Eid al-Fitr- a long-awaited holiday, the day when Muslims around the world congratulate each other on the end of the month of fasting - blessed Ramadan. This is a day that unites the entire great Muslim ummah of planet Earth, a holiday when everyone, without exception, rejoices and has fun. This is a holiday that is officially a day off in all Islamic countries, so that Muslims can meet each other, congratulate each other, visit relatives, relax and fully enjoy this holiday.
Eid al-Fitr gathers the family around the festive table, those who were away try to return home for the holiday, those who work, complete everything by the beginning of the holiday, because the unity is observed brighter, because the houses and streets are full of people who go to congratulate each other Happy holiday of breaking the fast.
Uraza Bayram is a holiday of joy, happiness, smiles, and good mood. First of all, on this day, Muslims turn to their Lord, Allah Almighty, with a prayer that He accepts their fast, all the good deeds and intentions committed in this month. We ask the same for ourselves and for other Muslims; when we meet, we wish this and in response we hear “Amen,” and we hope that the Creator, by His mercy, will accept our worship. This day is filled with deepest faith on the part of the believers as the festive day begins with prayers and the whole day is filled with this divine grace.
Eid al-Fitr holiday begins with collective prayer in the mosques of any locality. An hour or two after sunrise, the mosques are filled with Muslims who read the takbir loudly and in one voice, after which they perform the holiday prayer.
Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “ When the holiday prayer was completed, one of the angels said: “Let everyone know that the Lord has forgiven you. So return to your homes with joy. Today is reward day.” And this is also proclaimed in heaven ».
Note that takbir, that is, the words “ Allahu akbar, Allahu akbar, Allahu akbar, la ilaha illallahu wa Allahu akbar wa lillahi-l hamd ”, begin to sound from the previous day after evening prayer. They indicate that Ramadan has come to an end, and tomorrow is declared a holiday. Muslims, some in mosques and some at home, wait for the takbir, and after it begins to sound, they congratulate each other on the holiday. The takbir continues to sound until the beginning of the holiday prayer.
As mentioned above, the main essence of the holiday is that Muslims thank Allah Almighty for being able to fast for a month, since it is the third pillar of Islam. Muslims thank their Lord for being able to perform godly deeds. They are grateful that during this time they were able to at least a little atone for their mistakes, improve their character, and leave behind some addictions that do not correspond to religion.
Eid al-Fitr is also unique because that on this day both rich and poor rejoice equally. Wealthy Muslims often time the payment of obligatory zakat to coincide with this month and holiday, which allows indigent brothers and sisters to celebrate the holiday with dignity, set the table and welcome guests.
Mercy, which is so welcomed in Islam and encouraged by Allah Almighty, is fully manifested both during the month of Ramadan itself and on the bright holiday of Eid al-Fitr. The feelings and emotions of believers overwhelm their hearts and souls, because they were waiting for this day, they were hungry and thirsty for the sake of their Lord, and now He generously rewards them.
The holiday of breaking the fast brings all relatives together, those who may not have been seen for months will definitely be seen on this day, everyone goes to visit, invites them to their place.
Eid al-Fitr - the holiday of friendship, mutual respect, understanding, love, forgiveness, brotherhood.
The holiday of breaking the fast is a bridge to another equally great Muslim holiday, Eid al-Adha - Kurban Bayram. It won't be long to wait, about two and a half months. These holidays follow each other, and this is the special mercy of Allah. First, Muslims fast, then begin to prepare for the greatest journey of their lives - a pilgrimage to the shrines of Mecca and Medina.
If you think about it, you don’t really need to strive for that same unity, since Allah Himself has already laid it down: the month of Ramadan, the holiday of Eid al-Fitr, preparation for the Hajj, the Hajj itself, the holiday of Eid al-Adha, then follows the month of Rabi-ul Awwal, Rajab, Sha'ban and Ramadan again. All great events are arranged by the Wise Allah in such a way that the unity of Muslims is not interrupted, because each of these events is very significant, has great meaning and significance, and if Muslims themselves approach this correctly, then they are always united, members of the Muslim ummah breathe in time with each other with each other, as one organism, as one big and united heart.
Eid al-Fitr carries a huge spiritual charge, one common joy. On this day, Muslims say goodbye to the month they have been waiting for a whole year, and ask the Lord not to deprive them of the opportunity to celebrate Ramadan next year. On this day, believers sum up their behavior, their deeds, their mercy, which they demonstrated on blessed days.
Fasting on a holiday is prohibited; on this day only joy and fun should be present in the heart of a Muslim. After congratulating the imam of the mosque and performing collective holiday prayers, Muslims begin to congratulate each other. With such pleasant impressions, the mosque parishioners go home from there to begin visiting their neighbors and relatives with words of congratulations, with wishes for fasting, peace and tranquility to each of us.
Even from the evening or on a holiday before prayer, Muslims pay, which is distributed among needy believers. It is also advisable to visit cemeteries the day before.
Directly on the holiday itself, the Ulama recommend that Muslims: get out of bed early, perform a complete ablution of the body, put on the best and most beautiful clothes, perfume themselves with incense, have breakfast before the holiday prayer with something sweet, then go to greet Muslims, show joy and cheerfulness, go to guests, congratulate the believers on the holiday, wishing them that Allah would accept their fast.
Children remain involved. They are looking forward to this day with great anticipation. In different countries of the world this day is celebrated in different ways; in some places parents organize real cultural outings for their children, walks in parks, attractions, swings, and carousels. All kinds of playgrounds open for the holiday. An important attribute is the sweets that children receive on the day of the holiday; other gifts are also given.
