It is possible on an inexpensive simple tool, and a high-quality harmonica to buy later. With this approach, the case before buying the harmonica does not come true, because the performer gets a complete disappointment in the accordion after playing on a poor-quality tool.
There are several types of lump harmonics:
- Diatonic (10 hole);
- Chromatic;
- Tremolo;
- Octave;
- Bass;
- Chord;
- Different hybrids of these harmonics.
Most often, chords, bass and octave accordions are used in harmonic orchestras, they are very difficult to find on sale, so we will not make an emphasis on them. It is better to discuss diatonic, chromatic lip accordions and accordion tremolo.
Harmonica Tremolo
They, as a rule, are a little upset two sound tongues relative to each other on each note. It is due to this that the effect of tremolo is achieved. These harmonic windows have sounds only "White Piano Keys" and do not have a single "black key". Thremolo can be considered a primitive harmonic, it is quickly quickly and easy to learn how to play anyone with the slightest musical hearing. However, due to the large lack of missing notes, it is very limited in the possibilities. If you stop your choice on the accordion of Tremolo, you can only execute simple children's melodies, Russian and Ukrainian native songs and probably the hymns of some countries.
Chromatic lip harmonic
It has all the sounds of a chromatic sound hand, i.e. All "White and Black Piano Keys". Chromatic harmonics subject to reproduction of complex classic works and even jazz music. But at the same time, it is not bad to have a good musical education, with a sheet reading notes and play a great on the diatonic lip harmonica. All who play on chromatic harmonica began with a diatonic one, because you can be superbly learned to some techniques (for example, Benda or beautiful vibrato) it is on a diatonic harmonica, without damaging the tool tongues.
It is the most popular lifting harmonic in the world, you can perform any music, in any style. It has a rich and thick sound relative to the above-described harmonics. It has all notes, but, nevertheless, you should master sufficient skills to play on this instrument. This harmonic is sometimes called blues, but this does not mean at all that it is intended only for blues compositions. The name is explained by the fact that the diatonic harmonic has gained enormous popularity in the era of the formation of blues music, in which she, by the way, fit, perfectly fits.
Light harmonic tongues
The material from which the tongues of the luggage harmonica are made directly affects the durability of the tool. Traditionally use Hohner and Suzuki copper tongues for their harmonics. Innovative breakthrough in this area made Seydel, she became the first company manufacturing tongues from steel for his lip-harmonics. They are difficult to break and they are not upset longer.
Light harmonics have different tonality. If you refer yourself to novice harmonists, then stop your choice on the harmonica in the tonality "to major". It is on it that it will be easier for you and easier to master the main techniques and skills. In addition, most of the existing tutorials are recorded for the harmonica "to Major". Starting training on the harmonic of this tonality, you will then easily play on all other, higher and low. tonalities.
Tool check before purchase
If you acquire a lip harmonic in a special store of musical instruments, then you will definitely ask special feces for lip-harmonics. With their help, "blowing up" every hole on the breath and exhale to make sure that all the notes are sounded. It is very important to "extend" each hole separately. It can cause significant difficulties if you have never played a lip harmonic before. When checking each hole to inhale and exhale, pay special attention to the additional pride in the form of a "ringing", which may come across the luminous harmonics. And this means that the tongue clings for the feet of the harmonica. In this case, require another harmonic. In addition, on low tones (la, salt and lower), the tongues can beat about the lid of the lip harmonic, in principle, this is normal, there is nothing terrible in it. But, after a breaking a few harmonics, you will find the one that does not ring. On the lip harmonics of the tonality "to the major" there should be no ring to be present at all, so the best criterion in order to buy a lump harmonica to major is a clean sound on each hole.
Light harmonic does not tolerate sharp fluctuations in temperature and dampness. Before the game, it is recommended to heat the harmonic in the palms to the temperature of the human body. For long life, harmonica should be worn in a case, play gently and try not to drop. Periodically, it must be shaken, removing the particles of dirt and accumulated saliva. And then the harmonic will delight you for a long time.
Develop a sense of rhythm
If you have a natural feeling of rhythm - it's good, but it does not free you from working on a rhythmic picture of the work. Here you will come to the aid of the usual metronome. By the way, the analogues of the metronome can be easily found on the Internet. Having achieved certain success, do not stop and continue to master the complex types of rhythm, learn about the hearing to determine the size of the musical composition.
