meat grinder (die) into an acid bath, where threads are formed, which then undergo the necessary processing.
In terms of its consumer characteristics, viscose is close to natural fabrics, and in some respects (hygroscopicity, intensity and color fastness) it even surpasses cotton.
Viscose fabric provides good air exchange, it is not hot in it, and it does not accumulate static electricity.
3. FreePeople, 100% viscose.
Among the disadvantages of viscose are its high wrinkleability, lower strength (compared to cotton), especially when wet, lower wear resistance, and the ability to deform during washing and drying.
Therefore, products made from viscose require more careful handling than those made from cotton. As a rule, care requirements include washing in cold water by hand or on a delicate cycle without vigorous spinning and ironing at low temperature.
Viscose is often called rayon, because visually and tactilely viscose fabric resembles silk: it is just as light, translucent, shiny and drapes beautifully.
5. Vivienne Westwood Anglomania, 100% viscose.
However, manufacturers are prohibited from using the term “artificial silk,” so do not be afraid of being misled by unscrupulous sellers.
Those who are particularly distrustful can distinguish silk from viscose experimentally, namely, by setting a few threads on fire: viscose will burn, leaving behind a handful of ash and the smell of burnt paper, and natural silk will decay, releasing the smell of burnt horn or wool; its caked lump can easily be rubbed with your fingers, like a coal.
6. Maison Martin Margiela, 95% viscose, 5% elastane.
Another word that can confuse an inexperienced buyer is "rayon". In fact, behind this “very synthetic” word lies the same viscose, only most likely of American or French origin.
7. FreePeople, 100% rayon.
8. Ann Demeulemeester Blanche, 100% rayon.
Also, you should not be scared by such inscriptions on labels as:
Lyocell (Tencel, other names are possible depending on the manufacturer). Lyocell is considered a form of viscose, differing in production features, qualities and price.
The technological process for producing lyocell is environmentally safer. In terms of characteristics, lyocell is better than ordinary viscose: its strength and elasticity in both dry and wet states is higher, and shrinkage during washing is less. One of the disadvantages is its high cost.
9. Cats by Tsumori Chisato, 100% Lyocell.
Modal is a type of viscose fabric usually made from beech wood. Often used in the production of bed linen and towels.
Cupro is also considered a type of viscose, but made using a copper-ammonia solution. A very beautiful thin fabric, similar in appearance and feel to silk. The characteristics are close to cotton.
10. Twenty8Twelve, 100% cupro.
Acetate differs from viscose in that it is produced not from pure cellulose, but from cellulose acetate. Unfortunately, I can’t clearly decipher the difference between cellulose and cellulose acetate, but I know for sure that this is a comfortable and beautiful fabric, similar to silk.
11. LANVIN, 53% acetate, 47% viscose.
12. LANVIN, 81% acetate, 19% silk.
I asked specialists who deal directly with various fabrics how they feel about viscose.
Fashion designer Maria Dubinina (brand Maria Dubinina) said:
“Despite all its hygienic properties, similar to natural fibers (easily absorbs moisture, wrinkles), viscose is an artificial fiber obtained as a result of numerous cellulose processing. But this is absolutely nothing to be afraid of. After all, it’s enough to compare your feelings in a dress made of viscose (artificial fabric) and in a dress made of polyester (synthetic material). In both cases, the fabrics are not natural.
But we feel better in viscose! The reason is that viscose is based on raw materials of natural origin (wood).
From my own work experience, I can say that I meet people with allergies to wool, but I have never met people with allergies to viscose. I love viscose for its hygienic properties, softness and plasticity. For the huge variety of prints on this fabric. For everyday wear, I consider viscose a good alternative to silk (which shrinks infinitely).”
“I started working with viscose not so long ago. Perhaps due to some mistrust of this material that many people experience. But now I’m very happy! The lightness of this fabric and the ability to find simply incredible colors are captivating. Of course, it requires good care: you need to withstand temperatures when washing and be careful with damp fabric, but we all know that if not properly cared for, any material can be damaged.
The maximum similarity in characteristics with cotton is also good news, and if you find good quality viscose, it can be even better than cotton.
The most important thing is that things made from viscose are very pleasant to the touch (one of the main characteristics that I pay attention to when looking for fabric) and the body feels comfortable in this material!”
