Mongolian population of Russia consists of three groups:
1) Kalmyks settled in the 20s. 17th century on the lower Volga; this only Mongolian people in Europe today has more than 130 thousand people.
2) Buryat, inhabiting the territory south of Baikal and numbering about 250 thousand;
3) small Mongolian groups from the former Outer Mongolia (now the Mongolian People's Republic), who settled in Russia.
These three groups speak very close languages, their onomastics, if not the same, is very similar.
The religion of all three groups is Lamaist (Tibetan) Buddhism which explains the presence of Tibetan and Sanskrit elements in their onomastics, the role of which is similar to the role of Arabic elements in the onomastics of the Turkic peoples. Mongolian surnames are usually assimilated, i.e. contain Russian patronymic suffixes ov/-ev and -in.
FIRST GROUP - KALMYK SURNAMES.
Kalmyk surnames are often ending in -other(Kalmyk patronymic, originally possessive suffix -in + Russian suffix -ov), for example:
Badminov, Badmaev<Бадма < санскр. padma ‘лотос’
Bembinov, Bembeev< Бембе монг. бямба ‘суббота’ < тибет. spen-pa ‘Сатурн (планета) ’
Bormanzhinov< бор ‘серый’ + манж ‘новичок’, ‘ученик’
Buruldinov
Dakuginov
Dambinov<Дамба < тибет. dam-pa ‘святой’
jimbins
Kugultinov< Кегульта (топоним)
Kuldinov
Kursinov
Mukharinov
Harmanzhinov<хар ‘черный’ + манж ‘ученик’
Sharmanzhinov< шар ‘желтый’ + манж
Here are examples of surnames with other final suffixes:
Baldanov< тибет. baldan ‘могущественный’
Basangov, Basanov< басн ‘пятница’ < тибет. pa-sangs ‘Венера (планета) ’
Davaev< дава ‘понедельник’ < тибет. zla-wa ‘луна, гребень’
Dorzhiev<Доржи < тибет. rdo-rje ‘молния’
Indzhiev< инж ‘приданое’
Manjiev<манж ‘новичок, ученик’
Narmaev< норм ‘переносица’
Nominkhanov< номин хан ‘превзошедший науку’ букв, ‘царь (ламаиского) писания’ (номин, род. пад. от ном < греч. vo/ios)
Ochirov, Uchurov< Очир < санскр. vajra ‘молния, оружие Индры’
Pyurbeev, Pyurveev< пурвэ ‘четверг’ < тибет. p‘ur-bu ‘Юпитер (планета) ’ Санджеев, Санджиев < Сандж < тибет. sangs-rgyas ‘просветленный, Будда’ Содманов < Соднам < тибет. bsod-nams ‘счастье, удача’
Ulanov<улан ‘красный’
Chonins<хвн ‘овца’
Tserenov< Тсеренг < тибет. ts‘e-ring ‘долгая жизнь’
Erdniev< эрднъ < санскр. ratna ‘драгоценный камень’
Erendzhenov< эренцен ‘драгоценный камень’
Yamanov<яман ‘коза’
One of the oldest assimilated surnames is the surname Dondukov< дунд кввун ‘средний сын’ - в 1744 г. этой семье был пожалован княжеский титул.
SECOND GROUP - BURYAT SURNAMES
Buryat surnames do not reveal special morphological elements similar to the Kalmyk final element - otherwise, moreover, they have not been fully assimilated into the system of Russian onomastics. Buryat surnames often almost indistinguishable from their Kalmyk equivalents.
Examples of surnames with the Russian suffix -ov / -ev include:
Banzarov< санскр. рапса ‘пять’
Batdev, Batuev< бата (монг. баг) ‘сильный, стойкий’
Bimbaev = Kalm. Bembeev
Gomboev< Гомбо < тибет. mgon-po ‘господин, защитник’
Dampilov
Naidakov
Sanzheev = Kalm. Sanjeev
Soktdev< согтой ‘живой, приподнятый’
Tugute Khamaganov
Tsyrenov = Kalm. Tserenov
Shagdarov
THIRD GROUP - SURNAME OF MONGOLIAN ORIGIN.