Lifting harmonica is very compact and convenient to carry it with me all the time. You can train at any free minute, you will feel significant progress and after a few months you will not recognize yourself.
Develop musical memory
Starting to learn the melody on notes or tabs, try at some point to break away from them and pay attention to the intonation. Play the memory by putting your soul into this work. At the same time, you will develop your musical rumor, every time the memorization will be easier to pass.
Accurate sound and original game manner
High-quality sound and good feeling of rhythm - the main thing for the master! His individuality show in variations on the topic of the melody, but the sound should be flawless!
The game of virtuosos is the best textbook for beginners. You should always have not only harmonic, but also audio recordings of your favorite melodies and musicians. Listen to them with every opportunity.
Play the collective
So you already play and improvise quite well, and here you are invited to the music team. The game in the team requires compliance with special rules: it is necessary to wait for the moment when you can solo, without interrupting other performers. A sign of the skill of the harmonist, which acts in the ensemble, is precisely in the ability to cooperate. If you provide another right to speak, they themselves also will not be aside.
Before buying the first harmonic, you will need to decide on the accordion of which type you are going to learn to play.
Light harmonicas are different. Mostly, it is determined by the fact that the performance of various works requires a certain system of harmonica (the location of the notes) in which it is convenient to play this work. For example, if you are going to play blues or country, you are suitable bluing diatonics. If jazz or classic - you need chromatics. With Russian-people friendly tremolo harmonic. If you are going to accompany the group, you may be suitable accordant or bass harmonica.
As a result, it turns out about this separation:
Blues harmonica
Blues harmonic - the most popular today. Usually it has 10 holes, each you can play on the breath (eng. draw.) And in exhalation (eng. blow.). With certain skills of the game, you can play chromatically with the help of special receptions - bend and inputs. Sold in different tones and settings, but the most common - C-DUR.
Chromatic lip harmonic
Chromatic harmonica ("chrome", "chromatics") makes it possible to play chromatically (i.e., use all notes) without using special techniques. As a rule, this uses the button ("Slider", "Valve") when you press the note shift on the halfthon in one direction or another, but there are chromatic harmonics without a slider, such as bass harmonics, or chord. The number of holes is usually 12-16. The large size and the presence of the button allows you to visually distinguish most of the tools from other types of harmonics. Most often used in such musical directions as blues, jazz, pop and classics.
Chromatics with a button invented by the German company Hohner is obvious on the basis of a diatonic blues harmonic at the beginning of the 20th century, the first models appeared around 1910.
Tremolo Harmonica
In tremolo harmonics, two sound plates sounding at the same time, slightly upset relative to each other, creating a tremol-effect. Thus, each note accounts for 2 tongues, and the sound is obtained more saturated. The presence of a note in the lower Octave allows you to fully play Russian melodies.
Octave harmonica
An octave harmonic is another kind of diatonics. There are two sound plates that sound at the same time, are defined precisely into the octave relative to each other. This gives a greater volume and other voice timbre.
Bass harmonic
Bass harmonic - actually two separate tools, one over the other connected by hinges on both sides. Each hole plays only in exhalation, and for each note - two sound plates configured to octave.
Accord harmonic
Accord harmonic, like bass harmonic, also consists of two moving fixed plates whose dual tongues are set to octave. But unlike bass harmonics, it has notes and exhale, and to inhale, which allows using different chords.
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Harmonic (Harmoshka) is a tongue key-pneumatic musical instrument with furs and two keyboard keyboards. The left keyboard is designed for accompaniment: when you press one button, a bass sounds or a whole chord. Melody played on the right keyboard.
Harmon-chrome
The basic is considered that the ancestor of this kind of harmony came to the central regions of Russia at the end of the 19th century from the Russian north and had the initial name "Northerkhan" (I won't say exactly, but maybe there is a Kirillov harmonica).
However, there are also some data that the harmony in type of chrome existed already in the 60s of the 19th century. So, there is a possibility that it is much older than we think.
In a person who has even some basic ideas about a touch letter, at the first acquaintance with the chrome, a completely natural question arises: why, in fact, this harmonic is called chromatic if it is found on the major gamma, which itself is diathonic (before -R-Mi-Fa-Sol-La-Si-Bhea) and does not contain digesters and bemoles, except for the three on top of the right keyboard? But the presence of these three halftones in the squeezing chrome does not give her the right to be called chromatic harmony! So Also, as not called chromatic, many other varieties of harmony, such as Saratov, for example, also having several chromatic stages made up of a keyboard.