VELVET: Yulia Petrunenko
Often, when choosing a carpet, many questions arise: which carpet to choose - natural or synthetic? What do they have in common and how are they different? What criteria should you use to navigate and what should you give preference to? Let's try to figure it out by making a small comparison of their properties.
This is a soft rolled material, its generally accepted standard size (width) is 3; 3.5; 4 meters, there are practically no restrictions on length. Carpet flooring is divided not only by type of production, pile, but also by place of application - into household and commercial.
The first is used for flooring in apartments and small offices with low traffic. The second is designed for rooms with high loads.
There are two types of carpet - synthetic and natural. By the way, to make the carpet “natural”, it is enough to add at least 10% wool content to the composition. The price category of the product depends on this indicator.
There is also a so-called mixed type. It is a mixture of several synthetic components. Sometimes wool is also included in the composition.
Nylon
The most durable of the materials used in production. It is quite wear-resistant. Cannot be deformed. But it is capable of accumulating static charges - this is a minus.
Polyester
It has excellent resistance to mechanical loads and fire safety. In elasticity it is inferior to natural.
Polypropylene
One of the best components for making flooring. It has excellent resistance to stains (all except oil stains), good resistance to moisture and UV rays. Negative aspects: flammability and fragility.
Nylon carpet is considered the most wear-resistant and has the longest service life - up to 15 years.
Types of fibers and production technologies
The pile is divided by length (short, medium, high) and by production method. Its minimum length is 5 – 40 mm.
Manufacturing methods:
- Woven - produced by weaving plain and multi-colored yarn according to the principle of making a carpet;
- Tufting - a needle and thread are passed through a specialized base. In this case, a loop of a fixed length remains on the outside;
- Needle-punched - the fibrous base is repeatedly pierced with special needles, capturing the fibers of the base;
- Flocking is the most technologically advanced method. Due to electrolysis, the fibers become vertical and literally melt into the base.
Advantages and disadvantages
Advantages:
- Environmental friendliness. Does not emit odor, hypoallergenic.
- Firmness, elasticity, aesthetics. Thanks to the addition of wool, natural carpet retains its attractive appearance for a long time.
- Noise and heat insulation properties, which gives additional comfort;
- Fire safety.
- Minimal risk of injury. Perfect for children's rooms and play areas.
- Large selection of textures (textures) and colors.
Negative qualities:
- Price. The higher the percentage of natural components in the pile, the higher the cost.
- High maintenance requirements - collects a lot of dust.
- Capable of accumulating static electricity.
Carpet made from artificial components is very similar to natural carpet in many ways.
- Environmental friendliness. Synthetic carpet is non-toxic.
- Does not require any additional anti-insect treatment, as the coating is initially resistant to moths and dust mites.
- Durability – slightly longer than natural in terms of service life. Wear resistance directly depends on the type. For example, a carpet made of nylon (polyamide) will last up to approximately 15 years, from polyester - up to 8 years, from polypropylene - up to 5, from acrylic - up to 8 years.
- The color of the pile is more uniform compared to its natural counterpart.
- Relatively low cost.
- Variety of collections.
The disadvantages are the same as those of natural coatings: it collects a large amount of dust and is averagely difficult to maintain.
What to choose
The first thing you need to pay attention to when choosing carpet is the intended installation location. A carpet with a rubberized base and short pile is best suited for the hallway, as it is easier to clean.
In the living room, synthetic medium-pile is popular. It is recommended to choose natural ones with medium or high pile for the bedroom, children's room or play areas.
It is worth paying special attention to design and color, because if you successfully “play” with the color scheme, you can visually expand or narrow the space and highlight certain zones.
For a room with high traffic, it is worth choosing a coating with a harder surface; for an ordinary living room, a softer one is acceptable.
When choosing a natural or synthetic carpet, you should take into account many factors: the intended location of the flooring, the risk of allergic reactions, the presence of pets, requirements for the characteristics of the flooring, etc.
Question:
We often come across this: “I took vitamins, but they don’t mean anything! There’s no effect”
How can we explain that the effect of taking vitamins is not at all the same as that of painkillers? I took it and immediately felt that the vitamins work at the cellular level and if, for example, a young person is not particularly worried about his health, then the effect may not be felt immediately, but this does not mean that they do not work, it’s just that the body does not work against the background of a deficiency of elements, but we have everything that it needs and, therefore, will last much longer. How important are vitamins for the body? And if you don’t take them, then what vitamins can the body “create” itself and under what conditions?
