Crimea thermal springs where are located. Mineral springs of Crimea

On the title photo: decorative pool with sculptures of dinosaurs near the pavilion of the hydropathic center of the Saki military sanatorium.

Mineral waters of Crimea not as well known as the Caucasian ones, and the thermal springs are almost unknown to the general public.
In this review, we will get acquainted with the natural resources of the Crimea for the development of resorts and experience in the treatment of many serious diseases.
"dead water" And " living water"Russian folk tales are probably related to the ancient realities of the Crimea, the resort regions of Saki and Kerch. It is here that there are nearby mineral water sources of completely different effects, the combination of which in treatment has been giving amazing results for many thousands of years.
Hydrogen sulfide water has pronounced acidic properties is called "dead" water. Hydrogen sulfide is the strongest oxidizing agent, which explains its disinfectant and bactericidal properties.
"Dead" water is used for the treatment and prevention of colds, tonsillitis, flu. "Dead" water has a wide range of effects on the body: it lowers blood pressure, improves sleep, and calms the nervous system. "Dead" water dissolves stones on the teeth, stops gum bleeding, helps in the treatment of periodontal disease. Reduces joint pain, helps with intestinal disorders.

carbonic waters("living water") are rich in trace elements, and at the same time eliminate heavy metals and radioactive elements from the body. First of all, these are waters of the type of the Caucasian source Narzan, which are also found in the Crimea. But at the same time, in the Crimea, they are next to hydrogen sulfide springs, therapeutic mud and brine of healing lakes.

Now it is especially important in the treatment of complex wounds from military operations and terrorist attacks, complex industrial accidents and car accidents .
It is quite clear that the art of doctors of the Crimea is a centuries-old experience, which is based on the works of ancient doctors. The diagnostic and medical base of the Crimean sanatoriums is constantly developing and improving. Plus effective operation of resort parks, health paths. And of course, dance, sports, art therapy. All this provides Crimea with a leading position in the world in the treatment of such diseases as female and male infertility, congenital pathologies in children, and restoration of health after injuries and wounds.

Map. Hydromineral regions of the Crimean peninsula

A. Hydromineral folded area Mountain Crimea with the predominant development of sulphate and chloride (partly thermal in depth) mineral waters carbonated with nitrogen, in a subordinate sense methane, hydrogen sulfide and rarely carbon dioxide.

B. Kerch hydromineral area of ​​carbonic waters in deep aquifers, as well as hydrogen sulfide, nitrogen and methane cold and thermal in tertiary and underlying sediments.

V. Crimean hydromineral area of ​​hydrogen sulfide, nitrogen, methane and mixed gas composition of brackish and salt waters ( Plain Crimea), cold in the upper and thermal in the deep parts of the artesian basins.

Water types
carbonic waters:
1 - carbonic mainly chloride-hydrocarbonate and hydrocarbonate-chloride sodium waters with a mineralization of 8.8-15.6 g / l (and others).

Hydrogen sulfide waters:
2 - chloride, sodium, predominantly saline waters with a high content of hydrogen sulfide everywhere (total H2S from 50 to 850 mg/l) and salinity from 7.8 to 32.5 g/l;
3 - sodium waters of variable anionic composition (hydrocarbonate-chloride, chloride-hydrocarbonate, etc.), with mineralization mainly up to 10 g / l and with very different content of total hydrogen sulfide - from several tens to more than 300 mg / l and weakly hydrogen sulfide waters with a content of H2S about 10 mg/l. Nitrogen, methane, mixed gas composition and other waters.

Thermal:
4 - nitrogen fresh hydrocarbonate sodium with mineralization up to 1 g/l. Temperature 26-35°C;
5 - predominantly nitrogen chloride-hydrocarbonate, hydrocarbonate-chloride and chloride sodium (sometimes magnesium) with a mineralization of 1 to 3-7 g / l. Temperature 20-46°C;
6 - nitrogen, methane-nitrogen, nitrogen-methane and methane chloride and chloride-hydrocarbonate sodium, salt waters (mineralization 10-35 g / l) with a temperature of 30 to 40 ° C and above;
7 - nitrogen-methane and methane-nitrogen (sometimes methane) chloride calcium-sodium waters of marine mineralization (35-40 g / l) with a temperature above 50 ° C (up to 100 °);
8 - predominantly nitrogenous very hot over (45-50 ° C) waters in composition sodium or calcium-sodium chloride, sulfate-chloride, hydrocarbonate-chloride and chloride-hydrocarbonate with a mineralization of 8-50 g / l.