The thing is that during the time when the harmonic chrome began to actively spread (the beginning of the 20th century), the accordion was invented, which, in fact, there is truly chromatic harmonics without any assumptions and concerns, as it has in each Oktave All 12 existing halftone- 7 main (included in the major gamut) and 5 additional. Duty harmonists of that time quickly noticed the similarity of the device of the button accordion and "nivhe". For them, it was almost the same thing, only on the accordion "Sounds of Beton." This creates the name of the "chrome" in this type of harmony.
Well, there is also a comic version of the origin of this name: the sound is chromas-because and chrome.
However, it is necessary to make a small, but important reservation: Now there are few who of ordinary harmonists knows about it, but even before the Great Patriotic War there were models of harmony-chrome, having 27 keys on the right keyboard, and not 25 (which was long taken for the standard ) Not three halftone, and in full, five, which gave it significantly higher performing opportunities compared to our current chromiums. It is for nothing in recent years, harmonic professionals actively acquire exactly such instruments that have an extended sound. To see in the hands of students of the Orlovsky composer and the teacher Yevgeny Derbenko, who wrote a lot of works precisely for such an extended, chrome.
But in the next, when the massive industrial production of harmony was widely developed and the choice was stopped on a chrome, as the most convenient for the game and easy to learn a variety of harmonics, someone ruled by an iron decision that the simple person does not need these two additional buttons, And the remaining three, and for more demanding there is a button accordion. It is possible that he was right: after all, in traditional execution in Russia (dance, dance), the chromatic steps of the skews were practically not applied, but probably it was worth leaving these two sounds and provide Harmonists themselves decide where to use them, and where is there.
By the way, there is an interesting solution for expanding the sounds of the usual chrome 25x25, which in the presence of some skills, it allows you to enrich it with two additional halftons: by a small alteration of the resonators of the right part, you need to shift the entire oscillating down into two buttons (naturally, you will have to get rid of the two highest sounds At the bottom of the keyboard, but they are so rarely used) and "put" into two top exhaust buttons voice strips adding two more chromatic steps. This can anyone who is familiar with the internal device of the sound of the harmony and has at least small joinery skills, But it is better, of course, contact the master.
The device of harmony-chrome in the context
Also, attempts to expand the sound capabilities of the chrome were taken by many masters. For example, the master designer A.A.Glagolav produced and prepared for mass production the harmony-chromium model, having a full chromatic sound, and reminding already, rather, bayan (with a tried right right The keyboard and five-row-left). But this sample did not go to the series and did not get wide walking.
The launch into mass production is the chrome, in fact, became the beginning of the end for all other types of Russian harmony, which, with flooding the market, cheap and, as already mentioned, simple in the development of harmony, began to gradually go out of consumption and the middle of the last century chrome became the most common in the middle of the last century The country, supplancing such wonderful, and having a well-deserved right not to be forgotten, the harmony, as a Russian wreath (or the harmony of the Russian system), Talyanka, Livenka, Saratovskaya, Yeletskaya and others ... Together with these harmonies, many naigry, which are gradually forgotten The most fully and colorfully sounded only on them, and when I was performed on the chrome, they lost their kogotit. You have to go on harmony with different sounds on Fur Sleep-Slender, Will-Neils have to make accents where they are most often no, and it comes -To unique pads executable melodies, especially dance and candidate.
Nizhny Novgorod chrome
But at the moment, from all types of harmony, it is the chrome dominates on stage and in everyday life.
Vyatskaya (or-Kirovskaya) Chrome
The chrome in itself also has several characteristic varieties that differ in both the external design and the sound. Harmony-chrome: Nizhny Novgorod (or Gorkovskaya), Vyatskaya (or Kirovskaya) and Kirillovskaya. Its from these species has a rather characteristic design and Very recognizable timbre, allowing even just for rumors to easily distinguish one of the other. All these harmonies are quite well common.
Vyatskaya Harmonica
In the 1840s, a rather major center appears in Vyatka province, where harmony was made. The rharomic fishery here founded the peasant from the village of Easturbation Oryolsky County Danila Danila. And most of the peasants who did not have arable land, the unloved family was engaged in the burladom. Danil served on one From the merchant barge, and Danila walked with him to the fair in Nizhny Novgorod, where the father bought him the first harmonica (it was then sixteen years old).