Amagolonov
Batyrev< батар ‘герой’
Bayanov< баян ‘богатый’
Daminov< тибет. rta-mgrin ‘лошадиная шея’
Dugar-Nimaev< тибет. gdugs-dkar, имя богини Тара; Нима < монг. ням ‘воскресенье’ < тибет. nyi-ma ‘солнце, день’
Malakshinov
Todayev< тод ‘ясный’
Khangalov
Tsydendambaev
At least one surname of Mongolian origin has become famous in Russia. it surname Turgenev, derivative of turgen ‘fast’. The Mongolian name penetrated into the Russian language through the Turkic intermediary language.
Source B. O. Unbegaun. Russian surnames.
Its carriers are about 400 thousand people, mainly living on the territory of the Republic of Buryatia, as well as in the north of Mongolia and northwest China. The names of distant ancestors and ancestors have been preserved in the memory of the people. There are people who can name ancestors up to the twentieth generation.
This memory and respect was reflected in Buryat customs and traditions. In the oral folk art of the people, you can find the names of people who really lived. Honoring the ancestors is an important duty of the Buryats. Each clan carefully preserves the memory of their predecessors, their special merits and achievements to the clan, interesting moments of life, and the abilities they possessed. The cult of ancestors in society was also reflected in the formation of Buryat surnames, the features and history of this process will be discussed in the article.
Surnames of foreign origin
The Buryat population for many years had close contacts with the Turkic tribes, as well as the Tungus-Manchu peoples and ethnic groups of Central Asia. These cultural, domestic and economic ties have led to the fact that many Buryat names and surnames derived from them are of foreign origin. They are not explained from the point of view of the Buryat language, for example, Tukhan, Malo, Nakhi, Buydar, Tooda, Zonkhi.
Buryat language and its difficulties
Buryats are a community of ethnic groups of people with close cultures, traditions and dialects. By the end of the 19th century, for convenience, they were administratively united into a single people. After 1917, a single Buryat-Mongolian language was introduced, based on the Mongolian vertical script, with its help, speakers of different dialects could understand each other. In the 30s, this font was replaced by Latin, and a little later by Cyrillic, which negatively affected the language itself, since Cyrillic could not demonstrate all its subtleties. It is for this reason that it is quite difficult to convey personal Buryat names and surnames using modern writing.
History of family names
The history of the origin of Buryat surnames is very young. Until the second half of the 19th century, the Buryats, like the rest of the Mongolian tribes, used the name of the father instead of generic names. For example, Aslan Tumer, which meant Aslan, the son of Tumer. When it became necessary to draw up official documents, it was decided to give a person a surname formed on behalf of his father, grandfather, great-grandfather or any ancestor.
In order to make Buryat surnames easy to read, they were formed with the help of Russian family suffixes -ev, -ov, -in. Sometimes they used the endings -on, -o, -e. Thus, the names Tsyrenov, Budaev, Sanzhiin, Baldano, Badmazhabe, Khandaev, Tsyrenov, Gomboin and others appeared.
The meaning of family names is closely related to the meaning of the names from which they are derived. In addition, Buryat surnames can reflect the personal qualities of an ancestor, his unique distinctive character traits. Very often, the meaning of surnames is difficult to interpret due to distortion in spelling, scientists have to look for their meaning in other languages, such as Tibetan.
Surnames according to the characteristics of people
In ancient times, Buryat names were given according to the characteristic qualities of people. That is, they were words of nominal value.
In addition, pastoral terms could serve as a personal name. For example, common Buryat names, from which surnames were subsequently formed:
- Sagaan - means "white";
- Borsoy - "shrunken";
- Turgen - "quick";
- Tabgay - means "foot or paw".