Any good traditions that have developed with the celebration of Eid al-Fitr are good, because the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) loved when Muslims rejoice, and he praised giving gifts to each other. " And give each other gifts ", says the hadith. Muslims follow this good beginning and please themselves, their family, relatives, friends.
Eid al-Fitr is the logical end of the month of Ramadan, but doing good deeds does not end with the holiday, ibadah does not end, on the contrary, we must do this with even greater zeal in order to achieve the satisfaction of our Creator.
Eid al-Fitr falls on the first day. The hadith speaks of the desirability of fasting for six days and this month. Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “ One who fasts during Ramadan and then fasts for six days of Shawwal will receive a reward equal to one year's fasting. " It is advisable to observe this fast immediately after the holiday, although it is allowed on any other days of this month and it is considered important to observe these six days in a row.
Of course, each of us is happy and sad at the same time, because we are celebrating such a great holiday, but we regret that the blessed days are over and now we will have to wait exactly a year, and if it is the will of Allah Almighty, we will once again taste all the mercy of the sacred month of Ramadan.
In the meantime, let's congratulate each other on Eid al-Fitr. As reported in a hadith from Jabir bin Nafir: “ When meeting on Eid, the companions of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said to each other: “May Allah accept from us and from you.” ».
We will congratulate our brothers and sisters with the same wonderful words, following the Sunnah of our Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him).
This holiday and the sacrifice performed during it, as well as the obligatory zakat tax and holiday prayers, became part of the religious practice of Muslims in the 2nd year of the Hijri.
Verses from the Koran about Kurban Bayram:
“Allah (God, Lord) made the Kaaba, the Sacred House, a support for people [support in acquiring earthly and eternal blessings]. And also the sacred months [Zul-qa'da, Zul-hija, al-Muharram and Rajab], and the sacrificial animal [whose meat is distributed to the poor and needy during the pilgrimage], and decorations [with which people marked these animals to distinguish them from ordinary] . [The Lord intended good in all this.] This is so that you understand: God knows everything that is in heaven and everything that is on Earth. He is knowledgeable about every thing” ();
“We [says the Lord of the Worlds] made a sacrificial animal (camel and she-camel) [as well as a bull and a cow, each of which is slaughtered from seven people, unlike rams and sheep, which are from only one] a ritual, in it is good for you [worldly and eternal]. Mention the name of God over him [at slaughter]. [If you perform this process on camels] leave them standing on their feet [preferably on three legs]. And when [after the bulk of the blood has escaped] they fall [when it is obvious that the animal has given up its soul, you can begin to cut up the carcass], and with the resulting meat, feed yourself and feed the poor who does not ask [being content with what little is available], as well as the one who asks . Understand, We have subordinated them [livestock, and all animals] to serve you [for example, the same camels, despite their strength and power, are humble during a process that is fatal to them], so be grateful [for this to the Creator , who laid down certain laws and patterns in nature]” ();
“Pray to your Lord [performing a holiday prayer] and sacrifice [an animal]” ().
Some hadiths about Eid al-Adha:
“The best deed before the Almighty on the days of the festival of sacrifice is the bleeding of a sacrificial animal. Verily, this animal will come with its horns, hooves and hair on the Day of Judgment [a living witness to the perfect rite]. And his blood will be magnified before the Lord even before its drops have time to fall to the ground. May your souls be at peace" ;
“The Messenger of God sacrificed two horned rams. He pressed his feet against their side. Saying “Bismillahi, Allahu Akbar,” he sacrificed them with his hand.”
Exalting the Almighty during the holidays
During the holiday of Eid al-Fitr, it is desirable (sunnah) to exalt and praise the Almighty throughout all four holiday days after each obligatory prayer, especially if believers perform the next obligatory prayer together.
“Mention Allah (God, Lord) on certain (established) days [on the days of Eid al-Adha: 10, 11, 12 and 13 of the month of Dhul-Hijjah. Give special attention to this act (praising the Creator after obligatory prayers, prayers, and not only)” (see).
The first prayer, after which the takbirs are pronounced, is the morning prayer (Fajr) on the ninth day of the month of Dhul-Hijjah, that is, and so on until the twenty-third prayer, that is, the afternoon (‘Asr) prayer on the fourth day of the holiday. Exalting the Lord before the holiday prayer (on the way to the mosque or while waiting for prayer already in the mosque) is desirable both on Eid al-Adha and on Eid al-Adha. The most common form of praise is the following:
Transliteration:
“Allahu akbar, Allahu akbar, laya ilahe illal-lah, wal-lahu akbar, Allahu akbar, wa lil-lyahil-hamd.”
اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ . اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ . لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ اللَّهُ .و اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ . اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ . وَ لِلَّهِ الْحَمْدُ.
Translation:
“Allah (God, Lord) is above all, Allah is above all; there is no god but Him. Allah is above all, Allah is above all, and only to Him is true praise."
Answers to questions about Eid al-Adha
How is this holiday celebrated?
This day is usually a day off. People try to invite guests and visit loved ones and relatives.
By the way, the word “kurban” in the Muslim tradition (as well as in the Jewish) refers to everything that brings a person closer to God. On this holiday, there is a ritual slaughter of an animal, implying a spiritual appeal to the Creator.
What is this tradition associated with?