This harmonica broke this in a few days. For the help of Danil turned to the shop, where the tool was bought, and the master of the shop, Akim Vorontsov, fixing the broken voice, explained by Danile, as Harmonica was arranged and told about the ways to eliminate various breakdowns and defects.
Danila, being very inquisitive and capable boy, grabbed this science with a track and very quickly walked around the master, who reinforced the tools across the district. There was no name in customers from Danil, since the Tula Harmoshki, distributed at that time, in fact, everything The details of the harmonic, their appointment and the device, dislike in early 1844, began to independently making instruments. A copy of the Tula voice slats Danil could not, as they were made from a thick iron sheet, to make the outlook in which it was impossible, without having under hand specialized devices . Galp bargains at that time were made using two forged template clamps having through loops. Voice overwhelms in the bar, sandwiched between these templates, were knocked out with the help of a special bubbling, having a width of the Owl. It did not have such a means to order a blacksmith with these devices ... even if he knew about their existence ... he Simply knocked out voice outlook on an ax of an ax with an ordinary chisel, using more subtle brass bands as voice slats. In the future, the history of the development of harmony showed the correctness of such a decision, a lot that brass stacks had many advantages over the iron: they did not rust, better tolerated the peep temperatures, It was easier to handle, the correct system was maintained longer. But most importantly, the brass planks sounded better: the tool with such planks made a cleaner and strong sound. The tulle masters began to be used for the manufacture of copper slats, but only for expensive pieces of harmonies. In the future, when Vyatsky harmonious fishery received widespread development, Vyatsky masters also began to use copper planks.
People began to look at the sonorous and durable Vyatskaya harmonica, as opposed to the Tula accordion, but as a full-fledged musical instrument. Molded guys preferred to the local harmony, even though they were much more expensive than Tula.
Making his harmonics, Danila Nerubin had a good income and, fearing him to lose it, did not disclose his secrets. In the surrounding village wandered the boy-kale Ivan Krylosov, who had a nickname Ivan George (for the molding). He went to the dislike and I was sitting for a long time, watching the work of the master. He did not consider him for a competitor and at times, imperceptibly for himself, argued out loud, thereby familiarizing the boy with many details of his skill. Speaking for a while, Ivan Krylosov began working independently, becoming later famous Master . Cereals and dislikes then told this story themselves and, despite competition, began to give advice and guidelines to beginner masters.
The scheme of the right half-rope device of the Vyatka harmonica in the section: 1-vulture, 2-keys, 3-grid, 4-valves, 5,9-voice strips, tuned to octave above, 6,8-main voice strips, 7-voice strips, Customized to octave below, 10-movable leather loop for thumb
Peasants of several villages of Salegovsky parish were engaged in new fishery. In the village of Novosyul, under the city of Orlov, the production of harmonic was engaged in Stepan Fedotovich Novosylov, who worked with students. The workshop soon ranked the leading places in the number of harmonics produced Shelf, who previously engaged in the manufacture of sharp wooden dishes and was able to play on the violin. In 1856, harmonics began to do and Ivan Varaksin from the village of Varaksino. The sons and grandchildren also became famous masters. In fact, Vyatsky and Orlovsky county become the center of harmony
Vyatka harmonam in the Kirov Museum of Museum
fisheries in Vyatka province.
Vyatskaya Harmony in the Kirov Museum of Master Local Museum of the Master continued
improve your tools. For example, I began to produce harmonies that had the same sound on the shy furs, while maintaining the system of natural major. And to save a wide range of tool sound, increased the number of keys to twelve. The character of the sound has undergone changes: the wizard began to make two-haired harmonics , With the setting "into bottling", which made the sound stronger and colorful. Also, to these straps began to add voices sounding to octave above or lower or, even, voices configured in Quintu to the main. Went harmonics were supplied with register engines ( Up to five pieces), allowed the color of the color and the power of sound, by turning off or including votes in various combinations. The harmonic side of the harmonic has practically not changed. Therefore, the accompaniment of bass chord was added, only the Piskun pecking was added. At the beginning of the 20th century, In the upper part of the left half-row, two bell tapes were made, ringing with a special lever. When changing the direction of movement of fur, left with Toron sounded in different ways: at the expense, the tonic-bass chord sounded, with the coupling dominant.