Answer:
How important are vitamins for the body?
Everyone determines for themselves how healthy they want to be! The chemical composition of the body and the biochemical reactions of creation and destruction occurring in it are the same for almost all people (the differences are insignificant for different ethnic groups and places of residence). But the synthesis and destruction of vitamins, enzymes, hormones... is the basis of the life of every person, without exception! The only question is in our head - do I want to know about it or not, do I believe in the need to help my body or don’t believe it, am I ready or not ready to enrich my body with minerals, vitamins, microelements, proteins - that is, to support my metabolism as much as possible whether I’m saving on my health or not.
As a result, we all have different health, a corresponding appearance, whether we maintain the integrity of our body or not! The truism: “Our health is in our hands” cannot be disputed. The work of a healthy body is invisible and it seems that it will always be this way, but in fact, when a deficiency of any element occurs, gradually, like a chain reaction, a failure occurs at all stages of metabolism and is first expressed by a functional failure of one of the body systems, and subsequently results in a disease of some organ “as if suddenly,” or first a disease of some organ, which in turn leads to disruption of the body’s functioning. As if suddenly hypothyroidism, although up to a certain point: “I have never been “bothered” by the thyroid gland ...” - the diet contains little trace element - iodine and, by the way, have very pronounced properties (we are talking about natural forms (in the capsule there is a mixture of tocopherols d-alfa-tocoferol, d-beta-tocoferol, d-gamma-tocoferol from environmentally friendly, high-quality plant raw materials) and a prolonged form, enriched with lemon bioflavonoids, hesperidin, routine (vitamin P), rosehip and Barbados cherry concentrates).
And since the thyroid gland is the conductor of the entire endocrine system of the body, accordingly, disruptions will occur in all internal secretion organs, somewhere pronounced, somewhere they will be compensated and go unnoticed.
How will this manifest itself? Nutritional (dietary) lack of iodine and antioxidants can lead to difficulty losing excess weight, 
to a decrease in visual acuity, to menstrual irregularities, to dry and brittle hair and nails, to a tendency to constipation, to an obsessive constant feeling of chilliness, to rapid fatigue, to a slow reaction and adaptation to the outside world.
“As if suddenly” bleeding gums - large doses of long-acting vitamin C and coenzyme Q 10 (ubiquinone) urgently need to be added to the diet.
“As if all of a sudden” hair is falling out more than usual; there is not enough vitamin C, calcium, or protein in the diet.
“As if suddenly” always has a cumulative effect!
Of course, you need to carefully choose vitamins and foods. If we are talking about vitamins for family use, then they must have a natural and not a chemical origin, you should pay attention to the manufacturing technology, the standards that the manufacturer adheres to, the source of raw materials for the production of vitamin-mineral complexes, the dosage of the active substance, and not just a list of those what's in the capsule or tablet.
In the recent past (1912), the Polish scientist Casimir Funk was the first to propose the name vitamin, based on the Latin “vita” - “life”. And as history shows, vitamins really save lives, or rather thousands of lives! It was vitamins and vitamin-like substances isolated from natural raw materials that were studied, their effectiveness was proven, and thanks to their use, many diseases and pathological conditions simply disappeared.
A striking example is the legendary expedition of Vasco de Gama to India, 100 people out of 160 participants died from scurvy. Later, travelers began to add lemon juice and a decoction of pine needles to their diet, that is, to deliberately enrich their diet. This is how thousands of travelers saved their lives. Even later, Albert von Szent-Gyorgy (Nobel Prize in Medicine and Physiology 1937) discovered vitamin C and a whole complex of vitamins; he also proved that rutin and bioflavonoids in combination with vitamin C make it especially powerful.
Another example: at the beginning of the 20th century, people learned to polish rice (clean it from the husk) and, eating peeled rice, began to get sick with some strange disease, Beri-Beri (which translates as “I can’t, I can’t”), the body stopped obeying. Later it was found that the rice shell (rice bran) contains a substance that prevents and saves from Beri-Beri disease. This unknown substance turned out to be B vitamins, vitamin B1 being especially important in the prevention and treatment of the disease. In 1911, vitamin B1 was isolated by the Polish scientist Casimir Funk, a discovery that sharply reduced the number of cases. Casimir Fuku was also the first to isolate vitamin B3 (niacin).