It is directly related to the event that happened to the prophet Abraham. By Divine Revelation he was ordered to sacrifice his son Ismail (Ishmael), who was born to Abraham at a very old age (at 86 years old) and was, by earthly standards, a miracle: children are usually not born to such elderly parents. Despite all the love for the child, his holiness and the long-awaited support on his part in old age, Abraham, having discussed God’s command with his son, who obediently agreed with him, came to the appointed place. When everything was ready, a voice was heard: “Truly, this is an obvious test! [You have successfully overcome it]." The sacrifice of a son was replaced by a sacrificial animal, and Abraham was granted the successful birth of his second son, Isaac (Isaac).
What is the humanistic meaning?
By this, the Almighty showed: to become closer to God, human sacrifice is not required. And the animal world is in the obedient service of people, which implies its intended use, care, and environmental protection.
What rituals need to be performed?
From one family (from one family budget) slaughter one lamb. Time: immediately after the holiday prayer and before sunset on the third day (according to Shafi'i theologians, on the fourth day). The best day is the first day.
How many days does this holiday last?
Four days.
What is the duty of a believer on this holiday?
It is to find in one’s essence (spacious, sometimes dark and impenetrable) a treasure called “piety”, and this means avoiding the clearly forbidden (alcohol, adultery; lies, slander) and performing the obligatory to the best of one’s strength and ability (consistency in good , helping the weak; prayer, fasting, zakat). This treasure, if we find it within ourselves, will seriously enrich us and help us live harmoniously and happily, especially in times of turmoil and adversity.
The Koran says:
“[Understand!] Neither the meat of a sacrificial animal nor its blood will ever reach Allah (God), but the piety that comes from you reaches Him [and therefore the state of the soul, the mood is important, and not the meat that you yourself and eat it]. In the same way [as you see it with your own eyes], it [the animal intended for slaughter] is subordinate to you [calm and humble in front of what is happening, and, as usual, is a source of meat and skin for you]. And this [including] so that you [pausing at times in your endless worries or becoming more active during periods of indifference, laziness and idleness, look around, breathe deeply] and exalt the Creator for the right path along which He has provided you with the opportunity go.
[In this fleeting stream of life, steadily bringing you closer to death] please noble[who is such in his deeds and actions. Good news for them about worldly happiness and a heavenly abode in eternity]” ().
The pre-holiday day is also noteworthy. What is the best thing to do on this day?
The pre-holiday day is the day of standing on Mount Arafat. For everyone except pilgrims, it is useful to fast, because the reward for fasting on this day is so great that it neutralizes the minor sins of two years.
At what time is the holiday prayer performed?
It takes place approximately 40 minutes after sunrise.
What is the level of obligation to sacrifice an animal?
Most of the authoritative Muslim scholars, including Hanafi theologians (Abu Yusuf and Muhammad) and Shafi'i theologians, said that sacrificing an animal during the festival of sacrifice is desirable (sunnah muakkyada). Abu Hanifa, Zufar and al-Hasan from among the scholars of the Hanafi madhhab stated that this is obligatory (wajib).
By having the necessary material resources, Hanafi theologians mean the material condition of a person who is subject to the requirement to pay zakat. Shafi'i theologians believe that whoever has the means for himself and his family for four holiday days, and in addition to this he still has the amount with which he can purchase a sacrificial animal, he acquires it and sacrifices it.
What should be the intention?
Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings of God be upon him), when he sacrificed a ram with the name of the Creator on his lips, praising Him, with the intention of getting closer (qurba) to God, said: “O Allah! This is from Muhammad and his family."
Is it necessary to perform the sacrifice yourself? Is it possible to ask someone else to do this?
It is advisable (sunnah) to do it yourself: pronounce the intention, say “Bismillah, Allahu Akbar” and cut the main arteries. If there is a complete lack of skill and fear, a believer can ask another to do this, but on the condition that he himself be present during the sacrifice. The Prophet Muhammad, when sacrificing a ram on behalf of his daughter Fatima, asked her to be present during the ceremony: “Wait and look at your sacrificial animal. Truly, all your sins will be forgiven you with the fall of the first drop of his blood.” In cases where there is no possibility of being present, the person states his intention, transfers the cost of the sacrificial animal and asks that it be sacrificed on his behalf.
If the person performing the sacrifice is a woman, then it is desirable (sunnah) for her to ask one of the men to sacrifice an animal on her behalf.
What should the sacrificial animal be like?
The opinion of theologians is unanimous that sacrificial animals can be camels, buffalos, bulls or cows, as well as rams, sheep and goats. Age: camels - five years or more; buffalos, bulls and cows - two years or more; rams, sheep and goats one year old and older.
Defects the presence of which makes it unacceptable to sacrifice an animal: blindness in one eye or both; excessive thinness; lameness, in which the animal cannot independently reach the place of sacrifice; missing most of an eye, ear, or tail; lack of teeth.
Flaws that are acceptable: horns missing from birth or partially broken; castration.
We know that one cow can be sacrificed by seven people or families. Is it possible to consider the deceased one of these seven? If so, will he benefit from it?
Hanafi theologians say that this is permissible. If the sacrifice is performed by the children of the deceased, the likelihood of benefit for him is maximum. If this is done by friends or relatives of the deceased, who consider him to be the seventh, then it is also possible that a reward will be credited in his favor in eternity. Shafi'i theologians consider it impossible to perform a sacrifice on behalf of the deceased, unless he asked for it in his will.