Vyatskaya harmonic was used without shoulder straps, like most harmonic of the time. The vulture of the right keyboard was a small strap under the thumb, which moved up-down behind the brush of the playing. And the left side had a belt covering the wrist.
The production of harmonic has spread from the Vyatka province to Kazan. The production of Master-brothers in the Vyatka province, and then transferred the production to the Kazan province, and then transferred the production to the Kazan province: they were opened by the harmonious workshop in Kazan. The birth of Vyatskaya harmonics turned into Tatar, which is distributed and in our time.
Beautiful, juicy, peculiar sound of Vyatka harmonica did not leave indifferent and other nations of Russia: in particular, the whole group of Caucasian harmonic repeated the basic elements of Vyatka harmonics.
Vyatskaya harmonic in the original form meets now in the Kirov and Perm regions and adjacent territories in old harmonists and in amazing.
Livenskaya Harmonica
Livenskaya harmonic is one of the simplest, both in accessibility for the musician and in design, varieties of harmonic. The same date of her birth is unknown, but it was created in about the middle of the 19th century in the city of Livna (hence the name), Oryol province When the Tula Masters have already established the production of harmonics based on samples with the German Building, which had different sounds on the Silent Furi. The delicious masters have made a number of significant changes to their harmonics, compared with Tula, the main one of which was the same sound of each key to the SHIP And Fur Furies.
On its basis, later samples such as Vyatka and Yelets Piano Harmonies were created, and construction innovations were subsequently used in harmony-chrome and bayany. The delicate of squeezed by many writers and poets of their time and is often mentioned in the works of S. Jenin, L. Tolstoy , N.Leskova, I.Turgenev and others.
In the right keyboard of the Livensky harmonics, there were from 8 to 15 keys located in one row. As already mentioned, the sounds when changing the movement of fur on the livenka is the same. Delivered these harmonics usually two-way, sometimes three-haired. It is characterized by the octave sound of two straight planes with copper voices, and the upper bar has an open sound (even without an outer grid), and the sound of the lower plank is muffled by a special device (like the broken deck used in modern devices and some harmonies), which changes the voice timbre (see. Scheme). This gives a specific sound.
Cross-section of the right half-rope of Livensky harmony
Diagram of the device (in section) of the right side of the Livenki case: 1 - Curif, 2 - buttons, 3 - keyboard valves, 4 - Top voice Plank, 5 - Planks with voices configured to octave below, 6 - Resonator channel (Cosotto), 7 - Holes for air access to the resonator canal, 8 - leather loop, moving on a metal bracket.
In the left keyboard (right on the front of the housing) there were 6 and more special "paws", which were responsible for the sound of bass and were located very close to each other. This was done in order to press in one finger at once 2-3 "foot" .
On the back of the housing there were 2-3 keys that sounded in the second or first small octaves. At the same time, but in the upper part of the case, there was another "foot" -prom, sounding in the second octave, and a chamother's valve, which sounded in different ways on the shig and spare).
Livensky Harmoshka was used without a shoulder straps. And in the Yeetsky piano and Saratov harmonics, on the back of the griff, she had a leather strap for the thumb on the right hand. In the left side there was a narrow strap covering the brush of the left hand.
The spellings of the Livensky harmonics of various masters were distinguished. Some livenks with the 8th keys on the right keyboard had a range from the "salt" sheet of the first octave, to the notch "salt" of the second octave. Drug, with the 12th keys, from the note "to" the first Octaves, to the note "Salt" of the second octave.
Due to the small size of the body of the Livensky harmonics (approximately 25 cm in height and 8 cm in width), the masters had to increase the volume of the fur chamber due to the increase in the number of Borin (Fur folds). The livenki them can be up to 40 and the harmonist can wrap furs twice around the belt! Fur of such a length and give Livenka such originality and unusual. Why she also had a very original sound of bass, as if harmony in charge of the horn, cutlets or a pity. This is the merit of the special design of the bass building, which includes the "Chribers", "drums", "Piskuns" . All the bass names very accurately describe their sound.
Livensky harmonica very quickly gained popularity, thanks to its cheapness (and, therefore, accessibility) and simplicity of the design.