Cold:
9 - sulfate (pure sulfate, chloride-sulfate and sulfate-chloride (sodium-calcium and others) weakly mineralized from 1.5 to 10 g / l of water;
10-chloride and bicarbonate-chloride sodium, as well as calcium-magnesium waters with a mineralization mainly from 3 to 20 g/l;
11 - chloride-sulfate and sodium chloride highly mineralized waters (brines) with salinity above 50 g/l.

The waters are insufficiently studied: 12 - fresh carbon dioxide-nitrogen with rare gases (according to the assumption).

13 - the border of the areas of mineral waters;
14 - source;
15 - well;
16 - mud hill with the release of carbon dioxide.

Points of mineral waters

Plain Crimea: 1 - outskirts of Dzhankoy, 2 - southwest of Dzhankoy, 3 - Sernovodskoye, 4 - Glebovo, 5 - Cretaceous (Tarkhankut), 6 - Northern Novoselovskaya well, 6a, 6b, 6c, 6d, 6d - Southern Novoselovskie wells, 7 - Nizhnegorsk. 8 - Evpatoria - Moinaki, 9 - Evpatoria - near the sea, 10 - Saki - behind the railway, 11 - Saki - resort, 12 - Saki - against Chebotarskaya beam, 13 - Novo-Andreevka, 14 - Novo-Aleksandrovka, 15 - Novozhilovka, 16 - Vasilievka, 17, 17a - Beloglinka, 18 - south of Belogorsk, 19 - Lechebnoye spring, 20 - Obruchev spring, 21, 21a - Goncharovka, 22 - Babenkovo, 23 - Akmelez source, 24 - hydrogen sulfide water near the city Feodosia, 25 - the source of Feodosia, 26 - the source of Kafa, 27 - Novo-Moskovskaya street in Feodosia.

Kerch Peninsula: sources: 28 - Syuartash. 29 - Karalar. 30 - Dzhailavsky, 31, 31a - Chokraksky, 32 - Tarkhansky, 33 - Baksinsky; mud hills: 34 - Burashsky, 35 - Tarkhansky, 36 - Bulganaksky, 37 - Yenikalsky, 38 - Kamysh-Burun, 39, 39a - Seit-Elinsky springs, 40 - Kayaly-Sart springs, 41 - Moshkarevskoye, 42 - Maryevsky, 43 - Kostyrino (former Chongelek).

Mountain Crimea: 44 - Koktebel, 45 - Kizil-Tash springs, 46 - Sudaksky spring, 47 - Karabakh source, 48 - Black waters source (Adzhi-Su bay), 49 - weakly carbonic water in the northern portal of the Yalta tunnel, 50 - sulfate water in southern portal of the Yalta tunnel, 51 - hydrogen sulfide water in the southern portal of the Yalta tunnel, 52 - Yalta deep well, 53 - Vasil-Saray source, 54 - Melas source.

Modern use of mineral waters and thermal springs of Crimea

Map. Deposits of mineral and thermal waters of Crimea
Compiled by N. N. Kapinos. Published: Atlas of Mineral Resources of the Crimea and the adjacent waters of the Black and Azov Seas. Authors Khmara A.Ya., Khlebnikov A.N. et al., Simferopol: Tavria-plus, 2001

As a result of medical practice, numbering about 3 thousand years, healing recognized 26 Crimean salt lakes(estuaries), as well as more 100 deposits and sources of mineral waters different chemical composition. Many springs are located near estuaries, creating unique opportunities for complex treatment.

The most famous and accessible mineral water "Crimean". This is thermal hydrocarbonate-chloride sodium water with a mineralization of 2 g/l, similar in properties to "Essentuki-4", is used both for drinking treatment and balneotherapy (washing, irrigation, baths, healing showers). The natural spring has a temperature of 45°C - the most comfortable for a person, this gives an additional effect, and in many health resorts saki shower or bath with this water can be taken right in the room!
Silt sulfide mineral muds of the Saki deposit are recognized all over the world, especially in the region infertility treatment .

At the resort Feodosia treat serious illnesses such as heart disease, myocardial infarction, as well as diseases of the upper respiratory tract and nervous system . This is provided by sources of thermal (40°C) sodium chloride water, climatotherapy, aerotherapy, as well as mud and brine from the Old Lake.