Answering the question regarding the possibility of distribution cost sacrificial animal as alms without direct sacrifice, one of the modern theologians notes: “Distributing the value is not encouraged, since replacing the sacrifice with paying the cost of the sacrificial animal can lead to the loss and oblivion of one of the sunnahs (desirable actions), which has been observed since the times the prophet Abraham himself. However, if the sacrifice is made on behalf of the deceased so that the reward is credited to him, and this happens where a large number of people make sacrifices, then distributing the value of the sacrificial animal to the poor and needy is permissible.”
Are there any time limits for the ritual of sacrifice?
The time to perform it comes immediately after the completion of the holiday prayer, and it ends shortly before sunset on the third day. The best day is the first day. This ritual can be performed at any time of the day. If a believer sacrifices an animal before the earliest Eid prayer in one of the city's mosques is completed, then it is not counted as a sacrificial animal, but is treated as an ordinary animal slaughtered for meat. In a city or village where there is no mosque and holiday prayer is not performed, the time of sacrifice begins with the appearance of dawn.
Should the holiday prayer and sacrifice be performed again if in some area they made a mistake in determining the day and did everything necessary a day earlier than expected?
Repeated prayers and sacrifices should not be made.
Can a person make a sacrifice later if he did not have time to do it on the appointed days?
If a believer did not have time to purchase a ram and make a sacrifice on the allotted days, and he had the necessary material resources, then he no longer makes the sacrifice, but will be able to distribute funds equal to the cost of the animal to the poor and needy if he wants to receive the Lord's reward (savab ) from this godly act.
I heard that those who are going to sacrifice a ram should not cut their nails and hair, is that true?
It is advisable (sunnah) for a person who is going to make a sacrifice during the holiday not to cut his hair or trim his nails during the first ten days of the month of Dhul-Hijjah and before the ritual of slaughter. This is due to drawing a certain parallel with believers who make pilgrimages these days to the sacred places of Mecca and Medina and also do not cut their nails and hair.
Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings of the Creator) said: “If the month of Dhul-Hijjah has begun and one of you is going to make a sacrifice, let him not cut his nails and hair.” Cutting hair and nails at this time is considered undesirable action (makruh).
But, if this creates certain inconveniences for a person, for example due to the nature of his activity, then he, without a doubt, can confidently shave and get a haircut. Canonically, undesirability is overridden by even minor necessity.
Is it enough for a family to sacrifice one ram?
Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) addressed the believers: “O people! One family needs to sacrifice one ram once a year.” It is also reported that 'Ata ibn Yasar asked the companion of the Prophet Muhammad Abu Ayyub al-Ansari about how exactly during the time of the Messenger the sacrifice was carried out on the holiday of Eid al-Adha, to which he replied: “In the time of the Prophet, a man sacrificed [on the holiday Kurban Bayram] from yourself and your house (your family) one ram. They ate the meat themselves and treated others to it. This continued until people began to brag to each other and came to what you can see today." There are some opinions that Can sacrifice one ram from each family member, but the slaughter of one ram from one financially capable family once a year is considered sufficient. And this is done on one of the days of the holiday of sacrifice (‘Idul-adha, Kurban Bayram).
The famous muhaddith al-Shavkyani said on this matter: “The essence and truth in this matter is the sufficiency of one ram per family indicated in the Sunnah, even if it consists of a hundred people or more.”
If a believer made a vow before God to sacrifice a certain cow or a certain ram on the days of the Feast of Sacrifice, but the animal died before the due date, is the owner of the dead animal considered a debtor to the Lord?
If the animal died a natural death, then its owner owes nothing. If he himself sold it or slaughtered it for meat, then he is obliged to fulfill his vow before God by buying an animal of the same value and sacrificing it on one of the days of the Feast of Sacrifice.
What to do with the skin of a sacrificial animal?
What to do with the skin of a sacrificial animal in Moscow? Can we just leave her at the slaughterhouse? Magomed.
Selling the skin of a sacrificial animal is prohibited. Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings of God be upon him) warned: “Whoever sells the skin of a sacrificial animal, it [the sacrificial animal] will not be counted [as sacrificial].” The skin can be given to someone, donated, for example to the poor, you can keep it for personal use or exchange it for another thing. If the skin is nevertheless sold, then the proceeds must be distributed as alms.
It is not allowed to pay the butcher with the skin of a sacrificial animal. Imam ‘Ali said: “The Prophet Muhammad ordered me to distribute the meat and skin of a sacrificial animal as alms. And he ordered not to give the butcher [who sacrificed her] any part of the animal [as payment].”
As for the conditions of Moscow or another city in the Russian Federation or the CIS, you can leave the skin at the slaughterhouse without claiming a discount because of it, but donate it free of charge.
Does revealing the pregnancy of the sacrificial animal violate the slaughter ritual? What to do with the embryo?
The ritual of sacrifice is not violated. The main arteries of the embryo are also cut, but they are not eaten, but buried.
How long should the meat of a sacrificial animal be used?
Initially, the Prophet (may the Almighty bless him and greet him) ordered that all meat be consumed and distributed within three days, that is, not left for long-term storage. However, he later canceled this instruction: “I ordered you to eat the meat within three days, but now you can eat it as you wish.”
How many parts is the meat of a sacrificial animal divided into?
The meat of the sacrificial animal is divided into three parts: one is for the poor, the second is for distribution to neighbors or for treating relatives and friends, and the third is left at home for later consumption. It is desirable that what is distributed to the poor and needy should be at least a third of the total amount. Selling the meat of a sacrificial animal is strictly prohibited. If a person wishes, he can give away everything except a small part, which he will keep for himself and his family as “tabarruq” (asking for blessings from the Almighty).