In 1964, the son of Ivan Zanina (one of the last masters who made Livensky harmonics) - Valentin decided to organize the ensemble "Livensky Harmonica". Instruments for the first composition of the ensemble, he collected in villages and villages. Later, the Livensky Master N. I. Nesterov was found in S. Bellastic with his student K. F. Kudryavy. They resumed repair and configuration of the livenk, and later settled and the full cycle of production of these harmonics, which became the base for the created ensemble.
The ensemble very quickly became popular and in 1970 he was first invited to Moscow to the Phillival of Folk Creativity. And since 1975, the performances of the ensemble in other countries began.
Valentina Zanina, as a manager, was changed by E. I. Moskvin, and then V. M. Demidov. At the present time, the ensemble does not lead active concert activities ... But he still exists, and with him there is a Livenskaya harmonic.
Harmonists, such as Pavel Uhanov, Gennady Kalmykov and others are played on the harmonies-Livenks and now.
Saratov harmonica
Masters of the Saratov province began to make such harmonics in the 60s of the 19th century. The constructions of them were Saratov harmonic was developed on the basis of the Russian "sequalpanks", but for some time the range was expanded to 20 sounds (10 buttons with different sound on a slot-split Furies). Concert tools, subsequently, had up to 12 buttons. The vaulting of these harmonics was adapted to perform popular local chastushk and tunes. Gradually, the harmonica became a five-rhodes that it was now the established standard. The functions were equipped with one or two additional frames for strength. The following keyboard had four buttons, instead of two on the "semitlap". The most characteristic of the Saratov distinguishing feature-presence of bells at the top and bottom of the left half-row, which rank when the extreme keys talked. Also, there was an air valve (at the top, under the thumb) for a silent air shutter from the fur. Sanitary harmonics were tuned in different In Major Lada
Sound of the Saratov harmonica
The device of Saratov harmonics is quite interesting. In the standard five-rolm instrument, the voice strips were located in this way: the main plank and the plank, configured to octave below, stood on a resonator that had access to a special resonator channel, which gave the sound characteristic timbre, configured to octave below the main , It could be disconnected using a register plate as needed. The only possibility of shutdown was done for the main plank.This, the worshi planks, configured to octave above the main, were installed directly on the deck. For the locations of the valves in different planes they were made double, one valve on each The lever was located outside the deck, the second-in the resonator channel. In addition, pressing one key opened two valves at once. The like design was later received the name "Loan Deca" and is currently widely used in professional tools, both the bayans and accordions and in the professional instruments Harmonies. Saratov harmonics were tuned to "in spill", which was their characteristic feature.
Harmonic - A common popular tool, which is the brightest representative of the collection of manual harmonics. From the Greek language, the accordion means "consonant", "harmonious", "slim". The tool belong to the tongue, keyboard, pneumonic, because the sound is extracted by the operation of the fur, which is between the separated parts of the housing, which are commonly called the left and right side. The keys are located on the right, and the harmony of the button, and this is the main difference, also professionals note the options for setting the sounding elements in "bottling".
It should be noted that there is an extensive concept - harmony, so called all the harmonics of manual type, which do not refer to the bayan and accordion. About these tools today and will be discussed.
History
There are various versions of the origin of harmony, but for one of them the first such tool was designed in Germany at the end of the XVIII century, the inventor was called K. Bushman.. A version of Russian origin also uses considerable popularity. It is believed that the greatest contribution to the development of the tool in the SIS space introduced academician Mirewho took up the improvement of harmony in 1783. At the same time, a new method of extracting sound, which invented F. Kirchik In the Czech Republic, the master who originally specialized in the repair, design and reconstruction of organs. In fact, the device is elementary: metal tongue, which vibrates under the action of air flow. Much depends on the thickness of the tongue, its position, as well as the material from which it is made.
Design
The design of all types of harmony is similar: left and right half-row, the left keyr field is used for accompaniment, the top row of the buttons - bass, the lower buttons are ready-made chords. The melody is played on the right side. The fur chamber, located between the parts of the case, is used to force the air, which affects the tongues that sound depending on how the buttons control the buttons and the Musician fur. Of course, when playing a lot depends on the artist.
On some tools there are switches to play on the left not chords, but notes of a lower register. Each company, every master - manufactures specific tools, so such a great difference in the form, structure and features of the sound of various harmonies. Nowadays, electronic technologies are used that allow you to embed a "whole orchestra" in the harmony, most often the information processes the computer processor and the device as a whole is only half acoustic. Such tools are considerable popularity due to their wonderful sound quality.