In Buryat epics, there are often names that are metaphors. For example, the name Altan Shagai means "golden ankle", the Buryat name Shukhaan Zurkhen - means "bloody heart", or Altan Khaisha - translated as "golden scissors", the name Nara Luugaa - translated as "sun", the name Sarah Luugaa - "moon" and so on. From these proper names there was a process of formation of surnames, for example Khukhenov, Khaishev, Shagaev.
Names and superstitions
Many Buryat names are associated with superstitions. To protect the child from evil spirits, the following names were given: Arkhinsha, which means "drunkard", Angaadha - "razin", Baahan - "feces", Nokhoi - "dog", Azarga - "stallion", Shono - "wolf", Tehe - "goat", Bukha - "bull", Khusa - "ram". Surnames were formed from these names.
Surname rules
All Buryat surnames and names are currently written in accordance with the rules of the Russian language.
- Rule number 1. Compound names in Russian are written together. For example, the name Darizhap is written in Russian, despite the fact that in Buryat it will be Dar-Zhab.
- Rule number 2. Longitude in the surname is transmitted using a stressed vowel sound. For example, Babu-Babu.
- Rule number 3. The final vowels "e", "a" in compound names are transmitted by the vowel "o". Exceptions are names that have “and”, “y” in the first syllable. For example, in Russian Bato, and in the Buryat language Bata.
- Rule number 4. The vowels "e" and "a" before the last consonant can be transmitted through "e", "a", "i", "y", "s". For example, Udbel-Udbel.
- Rule number 5. In some family names in the first syllable, the vowel "e" can be replaced by "y" or "i". For example, Gepelmaa - Gypylma.
- Rule number 6. Instead of vowels "e", "o", "a" after hissing, "i" is written. For example, Dasha - Dashi, Badzha - Badzhi.
- Rule number 7. Voiced consonants at the end of the name in front of the deaf are replaced by deaf ones. For example, Sogto - Tsokto.
- Rule number 8. The sound "sh" is replaced by "c", or "h". For example, Oshor - Ochir, Shagan - Tsagan.
Modern formation of surnames
Until 1917, only baptized Buryats had Buryat surnames. The rest of the population used the name of the father instead of the family name. Nowadays, surnames are formed from proper names, to which Russian family suffixes are added. For example, Tsyren - Tsyrenov.
Short vowels of names are replaced by "u" or "o". For example, the name Abido took shape in the surname Abiduev, the surname Shagdurov came from the name Shagdar, and the surname Batuev came from Bato.
Many Buryat surnames were formed using the suffixes "on", "e", "ay", "in". For example, Badmaeabe, Badmain, Simpilan. But this way of forming surnames is not very widespread. All these suffixes, except for "ai", are the legacy of the Old Mongolian language, while the suffix "ai" is an indicator of the genitive case of the Buryat grammar.
Modern traditions
Nowadays, the tradition has been preserved to use the name of the father as a surname. That is why many have the same patronymic and surname. For example, Badmaev Vladimir Badmaevich. To avoid such coincidences, some people use the name of their great-grandfather or grandfather as their surname. Currently, the Buryats draw up surnames and patronymics in the Russian likeness. That is, the father's surname is passed on to the children, girls change their surname when they get married.
Surnames borrowed from Russian
Among other things, the facts of borrowing surnames from the Russian language are known. For example, the surname Petrov turned into the Buryat surname Pitroob, Darwin turned into the Buryat family name Daarbin, Lensky - into Leenskhe.
In the Buryat language there is no such thing as gender. But if you look at the list of Buryat family names, then female surnames differ from male ones. Their declension occurs according to the rules of the Russian language.
An interesting fact is that many Buryat families still do not inherit a family name. That is, if the boy's name is Bato, and his father's name is Zhambay, then the parents register the child in official documents as Bato Zhambaev, and his son, most likely, will have a surname Batoev. In addition, the child is allowed to assign a surname not only by the name of the father, but also by the grandfather and great-grandfather, and also on the maternal side.