Is it possible to raise sheep specifically for sale on the Feast of Sacrifice?
The production of what is permitted (halal) and the trade in it are encouraged in Islam and are one of the main forms of income.
In our family, each member makes a certain significant contribution to the overall family budget, although still half of the expenses come from the funds of my parents. Me, my sister and her son live with our parents. Each of us has our own income, part of which we spend on family needs, as I noted above, and the rest at our own discretion.
Should we sacrifice one lamb for the whole family or should everyone slaughter a lamb on their own behalf? Tell me what to do right?
If you have three independent budgets (each has its own savings, accumulations), and these budgets overlap in some way, then each of them must make a sacrifice on established holidays, if the amount of available funds meets the previously mentioned criteria.
Is it possible to give gifts on Eid al-Fitr and other Islamic holidays to remind loved ones, especially those who do not observe the canons of religion, about the holiday? Ivan.
Yes, of course, it is possible and necessary.
I heard that you can fast for ten days before Eid al-Adha. Could you tell us more about this (according to the Hanafi madhhab)? Bekbolat, Kazakhstan.
It's possible, but nothing more. The main thing is to fast on the day of ‘Arafah. For more information, see the materials “Eid al-Fitr (briefly)” and “Additional days of fasting.”
What should young families do who, for example, due to lack of necessary material resources, cannot observe this ritual? How can they celebrate and celebrate Eid al-Adha? Zarina.
Create a cozy festive atmosphere at home and give gifts to your children and loved ones.
1. Today I was told that a lamb needs to be sacrificed only from one person, that is, if the wife is under the guardianship of her husband, then the husband can make a sacrifice for himself and for his wife. If the wife works, then she herself must buy the lamb. Is it true?
2. I live alone, I just graduated from college. My family now is my parents. Should I make a separate sacrifice, since I work and can more or less provide for myself?
1. It’s not true, one Kurban is from one family, from one family budget.
2. According to the scholars of the Hanafi madhhab, you do not need to slaughter a sacrificial animal; it will be enough if your father slaughters one lamb from your family, including you.
If for some reason a Muslim did not fast the day before Eid al-Adha, is it possible to make up for this? Maybe you need to fast on other days, after a holiday for example? A.
No, no, this post is not replenished.
What prayer should be performed during the Shia Eid al-Fitr holiday?
Both Shiites and Sunnis perform Eid prayer early in the morning of this day. There are no particular differences in how it is accomplished.
My son-in-law wants to slaughter a sheep for Kurban for his four-year-old son. Will this be right? Alfia.
The main thing is one Kurban from one family budget. If your son-in-law wants to carry out the slaughter specifically on behalf of his four-year-old son, then I do not see any direct canonical obstacles to this.
Is it possible to bring money for Kurban to the mosque on Poklonnaya Hill (for example, throw it in a box in a marked envelope)? This is very important for me. We have big problems with carrying out slaughters in our city. You need to find an animal, ask a person who can do everything correctly. Moreover, it is difficult to find Muslims to whom it could be distributed. Maybe the mosque organizedly sends money to rural areas where there are people in need? Elmira, Kursk.
If you bring it to our mosque, throw it in a box marked “Kurban” and indicating your name and patronymic at least a week before the holiday, then we will transfer this money to one of the charitable organizations that slaughters and distributes meat to the needy. If there are similar Muslim organizations in your city, then contact them. The culture of organized slaughter and distribution of meat to those in need, such as students, orphans, the disabled or the elderly, is gradually emerging in Russia. In other states this practice was and still is.
We live in Surgut. Can we send money for a ram to Dagestan so that a ram from our family can be slaughtered and distributed to those in need? Here we don’t know who to give it to, but there are many needy families at home. Aruvzat.
Yes, of course. You can do this, the main thing is to send the money in advance or have the appropriate agreement so that the slaughter process is carried out exactly on the days of the holiday.
Is it possible to slaughter a bull that is a little less than two years old on Kurban? Bilal.
The opinion of theologians is unanimous that sacrificial animals can be camels, buffalos, bulls or cows, as well as rams, sheep and goats. Age: camels - five years or more; buffalos, bulls and cows - two years or more; rams, sheep and goats - aged a year and older.
Is there any benefit from the blood of a sacrificial animal slaughtered on Eid al-Adha? In Chechnya they smear it on their forehead, cheeks, and nose. Ismail.
There is no canonical validity for this action, and therefore it can only be attributed to local tradition.
Are there any norms in Sharia that prescribe (recommend) the performance of the Kurban ritual in the name of the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings of the Almighty be upon him). If not, then where did this tradition among Russian Muslims come from? Sayar.
There are no norms recommending such an action in the Muslim canons. I don’t know when and why this tradition appeared. I assume that this is some form of people’s gratitude to God’s final messenger. But there is no need to practice such an innovation.
There is an intention to donate a lamb (slaughter) to an orphanage. Are there any rituals or du'a for this occasion? Daulet.
There are no special rituals or prayers for this occasion. You carry out the slaughtering process as usual on behalf of yourself and your family, or you entrust it to the appropriate fund, after which the meat will be transferred to the orphanage.