Alushta- in several sanatoriums, treatment is carried out with unique water from the source Savluh-Su(healing water, Turk.). Water became famous after the disaster at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant, as it was installed ability to remove radionuclides from the body .
The spring is located at an altitude of 700 m above sea level, in the central basin of the Crimean Natural Reserve, where Monastery of Saints Cosmas and Damian.
The water in the spring is always cold (6–8°C), clear as a tear, clear as crystal, and extremely tasty.
The uniqueness of the water of this source lies in the fact that at a pH value close to neutral and low mineralization, it contains silver ions in a balneologically active concentration. It is these qualities of water that give it healing power in a wide balneological spectrum.
Waters like the Savlukh-Su spring are so rare that they are not even included in the classification of mineral waters. Data in the literature on similar sources were not found. There is indirect evidence that a source of water similar to "Savlukh-Su" was found in the United States.
24-day course water intake is a protective factor in stress stomach ulcer . It can also be taken to prevent other diseases.

close Toplovsky monastery, Belogorsky area, (slightly above the village Topolevka near the highway Feodosia - Simferopol) beats several sources - source of St. Paraskeva, St. George the Victorious, Three Hierarchs(Basil the Great, Gregory the Theologian and John Chrysostom.)
Source of St. Paraskeva is finished with local stone, a chapel with an iconostasis is built near it. Water from the source of St. Paraskeva Friday helps well with eye diseases .
There are two fonts on the territory of the monastery. One, closed, in marble, is located next to the temple, where water flows from all three sources - St. Paraskeva, St. George and the Three Saints. You can take a dip in this font both in winter and summer, the water of this spring cures diseases of the eyes and head. A huge white marble Angel from a jug pours water into the bath.
To the second font, St. George, you will need to walk about one km along a forest road. The water of this spring has a healing effect on musculoskeletal system.

IN Krasnogvardeisky region of Crimea in a small village Pyatikhatka there is a unique healing thermal spring with a water temperature of 60 degrees, beating from a depth of 1190 meters. Nearby in the adapted premises of the hostel there is a modest small temple in the name of St. Panteleimon the Healer.
The healing properties of natural water have been known since ancient times. There are many healing springs in the world. Famous spas invite you to be treated with the divine gift of healing water. Some sources are radon, others are hydrogen sulfide, others contain iodine and bromine. The source, which is located next to us, is simply unique. Its composition is close to the waters of Matsesta, Karlovy Vary, and even surpasses them in a number of mineral components. Source investigated by doctors: biologically active water displays salts of heavy metals, radionuclides, has good choleretic, diuretic and antiviral properties. Bathing in it, people get relief from diseases of the musculoskeletal system and skin.

Many residents of the Crimean peninsula are unaware of the existence of hot healing springs in the Crimea, now in Russia. These springs were discovered by hydrogeologists back in the days of the Soviet Union. There are rich reserves of thermal waters with high mineralization in Pervomaisky, Nizhnegorsky, Dzhankoysky, Saki and Krasnogvardeisky areas.

How to get to the geothermal springs of Crimea ? We leave from Simferopol on North. We drive along the highway to the city of Armyansk. We pass the village of Gvardeyskoye and turn towards the village of Krymskoye, this is already the Saksky district. Stopping in the village Lowland.
The inconspicuous structure hastily built of shell rock. Here, at a depth of more than 1000 meters, there is a thermal source. Its constant temperature is about 60 degrees Celsius. Having made an analysis, the experts came to the conclusion that this water, in terms of the number of useful microelements, surpasses the Saki mineral water known in the Crimea.
Local residents drink mineral water straight from the tap and vying to praise its healing properties. Well, it helps with pulmonary diseases, with disorders of the gastrointestinal tract, with infectious diseases such as tonsillitis.
For a long time this well was the only source of water for the villagers. Therefore, a bathhouse was built next to it. Now people from all over the Crimea come here to swim. During the season, tourists also come to bathe in the village. Sometimes even foreigners visit. In the bath, you can feel a strong hydrogen sulfide smell and the water tastes like hydrogen sulfide. Locals say that it makes excellent yeast pancakes.

Another hot spring is located in the village Ilyinka Saki district. This is 30 kilometers west of Lowland. The local aquifer lies at depths of 800 to 1100 meters. The water is sodium chloride. Its temperature reaches almost 60 degrees. Immediately at the entrance to Ilyinka, we see a familiar typical structure, built from local limestone-shell rock.
Ilyinsky water contains: iodine, bromine, boron, iron, manganese, titanium, zirconium, lithium, aluminum, silicon, strontium, barium, vanadium, zinc, scandium and beryllium. In addition, water has a mixed composition of gases. Carbon dioxide, nitrogen, methane and rare gases - this is the gas composition of water. There is no more hydrogen sulfide in it.
The source gushed throughout the room. Useful baths were taken inside and next to the building itself. Local residents took water in basins and baths. It is said that the procedures were very effective for those suffering from rheumatism, osteochondrosis and sciatica. And the water perfectly healed wounds and helped with skin diseases. The taste of water gives iodine. But she can't wash her hair. They will be like wood when dry.