The modern system of official naming of the Buryats, like that of most peoples of Russia, is three-term: "surname, name, patronymic", for example: Bazaron Vladimir Sandanovich, Malashkina Maria Banaevna.In everyday life, full AM is not used. In various spheres of life, different forms of naming and address are adopted. In family and everyday communication among the inhabitants of a village (or ulus), several forms of personality definition are commonly used:
(1) Father's name in the genitive case + AI ( Zandanai Larisa, Solbony Bator);
(2) In the case of greater fame of the grandfather or mother in a particular environment, the model is resorted to: the name of the grandfather or mother in the genitive case + the term with the meaning "grandson" or "son" + AI in the nominative case ( Galdanay asha[or zee] Erjito [Erhete], which means "Galdan's grandson - Erhito", Nataaliin khubuun Bair"son of Natalia - Bair");
(3) Grandfather's genitive name + genitive father's name + AI ( Badmyn Dugarai Erdem, Buurayn Garmyn Tamara);
(4) Name of head of household with suffix -tan (-tone, -ten), denoting a group of people by belonging to a genus or family, + AI in the nominative case ( Oshortonoy Marina, Badmatanay Zorikto);
(5) Surname + father's name in the genitive case + AI ( Saganov Matvein Svetlana"Svetlana Saganova Matveya");
(6) Surname with suffix -tan (-tone, -ten) in the genitive case + AI ( Arsalanovtanay Oyuna, Ochirovtonoy Erzhen).
For official polite address, one of the models is used: AI + patronymic - Bargai Ivanovich; word nuher"comrade" + surname - nukher Ulanov; nuher+ position held - nuh foreman.
In the old days, the Buryats, like other peoples of Asia and the East, had a custom to replace personal names with terms denoting official duties, degrees of kinship and properties. The teachers were called Bagsha"teacher", lamas, lama or lambagai"father", elders - "father or mother of such and such" (by the name of the eldest child), "brother or sister of such and such" (by the name of their peer), relatives - in terms of kinship. The taboo of the name, as you know, goes back to the mists of time and is associated with the superstitious ideas of people and the identification of the word with the object, the name with the named. Due to the weakening of religious influence and the widespread influence of the Russian anthroponymic system, modern Buryats do not know about the prohibition of the name, but the custom has been preserved to avoid direct address by name.
From the treatment of terms of kinship, denoting distant family ties, now blows an anachronism. Most of the youth do not know the specific meanings, the traditional terms of kinship, having only a general idea of a person as a relative, while in the old days, the assimilation of the genealogy up to the tenth generation and beyond was cultivated.
At festivities and festivities, a kind of competition was organized for the best knowledge of relatives on the side of the father and mother, the winners were encouraged. This was due to tribal relations, for the marriage of representatives of the same clan was not allowed.
When referring to children in the family, terms were used indicating the seniority and gender of the child: the eldest son was called aha, ahaaday, ahaaadi, eldest daughter - egeshe, egesheedia, the youngest child - waste, waste. In many families, these terms were used not only by children when referring to each other, but also by parents, referring to children. If there are many children in the family, then new names could appear, clarifying the sequence of birth or denoting any features of the appearance, character traits of the child.
Nowadays, addressing each other by name, patronymic is intensively spreading not only among the educated part of the population, but also among ordinary rural workers and relatives. Addressing by an individual name speaks of close, friendly relations or familiar, disrespectful behavior of the speaker, moreover, the meaning in each case depends on intonation, context, situation, environment. The use (choice) of one or another form of naming and address depends on many reasons: the position held, age status, the nature of the speaker and listener, the degree of their acquaintance, the relationship between them, etc.
The individual names of the Buryats, like the names of other peoples, are diverse in origin and semantics.
An appreciable layer is made up of anthroponyms, which are common nouns. Despite the transparency of semantics, the emergence of most of the names of this group dates back to ancient times and is associated with the religious ideas of the Buryats.