Music features of harmony
Harmony are in kind of unique toolsEach tool has a certain (or several) tonalities, most often it is a major gamut and major chords, although in some case there is a minor. Most often there are harmonics that can only play in a diatonic series, although in rare cases you can meet models where the performer is provided with chromatic gamma - they are called "chrome". It must be admitted that it is much more complicated to play on them, since the likelihood of getting into the dissonance increases sharply. If you compare harmonics, for example, with a bayan, then the main difference is that harmony is much less octave: usually enough two, also smaller dimensions.
Views
Interestingly, all European and Russian harmonies can be divided into two large groups of sound recovery. The fact is that when stretching the fur, the tongue can emit one sound or two - depending on the direction of the camera movement - on stretching or compression. We note which accordions belong to first typewhere the direction of movement of the half row does not matter:
- livenka;
- russian wreath;
- chrome and others.
Second Type It is more difficult to use, but this does not mean that such harmonies are less common - on the contrary, only they are used in some cities and areas, we will list the main ones:
- talolak;
- turtle;
- tula;
- vyatka et al.
There may also be a location of the buttons on the right keyboard and their total number, usually the buttons are considered to be rows, indicating how much in each of them. Most often you can meet two-row modelsSince the two octaves are quite enough to play almost any folk or pop melody, a song.
Tula Harmonic, Talyanka, Saratovskaya
Tula chromatic harmony in the official version invented N. Beloborodov and L. StulakovNow there is a factory "Tula Harmonic", where you can buy tools both personally and order via the Internet. These tools are in demand and are very popular due to their qualities: the possibilities of the tool are wide - and it can be used for classes in a music school, in a school, in the conservatory. The second place in demand in the people is occupied by Talyank, abbreviated from the "Italian", on the right keyboard only 15 or less buttons, and on the left three, emitting the bell ringing. The uniqueness of the instrument is that there are no analogues in the world. Another interesting harmonica Saratovskaya, it is also considered folk and unlikely where else can be found such a design, it also has buttons with bells, but it is variable.
Children's harmonica
Often buy children's accordions, which are created specifically for children - to develop the rumor, play them very simply, as a rule, they have only one tonality and the minimum number of buttons. Some children start with such a tool, and then enter the Music School of Bayan or Accordion. In addition, adults will also be interested in playing such a harmonica, it Great gift for any holiday. It must be remembered that the harmony is very different, and they are not so easy to play: if the musician has mastered one tool, it does not mean that he can play on another type of harmonica. At the same time, not only construction, but also the techniques of the game on certain models. It is best to choose (especially newcomer) the easiest option and gradually go to more complex.
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Listen to harmony Chastushki under harmonica Alexey Vorobiev Apple Labutena Gypsy Suffering Harmonica Bloom harmonicaExcerpt from the dissertation S.A. Vomerova "Harmonico-bayan art of the Nizhny Novgorod region: the formation, development, the current state"
Nizhny Novgorod harmonies have their own individual technical and acoustic characteristics. One of the bright distinguishing features is located right on the "facade" of the tool (the facial part of the right half-row) - as an individual stamp, the initials of the wizard are indicated here. At the "Facade", Nizhny Novgorod masters were manufactured and an individual cabinet decoration. Thanks to this, it was visually to know what the master belongs to this tool. Individuals were not only the decorations themselves: the value of the amount of rent on the body, the fastening of the belts, the case processing with metal, drawing of the lattices, etc.
Since the late 80s, two-row, and then three-row-round harmonics, called the St. Petersburg, began to spread in St. Petersburg. The formation of the appearance of the St. Petersburg harmonics was under the influence of foreign samples, which were received in St. Petersburg in a fair amount.
Historically (at the end of the XIX - the first half of the XX centuries), the exalt of the existence of Petersburg harmonics included Northern Belarus, Estonia, Latgaley, Lithuania, Pskov, Leningrad, Novgorod and North Tver Region, West Vologda, Karelia, that is, almost the entire Eastern Baletic region. The entry of this region into the Russian Empire and its geographical proximity to St. Petersburg led to cultural interchange with the capital, which, in particular, contributed to the spread of musical instruments.