There are many examples in the history of the discovery of vitamins, and they all show how important they are for the full functioning of the body and the prevention of various diseases. And once again I would like to draw your attention to the fact that the discovery and description of the action of vitamins and vitamin-like substances relate, first of all, to substances of natural origin; only later, the properties of natural vitamins were automatically attributed to the created synthetic analogues!
Today the market is filled with vitamin and mineral complexes. BUT! If you carefully read the instructions for synthetic vitamins, you will see contraindications, side effects, and the recommended course of administration. The same cannot be said about natural vitamins. The body easily processes them, easily includes them in metabolic processes, and they are also easily excreted from the body. Natural vitamins are necessary every day, without exception, because some vital vitamins are not synthesized by the body and must come only from the outside. Unfortunately, it is almost impossible to take an adequate daily intake of vitamins, minerals, microelements, and enzymes from food alone, because their content in modern products compared to the last century has been reduced significantly due to soil depletion, “modern progressive cultivation”, fertilizers, “safe” storage of fruits, vegetables, cereals and our ecology.
This begs the main question: how to choose the most useful vitamins to enrich your diet? Don't fall into the trap of synthetic vitamins! If the package says Vitamin A (Retinol and Beta-carotene (provitamin A) - this is the natural form of vitamin A, the chemical analogue will sound like this - Vitamin A (Retinol acetate and Palmitate),
Vitamin B9: Folic acid - synthetic analogue: Pteroylglutamic acid,
Vitamin B5: Pantothenic acid - synthetic analogue: Calcium pantothenate
Vitamin B 1: Thiamine synthetic analogue: Thiamine mononitrate, Thiamine hydrochloride
Vitamin E: (see above in the article) - synthetic analogue: DL-alpha tocopherol acetate or succinate
Vitamin B6: Pyridoxine - synthetic analogue: Pyridoxine hydrochloride
Vitamin B4: Choline () - synthetic analogue: Choline chloride
Vitamin B7 or Vit H: Biotin - synthetic analogue: D biotin.
“... if you don’t take them, then what vitamins can the body “create” itself and under what conditions?”
Even looking at several examples of the work of vitamins synthesized by our body, you are impressed by their necessity and importance for the health of the body!
Here some vitamins that the body partially synthesizes itself.
The intestinal microflora synthesizes B vitamins (including B3, or Vit PP (niacin), vitamin K. An important condition for the synthesis of vitamins is the proper functioning of the intestines and healthy microflora. If there is dysbacteriosis, chronic constipation or, conversely, diarrhea, helminthic infestations, if medications have been taken or are being taken on an ongoing basis that inhibit the work and, in fact, the intestinal microflora, if the appendix has been removed, then the synthesis of vitamins will be sharply reduced. Separately, I would like to say about the appendix as an important organ, the role of which has long been underestimated, misunderstanding its importance for the health of the body. The appendix maintains the balance of intestinal microflora, being a “reserve” of beneficial microflora; from the “reserve”, if necessary, beneficial bacteria populate the intestines to replace the dead. Beneficial bacteria are involved in the digestion of food, support the functioning of the immune system (synthesize immunoglobulins, antibodies, mucin), inhibit and suppress pathogenic microorganisms. And if we are talking about the synthesis of B vitamins by intestinal microflora, then healthy microflora is extremely important. Therefore, people with a removed appendix and problematic bowel function will benefit from periodic intake of Bifidoflora NSP (2 times a year).
Bifidoflora NSP is also useful for everyone who, due to habit, consumes refined foods, does not consume enough fiber and fermented milk products (sourdough, fermented baked milk, cottage cheese, kefir) year-round and daily.
But let’s return to the vitamins synthesized by intestinal microflora.
1929 Danish biochemist Henrik Dam first isolated a fat-soluble element, which would later be called vitamin K (from Koagulationsvitamin - coagulation vitamin). In 1943, Henrik Dam was awarded the Nobel Prize for his extraordinary scientific discovery. The daily dose of Vit K is 0.2-0.3 mg. We can partially get vitamin K from food - cabbage (white cabbage, cauliflower, Brussels sprouts), spinach, wheat bran, bananas, kiwi, eggs, meat, milk and dairy products, and olive oil. Complete synthesis of vitamins is possible provided a healthy intestine and sufficient consumption of environmentally friendly and minimally thermally processed food products.