See: an-Naysaburi M. Sahih Muslim [Code of Hadiths of Imam Muslim]. Riyadh: al-Afkar ad-Dawliyya, 1998. pp. 818, 819, hadith 39–(1977); al-Zuhayli V. Al-fiqh al-Islami wa adilyatuh. In 11 vol. T. 4. P. 2704; al-Shavkyani M. Neil al-avtar. In 8 vols. T. 5. P. 119, hadith No. 2090 and an explanation to it; al-Qurtubi A. Talkhys sahih al-imam Muslim. T. 2. P. 905.
Hadith from Abu Hurayrah; St. X. Hakim and al-Baykhaki. See: As-Suyuty J. Al-jami' as-sagyr. P. 520, Hadith No. 8554.
If a sacrifice falls into the obligatory category, for example, a vow (nazr) was made before the Almighty that “if a certain event occurs, I will sacrifice an animal on the festival of sacrifice,” and this happened, then the person is obliged give everything away, including skin, to relatives, friends and the poor. See: Al-Khatib al-Shirbiniy Sh. Mughni al-mukhtaj. T. 6. P. 140; Muhammad ibn Suleiman A. Majma' al-anhur fi sharh multaqa al-abhur. T. 2. P. 519.
See: Amin M. (known as Ibn ‘Abidin). Radd al-mukhtar. T. 6. P. 328; al-Margynani B. Al-hidaya. T. 2. Part 4. P. 409.
Hadith from 'Ali; St. X. al-Bukhari and Muslim. See: Al-Shavkyani M. Neil al-avtar. T. 5. pp. 136, 137, hadith No. 2127; Amin M. (known as Ibn ‘Abidin). Radd al-mukhtar. T. 6. P. 328, 329.
See: Al-Khatib al-Shirbiniy Sh. Mughni al-mukhtaj. T. 6. pp. 139–141.
See: Al-Shavkyani M. Neil al-avtar. T. 5. P. 136, Hadith No. 2128.
See: Al-Margynani B. Al-hidaya. T. 2. Part 4. P. 409; Amin M. (known as Ibn ‘Abidin). Radd al-mukhtar. T. 6. P. 328.
See: Al-Shavkyani M. Neil al-avtar. T. 5. pp. 136, 137, hadith no. 2128.
See: An-Nawawi Ya. Minhaj al-Talibin wa ‘umda al-muftin fi al-fiqh. P. 321; al-Qaradawi Y. Fatawa mu'asyra. T. 1. P. 396.
Camels, buffaloes, bulls and cows are equal to seven rams, that is, no more than seven families can participate in the sacrifice of one cow. Hanafi theologians specify: each of those participating must be a Muslim and have the intention of making a sacrifice. Shafi'i theologians are not categorical about this. See: Al-Shavkyani M. Neil al-avtar. T. 5. P. 128; Muhammad ibn Suleiman A. Majma' al-anhur fi sharh multaqa al-abhur. T. 2. P. 519; al-Margynani B. Al-hidaya. T. 2. Part 4. P. 404; al-Khatib ash-Shirbiniy Sh. Mughni al-mukhtaj. T. 6. P. 130; al-Zuhayli V. Al-fiqh al-Islami wa adilyatuh. In 11 vols. T. 4. P. 2713.
Hanafi theologians admit the possibility of slaughtering a ram that is six months or more old, but has reached the size of a one-year-old, for which they have justification from the Sunnah of the Prophet. See: Az-Zuhayli V. Al-fiqh al-Islami wa adilyatuh. In 11 vols. T. 4. P. 2723; al-Margynani B. Al-hidaya. T. 2. Part 4. P. 408.
Shafi'i theologians believe that goats and goats are sacrificed starting from two years of age and beyond. See: Al-Khatib ash-Shirbiniy Sh. Mughni al-mukhtaj [Enriching the needy]. In 6 vols. Egypt: al-Maktaba at-tawfiqiya, [b. G.]. T. 6. P. 129.
عيد الأضحى Feast of Sacrifice (Eid al-Adha) (Arabic: عيد الأضحى , English. Eidul-Adha, Kaz. Kurban ait tat. Korban bairame, Azerbaijani. Qurban Bayramı) is an Islamic holiday of the end of the Hajj, celebrated on the 10th day of the twelfth month of the Islamic lunar calendar (Dhul-Hijj) in memory of the sacrifice of the Prophet Abraham and 70 days after the holiday of Ramadan.
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Ritual of sacrifice
The victim must be at least one year old, healthy and free of any defects. It is believed that a sheep or goat can only be sacrificed from one person, and a cow, bull or camel can be sacrificed from seven people. Usually a two-year-old ram, goat, cow or bull is slaughtered; a sacrificial camel, as a rule, is at least five years old. The custom allows for sacrifices not only for the living, but also for the dead.
Often the skins of sacrificed animals are given to the Mosque. The meat is boiled and eaten at a common meal, which can be attended by any Muslim, with an imam usually at the head of the table. On the Feast of Sacrifice, you should definitely try a variety of delicious meat dishes, which are prepared in different countries, in accordance with local tastes, using various spices and flavorings; Much attention is paid to the festive decoration of the table, as well as the preparation of numerous sweets. People try to give gifts to close friends and relatives on holidays. In the days following the holiday, visits are usually made to relatives and close friends, since visiting sacrifices on the days of the holiday is considered blessed and desirable.