There are a lot of names in the Buryat pedigree that go back to the names of wild and domestic animals ( Bulgan"sable", Harman"squirrel", Shono"wolf", Buha"bull", Tugal"calf", Eshegen"goat"), as well as birds ( Bourgade"eagle", Guluun"goose"), fish ( Sordon"pike", Algana"perch"). They are adjoined by names denoting the colors of animals, for example: Alag"striped", "motley", "skewbald" (about suit), Borogshon"gray", "gray" (about the color of females), etc. The origin of such names is explained by zoomorphic ideas of ancient peoples, in this case, the Mongolian tribes.
The following common group of names goes back to the pictorial vocabulary, for example: Bilduu"flattering", "obliging", Morhoosoy (Morhoyho) 1) "to be with a hump" (about the nose), 2) figurative meaning - "to put on airs", "to wonder", Khazagay"crooked", "crooked", Dagdaan (dagdagar)"tousled", "shaggy", "clumsy".
Of the appellative names and attributes, (1) high-style words are now popular, denoting such concepts as "peace", "peace", "eternity", "glory": Amgalan"peaceful", "calm", Aldar"glory", Munko (munhae)"eternal"; (2) words whose meanings are associated with the concepts of happiness, strength, well-being: Zhargal"happiness", Bair (bayar)"joy", Bata"solid", "strong" Bator"bogatyr" Zorikto (zorig)"brave", "strong-willed", Erhito (erhete)"authoritative", "full"; (3) words, the meanings of which are associated with the concepts of the mind, enlightenment, culture: Belikto (belig)"wisdom", "mind", "knowledge", Erdem"science", "learning", Tuyana (tuyaa)"Ray", Gerel"light", "shine", Soel"culture"; (4) names of jewels, flowers: Erdeni"jewel" Erzhena (erzhen)"nacre", Sesag"flower".
With the penetration of Lamaism into Buryatia in the 17th century. among the Trans-Baikal Buryats, names of Tibetan and Sanskrit origin began to spread, for example, Tibetan ones: Galsan"happiness", Dorzho"diamond", Sodnom"good deed" Rinchin"jewel", Tsyrma"golden mother"; Sanskrit: Bazaar"diamond", Radna"jewel", Arya"St", Osor"spread of light".
The pre-Baikal Buryats have long used the names of Russians. Nowadays, half of the newborns in the territory of Transbaikalia receive these names.
Surnames first appeared among the Buryats in connection with the spread of Christianity and the introduction of the rite of baptism among the indigenous peoples of Siberia in the second half of the 19th century. Christianization covered the Irkutsk region, partly Tunkinsky, Kabansky, Kurumkansky, Barguzinsky districts of Buryatia. Therefore, among the pre-Baikal Buryats, the process of formation of surnames was completed already in the first decade of the 20th century. However, the name of all Buryats by their surnames was established only after the Great October Revolution.
Modern Buryat surnames are mainly formed from the personal names of the parents. Therefore, the generation of the first years of Soviet power up to the 40s could have a surname and patronymic, formed from one base - the name of the father: Tsibikov Bata Tsibikovich, Nomoev Nomgon Nomoevich, and their children could become Batoev, Nomgonovs, Bakoevich, Nomgonovichs. To form modern Buryat surnames, the suffix was used -ov(s), borrowed from Russian: Bolotov, Tugulov, Dorzhiev, Ursheev. Along with this suffix, suffixes of the Buryat language are used -ay, -in, -eh and others with the meaning of genitive affiliation: Batozhabai, Gomboin, Linhovoin, Dondogai, Galsane, Dogdome. Such surnames are found mainly among the Trans-Baikal Buryats.
Patronymic names first appeared among representatives of the highest social strata and the intelligentsia. Among the broad masses, patronymics developed and took shape only in the Soviet period. But even now there are cases when people of the older generation do not have patronymics in their passports, although they are used when addressing each other. Buryat patronymics are formed on behalf of the father (very rarely on behalf of the grandfather) with the help of Russian suffixes -ovich (-evich), -ovna (-evna).
At present, naming with a patronymic is a common occurrence both among the urban population and in rural areas, but rural residents often make do with the old, everyday forms of address.