Mineral springs of Crimea known far beyond the peninsula. Many of the sources are almost not equipped, but work in this direction is underway. Tourists should still visit these unique natural and recreational attractions. There are about a hundred sources in total. But about a dozen are being developed and used.

Where are

Geothermal and mineral springs are concentrated in the regions of the Steppe Crimea. Locations: Saki, Feodosia, Krasnogvardeysky and Dzhankoysky districts. In total, three hydro-mineral regions are distinguished: the Kerch Peninsula, mountainous, and flat Crimea.

On the basis of some sources, hospitals-sanatoriums, balneological resorts were built where patients undergo physiotherapy procedures and are treated with mineral water.

Description

Sources in the Crimea differ in the composition of water, its properties and indications for use. Consider the most popular.

black waters

This is the most famous complex of Crimean springs, located in the Kokkoz valley near the Belbek River. It consists of three sources: the upper one with fresh water, the two lower ones with bitter-salty sodium-calcium. Guests of the Black Waters sanatorium are mainly treated here.

Hot springs in the Crimea "Black Waters" are called Aji-Su, and the water is used to treat rheumatism, bone and muscle diseases, thrombophlebitis and skin diseases.

Official website of the Black Waters hydropathic: chernie-vodi.ru
Phone: +06554-6-45-36, 6-44-71, +7-978-828-62-45
Address: 98474, Republic of Crimea, Bakhchisarai district, s. Aroma, st. Yaltinskaya, 3

Water is used to treat diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, kidneys and liver, restore normal metabolism.

In Saki wells, water is produced, similar in therapeutic effect and taste to the famous Essentuki-4. Effective in eliminating diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.

Holy springs in Crimea

Separately, it is worth talking about the sources that are considered sacred, and the water from them is called holy.

Most of these mineral waters are located near the village of Generalskoe (near Yalta). These are the sources of Ai-Vasil (also a place of pilgrimage), Ai-Alixiy, Ai-Yan-Petri, Ai-Nastasi and Ai-Andrit.

The Inkerman Monastery, which has several temples and a healing spring located in a cave, is revered by the inhabitants of Crimea. This place is considered sacred and is dedicated to the Hieromartyr Clement. Located in Sevastopol.

Another holy spring is located in Bakhchisarai, on the territory of the Orthodox Holy Dormition Monastery. Previously, there was a water pipe here, through the pipes of which water from the spring was supplied to the monastery residents. Now the aqueduct has been destroyed, and water fills the fountains and the stone pool.

Another monastery that boasts its own healing mineral spring is Kosmo-Damianovsky, located in the Crimean Reserve at the foot of Chatyr-Daga (20 km from Alushta). Local water has a great taste and has a lot of useful qualities.

There is a sacred spring in the Crimea, located in the Holy Paraskeevsky Convent, dedicated to the Christian Great Martyr Paraskeva. It was near this spring that the woman died painfully. There is a source near the village of Topolevka.

Tourists often come to the Ai-Anastasia spring near Mount Sokol to quench their thirst with clean healing water, to admire the most beautiful nature. There is a spring in the resort village of Novy Svet near the city of Sudak.

Many ancient monasteries with healing springs were destroyed by decree of the authorities back in Soviet times. Now the era of change has come: the Crimean springs are striving to restore and return the sacred places to their original appearance. Soon everyone will be able to make a pilgrimage to holy places, quench their thirst and restore health thanks to the healing waters of the Crimean mineral springs.

Crimean peninsula has long been famous for its nature and healing air. But this is not only the Black Sea and the Crimean Mountains. The peninsula is famous for its healing properties. salt lakes and miraculous resort places where you can improve your health. Therapeutic mud, mineral springs and healing properties of salt lakes have benefited and cured a single generation of tourists. Today's article will tell you how you can improve your health and where to relax in Crimea.

The village of Mezhvodnoe

This place on the Black Sea is most appreciated for its warm waters and beautiful sandy beaches. Village Mezhvodnoe located between the sea and two lakes. The sea here is shallow and safe. Therefore, families with small children often come here.

We can say that Mezhvodnoye is such a “natural Spa”. The mud in the lakes helps with skin diseases. In addition, they have a charitable effect on blood vessels and increase immunity, improve the metabolic process. And the air in these places is an excellent prevention for respiratory and ENT diseases.