Sacrifice on the day of Eid al-Adha (Eid al-Adha) is an Islamic ritual for which there is much evidence. Allah Almighty says in the Quran: “...pray to your Lord and make a sacrifice.” Abu Hurayrah reported that the Prophet (meib) sacrificed two rams, which were large, fat and horned. When the Prophet laid one of them, he said: “In the name of Allah and Allah is great. O Allah, accept this from Muhammad and the family of Muhammad." And when he laid the second one, he said: “In the name of Allah and Allah is great. O Allah, accept this from Muhammad, his Ummah, those who have testified to Your unity and witnessed my fulfillment of the mission.” Prophet Muhammad (meib) called on Muslims to sacrifice. Aisha reported the words of the Prophet: “A person’s favorite deed for Allah on the day of sacrifice is making a sacrifice. On the Day of Judgment, the sacrificial animal will be on the cup of good deeds with its horns, wool and hooves. The blood shed on this day reaches its place before Allah before it reaches the earth. So cleanse your souls with it.”
The Feast of Sacrifice is celebrated on the 10th day of the 12th month of the Muslim lunar calendar, Dhu-l-Hijjah, during the period of pilgrimage to Mecca.
The most common sacrifice is a ram
Celebrating the day of sacrifice, even if it does not take place in Mecca, begins early in the morning. At first light, Muslims go to the mosque for morning prayer, but first it is advisable to perform a complete ablution, put on new and neat clothes, and, if possible, anoint yourself with incense. It is not recommended to eat before prayer. At the end of the morning Namaz, believers return home. Then they go again to the mosque or to a specially designated area (namazgah), where the Mullah or imam-khatib delivers a sermon (khutbah). The khutba usually begins with the glorification of Allah and his prophet, then explains the origin of the hajj and the meaning of the ritual of sacrifice.
After prayer, Muslims who have the opportunity to make a sacrifice do so. Over the victim, any ordinary Muslim can pronounce a short formula: “Bismillah, Allah Akbar,” that is, “In the name of Allah, Allah is great!” Before the ram is slaughtered, it must be thrown to the ground with its head towards Mecca.
Ritual of sacrifice
You can sacrifice a ram that has reached the seventh month (according to Shafi'i - a full year), a bull or a cow that has reached a full two years, a camel that has reached a full five years. It is desirable that the sacrificial animal be fat, large and beautiful. There should be no flaws in it that adversely affect the quantity and quality of meat. Therefore, lame, blind or sick animals should not be sacrificed. And also animals that have more than half of their horns broken or more than half of their ears cut off. Al-Barra reported that the Prophet (mayib) said: “Four animals are not suitable for sacrifice - an animal with pronounced blindness, a sick one, with a pronounced lameness and a thin one.”
It is advisable to use a third of the meat to treat your family, give a third to poor neighbors and relatives, and give a third as alms to those who ask for it. As the Almighty said about this: “... then eat their meat and feed those who are content with little, and those who ask out of poverty.”
Ibn Abbas also spoke about the sacrifice of the Prophet (meib): “He left a third for the family, a third to treat poor neighbors, and a third he distributed to those who asked.” Ibn Umar said: “Sacrifices and gifts - a third for you, a third for your family, a third for the poor.”
You cannot pay the butcher who slaughtered the sacrificial animal with meat. But you can give him part of the meat if he is poor, or donate it, but not as payment. Ali said: “The Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, ordered me to oversee the sacrifice, divide its meat and skin, and not give the butcher anything from the sacrificial animal. He said, 'We'll pay him back.'
Prophet Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon him, said: “The greatest day is the day of sacrifice.” He teaches us to understand human life as a divine gift.
Kurban Bayram (Arabic – Eid al-Adha) – main Muslim holiday, celebrated on the 10th of Dhul-Hijjah and continues three more days 11th, 12th and 13th of Dhul Hijjah – Tashriq days. Prophet Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon him, said: “The greatest day is the day of sacrifice.” The holiday of Eid al-Adha teaches us to understand human life as a divine gift.
Holiday nights are spent in prayer and worship, making up for missed prayers, and reading the Holy Quran. Night from 9th to 10th Dhul Hijjah It is advisable to spend it in Ibadat.
After midnight (until morning) they perform a complete ablution and practice personal hygiene. Anyone who participates in the ritual of slaughtering a sacrificial animal (qurban) must not cut his hair and nails for ten days before the sacrifice.
In the morning, without eating, they go to the mosque to perform Eid prayer - 45 minutes after sunrise (the time is checked with the imam of the mosque). Eid prayer is performed in the same way as on the day of Eid al-Fitr. On the eve of Eid al-Adha and until the last day of Tashrik, from sunset until Eid prayer, then after each prayer and before adhkar, the takbir is read on the way to the mosque.
On the day of Kurban Bayram, Muslims show joy, greet believers, congratulate them on the holiday, visit relatives, neighbors, acquaintances, other Muslims, receive guests, ask for forgiveness for the grievances caused and reconcile those who are in a quarrel, distribute sadaqa, go to the mosque, to the tombs of the righteous and in the cemetery to the graves of relatives.
Kurban. Ibrahim, peace be upon him, was the first to slaughter a sacrificial animal in the name of the Almighty. Our Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said: “Kurban is the sunnah of our father Ibrahim (peace be upon him)” (Abu Dawud). Sacrifice in Islam fosters the ability to do good for others in the name of Allah: two-thirds of the meat of a sacrificial animal is distributed to the poor, the poor, the needy and neighbors. This is not a magical ritual, but a prescribed rite of worship to the Almighty, proving the piety of Muslims.