The main role of vitamin K in the body- this is to ensure normal blood clotting, because Vitamin K is essential for the synthesis of six (especially prothrombin) of the thirteen different proteins through which a blood clot is formed. The absence of at least one of the essential proteins can lead to hemorrhagic disease.
Vitamin K also:
- helps increase the strength of the walls of blood vessels;
- vitamin K enhances muscle contractions, reduces the risk of blood loss and bruising due to injuries and bruises, which is important for people actively involved in sports and physical education;
- necessary to prevent bleeding in pregnant women and prevent fetal death;
- is part of cell membranes and plays an irreplaceable role in the creation of protein compounds of the heart and lungs, bone tissue protein, on which calcium crystallizes;
- ensures normal interaction of calcium with vitamin D. Vitamin K, vitamin D and calcium form a strong skeletal system and healthy teeth, and serve as a prevention of osteoporosis (loss of bone tissue); can reduce and prevent some age-related inflammation;
- neutralizes the toxic effects of coumarin, aflatoxins, poisons, accumulated waste in the liver and excretory organs during food poisoning and other intoxications of the body, which makes it possible to consider vitamin K as a prevention of many diseases, including cancer;
- improves the motor function of the gastrointestinal tract;
- participates in the formation of energy sources in the body;
“Vitamin of Life” - niacin (or Vit B3, or nicotinic acid, or Vit PP - “pellagra preventid”, which means preventing pellagra). The first description of nicotinic acid was given by the Swiss botanist Jacob Huber (life 1867-1914). In 1913, Casimir Funk isolated nicotinic acid from yeast.
In order for the intestinal microflora to synthesize vitamin B3, in addition to the above-mentioned conditions, one more thing is necessary, namely, the food entering the body must contain vitamins B6, B2 and the amino acid tryptophan. Vitamin B3 is not synthesized in the body if there is a lack or absence of vitamins B6, B2 and the amino acid tryptophan, and even in the required proportion (for 1 mg of vitamin B3, 60 mg of tryptophan is required).
The daily requirement of vitamin B3 is from 12 to 24 mg for an adult, for a child under one year old - 6 mg per day, at 10 years old - up to 15 mg per day, in adolescence - up to 18 mg per day.
Niacin is found in all types of meat, liver, eggs, buckwheat, legumes, green vegetables, there is a lot of it in wheat ovaries, dates, figs, prunes, nuts, brewer's yeast.
The role of niacin in the human body is irreplaceable, because this “Vitamin of Life” is involved in almost all metabolic processes of the body and is part of 300 different enzymes, which makes it possible to prevent the development of cardiovascular diseases, heart attacks and strokes by reducing the level of triglycerides and LDL ( low-density lipoproteins), i.e. “bad” cholesterol, and increasing the level of “good” HDL cholesterol (high-density lipoproteins); -accelerate the breakdown of fats in the body, promote the extraction and maximum absorption of protein from plant foods due to participation in the production of digestive enzymes by the pancreas and liver); participate in the synthesis of the most important hormones - insulin, cortisone, estrogen, progesterone, testosterone; maintain the health of the mucous membranes of the entire digestive tract; it also supports the functioning of the lens of the eye and helps in adapting vision in low light conditions.
Vitamin B3 deficiency occurs as a result of years of accumulation.
The main causes of B3 deficiency are poor diet and/or “problematic” intestines.
How is vitamin B3 deficiency expressed?
- gaining excess weight for no apparent reason, which may be accompanied by sleep disorders;
- nervous disorders such as tearfulness, irritability, excitability;
- hypotonicity of muscle tissue, pain in the limbs; decreased libido and sexual weakness; dizziness, frequent headache;
- Blood sugar levels may decrease;
- memory deteriorates, especially short-term (when a person cannot remember where he was going, what he was going to do a minute ago, etc.) and associative. A significant deficiency of vitamin B3 causes severe and unpleasant conditions: a burning sensation in the limbs, convulsions, memory loss, dementia (in common parlance, senile insanity).
Vitamin D
This vitamin is formed in the skin directly under the influence of ultraviolet radiation from sunlight.