Lake in Saki

In addition to the salty sea, the resort town of Saki boasts a local salt lake. This is where tourists come for treatment. At this balneological resort is the main feature - the mud of the salt lake. Saki lake unique for its mineral silt mud, which has healing properties. These natural minerals are saturated with hydrogen sulfide, sodium salts, potassium and magnesium. There is a special well in the resort used for drinking cures. Such dirt, together with brine and salts, has a great effect on the human body. Many who have undergone treatment in Saki claim that they have improved blood circulation and blood supply to the heart, as well as metabolic processes. Saki Lake is very useful for those people who have skin problems. On the territory of the lake there are several sanatoriums that provide a number of procedures, such as inhalations, hydromassage of the gums, various mud baths and cosmetic wraps, hydropathic showers.

Lake Chokrak

Near Kerch, very close to the village of Kurortnoe, there is the famous Crimean Lake Chokrak. First of all, thanks to its picturesque location. Medicinal herbs grow here and mineral springs flow. They are very useful for joints and nervous disorders, as well as treat some gastric diseases and improve digestion. From therapeutic mud it is good to make face and body masks, mud wraps. They perfectly cleanse the skin, because the composition of the mud includes iodine, manganese, bromine and zinc. On the entire Crimean peninsula, this place is considered the most environmentally friendly.

Moinak lake

The pearl of the Evpatoria resort is undoubtedly considered Moinak lake. Some compare it to the Dead Sea because of the salinity of the water. At the bottom of the lake there is a healing mud of an oily structure. The water in the lake is rich in microelements such as nartium iodide, magnesium sulfate, silver, manganese and iron sulfide. The lake is small. Hospitals were built around it, where you can improve your health after injuries, as well as take preventive courses of treatment for stomach diseases, various skin diseases and problems associated with otolaryngology. There are several mineral springs near the lake. The waters of the lake have healing properties for the treatment and prevention of osteochondrosis, infertility and neuritis. They also help in restoring the immune system. Doctors advise taking mud baths and swimming in the lake in the afternoon, when the estuary warms up and the properties of the lake increase. But staying in it for more than 15 minutes is not recommended.

Aji Su

Probably the most famous mineral spring in the Crimea is the spring Aji Su. Medical experts equate the properties of this spring with those of the Russian Pyatigorsk springs. For the first time, the healing properties of Aji Su were noticed by travelers in the 18th century, but they were discovered by researchers half a century ago. Then the first balneary was opened. The waters of Aji Su are very useful for rheumatic diseases, trophic ulcers, diseases of the joints and ligaments. In addition, people come here for rehabilitation after fractures and other injuries. In local clinics, in addition to hydrotherapy, other procedures are prescribed, such as massage and cosmetic wrapping, various mineral baths. For two weeks of stay in the hospital, you can do a new procedure every day. And besides therapeutic prophylaxis, you can always go to waterfalls or to the forest to achieve complete relaxation.

Nizinnoye is a small village in the Saksky district at the beginning of the road connecting the highway to Krasnoperekopsk and Armyansk through the village of Krymsky with Evpatoria Highway. This small settlement would not be known by anything if it were not for one of its attractions: a well of pressure thermal waters, located 480 meters from the turn of the road in front of the entrance to the village from the side of the Krasnoperekopskaya highway, behind the village cemetery. The flow of the high-pressure Yevpatoriya-Novoselovsky artesian basin, abundantly pouring out of it, rises to the surface from almost a kilometer deep. The well was drilled according to local approval in 1984. Water feels 45 degrees to the touch (Internet specifies: 47), has a slight smell of hydrogen sulfide, is used in a shower located at a distance of 95 meters from the well.

The building of the bathhouse (45 ° 12.595 "N 33 ° 54.696" E) was built of shell rock without plastering and did not look presentable at all. About 6 years ago, when I got here for the first time, it looked like a barn. Everything looked no better inside: the tiles of the interior lining of the premises covered with a brown-rusty coating of mineral water and the completely rusted pipelines made a depressing impression. Over time, the capital structure and water-bearing communications fell into almost complete disrepair, and on May 13, 2017, repairs began here, which I found during my second visit to this place (see photo).
The well itself (45° 12.647 "N 33° 54.672" E) is hidden under a small but powerful reinforced concrete structure made of foundation blocks, the entrance to which is closed by a metal door, and the roof is made of hollow-core floor slabs. From the head of the well located inside, a pipe blocked by a valve extends to the shower and the main pipeline with a shut-off valve, which simply ejects water in a northerly direction onto the ground, where it spills over the steppe with a long, more than 100 meters, puddle, swamping the adjacent land. Everything, both stones with pieces of concrete under a stream of water, and the inner surface of the booth protecting the well, have a rich brown tint.
There are no signs, equipped entrances and any additional amenities in these places and never were; just a well, just a building of a shower room (bath) and just a gift of the thermal water of the Crimean subsoil that we get.

A well on the outskirts of Nizinny

shower room