“For every community We have established places of sacrifice (or religious ceremonies) so that they remember the name of Allah over the cattle with which He has provided them. Your God is the only God. Be submissive to Him. And you tell the good news to the humble,
whose hearts are filled with fear at the mention of the name of Allah, who are patient with what befalls them, perform prayer and spend from what We have provided them with.
We made sacrificial camels for you as ritual signs of Allah. They benefit you. Say the name of Allah over them as they stand in rows. When they fall on their sides, eat from them and feed those who are content with little and those who beg out of poverty. So We made them (the camels) subject to you, so perhaps you will be grateful.
Neither their meat nor their blood reaches Allah. Only your fear of God reaches Him. So He made them subject to you, so that you exalt Allah for having guided you to the straight path. Give good news to those who do good.
Indeed, Allah protects those who believe. Indeed, Allah does not love any ungrateful traitors."
Holy Quran. Sura 22 "Al-Hajj" / "Pilgrimage", verse 34-38
Kurban may be from three types of animals: rams, sheep and goats; cows, bulls and buffaloes; camels. The preferred Qurbani is ram or sheep.
“The best of my ummah cut the Qurbani, the worst do not cut it,” says an authentic hadith. Sacrifice (qurban) on the day of Eid al-Adha or on the next three days (days of tashriq) is the Sunnah to which our Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, paid special attention (sunnat ul-muakkada).
Sacrifice these days is a highly rewarded act. A hadith transmitted from Ali, may Allah be pleased with him, says: “Whoever leaves the house to get an animal for Qurbani, for each of his steps 10 good deeds are written and 10 sins are erased, his conversation during the purchase and sale will be recorded as tasbih (remembrance Allah), for every dirham given for an animal, 700 good deeds are recorded. When he throws the animal to the ground to cut it, all creation, from this place to the seventh heaven, will ask for the forgiveness of his sins, from every drop of the animal’s blood angels will be created, who will also ask for the forgiveness of his sins until the Day of Judgment.”
Imam Shafi'i said: "I do not approve (permission) not to cut the Qurbani to someone who has the opportunity to cut it." Ibn ‘Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him, recommended slaughtering at least a rooster if there is no other possibility, although this will not be considered a full-fledged qurbani. The meaning of this is that on this day it is advisable to sacrifice at least something, showing respect for this holiday. The main thing in sacrifice is the manifestation of submission to the Almighty.
Yesterday I was filming Eid al-Adhu (Eid al-Fitr), the festival of sacrifice, in Dubai. There have already been a lot of posts in my feed about how this holiday was celebrated in Moscow, I can say that Dubai is not much different from Moscow. What surprised me most was that whole families came to watch the ritual, a lot of children, everyone watched with interest how the animals were slaughtered. Below the cut is a report from a slaughterhouse, if you are more impressionable than Dubai kids, then .
According to the Koran, Archangel Gabriel (appeared to the Prophet Ibrahim) in a dream and conveyed to him a command from Allah to sacrifice his first-born Ismail. Ibrahim went to the Mina valley to the place where Mecca now stands and began preparations, but this turned out to be a test from Allah, and when the sacrifice was almost made, Allah replaced the sacrifice of a son with a sacrifice of a lamb for Ibrahim. The holiday symbolizes mercy, the majesty of God and the fact that faith is the best sacrifice. 
As I was told, the Emirati authorities are struggling with unsanitary conditions and do not allow sacrifices to be made on the street, so by eight in the morning there were huge queues at the slaughterhouses. 
Most arrived by car; those who came on foot stood in a general queue. 
Many animals resisted and had to be carried around the neck. 
There are 2 sections at the slaughterhouse, for cows and camels and for sheep and rams. 
The service of sacrificing a beloved pet costs only 150 rubles. Each animal is assigned a number. 
Everything is paid, you can start. 
Local television also filmed a report. 
On the conveyor belt the animal enters the workshop... 
Where his throat is cut. In this workshop alone, 3,000 rams and sheep were slaughtered yesterday. 
The owners are closely watching what is happening. 
Families come here, little Muslims are delighted with the spectacle. To make it convenient to watch, a special corridor with glass walls was made for spectators. 
The video will go to the family archive. 
Ooty-way! 
Order issuing table. Everything takes no more than 10 minutes. 
There are a lot of children, everyone seems to get great pleasure from the attraction. 
By the way, Eid al-Adha traditionally begins 70 days after the end of the fast and lasts three days. In honor of this Muslim holiday, numerous sales are held in Dubai shopping centers. 
It is advisable to use a third of the meat to treat your family, give a third to poor neighbors and relatives, and give a third as alms to those who ask for it. As the Almighty said about this: “... then eat their meat and feed those who are content with little, and those who ask out of poverty.” 
But many Emiratis prefer to make sacrifices the old-fashioned way, in dusty courtyards. 
The victim must be at least one year old, healthy and free of any defects. It is believed that a sheep or goat can only be sacrificed from one person, and a cow, bull or camel can be sacrificed from seven people. Usually a two-year-old ram, goat, cow or bull is slaughtered; a sacrificial camel, as a rule, is at least five years old. The custom allows for sacrifices not only for the living, but also for the dead. 
By the way, in most households it was camels that were killed and butchered for some reason. 
The whole family is involved. 
It's good to have an expensive SUV with a large trunk. 
Over the victim, any ordinary Muslim can pronounce a short formula: “Bismillah, Allah Akbar,” that is, “In the name of Allah, Allah is great!” Before the ram is slaughtered, it must be thrown to the ground with its head towards Mecca.