The daily dose of vitamin D for children under 6 years of age is 10 mcg, for adults 2.5 mcg per day, for pregnant women and women in the lactation period 10-12 mcg. Foods rich in vitamin D - butter, cheese, cream, sour cream, wild mushrooms (especially chanterelles), sunflower seeds and vegetable oil itself, algae, yeast, parsley, eggs, fatty fish in caviar, liver, mackerel fat, salmon, herring, tuna, perch), animal liver - beef, pork, fatty meats (pork, duck, etc.).
The mechanism of action of vitamin D:
- increases the permeability of membranes of enterocytes (intestinal cells) for calcium and enhances the absorption of phosphorus in the intestine; -starts the process of synthesis of a special blood protein to transfer calcium from one tissue and organ to another; - supports proper mineralization of bones, cartilage, teeth and muscle contraction by maintaining an optimal balance of calcium and phosphates in the blood, and, if necessary, prevents the hardening of excess bone formations, i.e. bone growths;
- helps to enhance the reabsorption of calcium from primary urine in the kidney tubules;
Reading the list of products that contain vitamins that are so necessary for the body, you involuntarily ask the question: is it really possible to make 
your diet so that your body gets everything it needs? Is it realistic to stick to this diet all the time? And even if we carefully create a diet and stick to it, do we have ideal intestinal function and healthy microflora to process foods and absorb the most valuable things in the volume necessary for the body?
The human body, namely the intestinal microflora, synthesizes vitamins B1, B4, B5, B6, B7, B9, B12 in small quantities. The role of each in metabolic processes is irreplaceable and significant, huge scientific works have been written about them, research has not stopped to this day . In order for the body to function fully and not start the process of premature aging, it must receive all the vitamins, minerals, and microelements it needs both from food and in the form of natural vitamin-mineral complexes!
Here is an example of natural vitamins and vitamin-like substances in complexes from the global manufacturer NSP.
Vitamin D:, Vitasaurics, Osteoplus, Supercomplex,
Vitamin K: , Mega Hell, Solstik Nutrition
B1 (thiamine): TNT, Mega Hell, Supercomplex, Vitazavriki, Solstik Nutrition, Solstik Revive, Solstik Energy, Uro Lax, Nutri Calm
B 2 (riboflavin): Vitazavriki, Smart Mil, Supercomplex, TNT, Solstik Nutrition, Solstik Energy, Solstik Revive, Uro Lax, Nutri Calm, Mega Hell
B3 (vitamin PP, nicotinic acid, niacin): Nutri Calm, Supercomplex, Vitazavriki, Mega Hell, Solstik Nutrition, Solstik Energy, Solstik Revive, TNT
B4 (choline): Liv Gard, Vitasauricks, Nutri Calm
B5 (pantothenic acid): Mega Hell, Nutri Calm, Vitazavriki, Solstik Nutrition, Solstik Energy, Solstik Revive, Smart Mil, Supercomplex, TNT, UroLax
B6 (pyridoxine): TNT, Mega Hell, Supercomplex, Vitazavriki, Osteoplus, Perfect Eyes, Smart Mil, Solstik Nutrition, Solstik Energy, Solstik Revive, Nutri Calm
B7 (biotin): Mega Hell, Nutri Calm, Vitazavriki, Solstik Nutrition, Supercomplex, TNT, Smart Mil
B9 (folic acid): Nutri Calm, Mega Hell, Vitazavriki, Smart Mil, Supercomplex, TNT, Solstik Nutrition
B12 (cyanocobalamin): Nutri Calm, Supercomplex, TNT, Mega Hell, Vitazavriki, Osteoplus, Solstik Energy, Solstik Revive, Smart Mil
Here is a brief overview of the functions of some vitamins in the human body. How can you feel the work of vitamins immediately after taking them, or for a short time, when the work is happening at the cellular level, especially since vitamin deficiency occurs gradually and the body gradually “gets used to it”, signaling even when there is a dangerous lack of one or another element with malfunctions body? The only thing we can notice when taking vitamins is good health and mood, increased performance, and the absence of those conditions and diseases that arise from a lack of vitamins. Vitamins are one of the main components of a complete metabolism and, accordingly, health!
Strive to educate yourself, learn to be healthy and you will be grateful to yourself when you look in the mirror and lead an active lifestyle, no matter how old you are!