In the last days of 2012, a decree of the government of Buryatia was issued, which approved the regulation on the procedure for recording the last name, first name and patronymic of the child in accordance with the Buryat national customs in the state registration of the birth of a child
This provision only consolidated Article 4 of the Law of the Republic of Buryatia "On the right of citizens to assign a surname, name and patronymic in accordance with the Buryat national customs when registering the birth of a child."
Now, with the consent of the parents, the child is assigned a different surname, which is formed from the surname of the father or mother of the child, according to an approximate list of family formants.
However, in the regional offices of the registry office, they cannot comment on this. The resolution has just been issued and requires a detailed study by the employees of the registry offices.
Approximate list of family formants
An approximate list of how surnames can change is attached to the resolution.
After the stems of surnames ending in a consonant, they join -ai (-aa, -oh, -hey); -he; -o or -e.
By the way, many well-known figures of culture and science of Buryatia did not lose this tradition of forming surnames in the Soviet years. So, the famous writer Dashirabdan Batozhapov, according to the memoirs of Solbon Angabaev, became Batozhabay at the Literary Institute.
Dondok Ulzytuev wrote a playful quatrain, rhyming a friend's new surname.
uuzhal bye,
Urgazhal bye,
Beshezhel Bai,
Batozhabay!
(“Drink, grow, write Batozhabay!”)
The people's poet of Buryatia Tsyren-Dulma Dondogoi and scientist Elbert Bazaron glorified their traditional surnames.
After the stems of surnames ending in the consonant "n", -ay, -oh, -hey, -i, -e or -o are added.
For example: Danzanov - Danzanai / Danzane / Danzano. This surname is the famous artist Sophia Danzane. Sharakshinov - Sharakshanay/Sharakshane, Rinchinov - Rinchiney/Rinchino/Rinchine. Elbeg-Dorzhi Rinchino stood at the origins of the republic. Baldanov - Baldanay / Baldano / Baldane. This name of the famous playwright Namzhil Baldano is Orongoy secondary school.
Badyonov - Badyonoy / Badone, Tumakhanov - Tumakhani.
After the stems of surnames ending in a vowel, -in (-yn) or -n are added; -gay (-goy, -gey); -a.
The most famous surnames formed in this way are Valentina Dambain, Darima Linkhovoin.
The artist Vyacheslav Balzhinimaev could bear the surname Balzhinimyn, the author of the anthem of Buryatia Damba Zhalsaraev - Zhalsarain, etc.
Only the formant -in (-yn) joins the stems ending in "e".
For example: Borteev - Bortein, Sanzheev - Sanzhein, Yesheev - Yeshyn.
Most often, such surnames can be found in Mongolia. For example, the disgraced ex-president of the country Nyambaryn Enkhbayar or the new mayor of Ulaanbaatar, the son of the classic of Mongolian literature of Buryat origin Sengiin Erdene. Therefore, the surname of the mayor is formed from the father's name Erdeniin Batuul.
Note: when formants are attached, the final consonants of the stems "p", "k", "t" change to "b", "g", "d". Accordingly: Dondupov - Dondubon. This surname was changed for the literary pseudonym Don by one of the founders of Buryat literature, Tsydenzhap Dondupovich Dondubon. His children and grandchildren proudly bear this unusual surname. Andrey Dondubon, a representative of the Ulan-Ude City Hall in Ulaanbaatar, is among them.
Soviet warps
Problems with Buryat names and surnames began in the early years of Soviet power, when the young state began to register citizens under new laws. In the village councils, the names and surnames of children were often written down as they heard or as the secretary considered correct. From here came different spellings of essentially the same surnames: Batoevs and Batuevs, Dashievs and Dasheevs, Erdyneevs and Erynievs ...
Back in 1969, the famous teacher and writer, father of the famous People's Artist of the USSR Lodon Linkhovoin wrote an indignant article about Buryat names and surnames.
“Names and surnames are not something self-sufficient, existing according to special laws, changing according to the whims of their bearers. They are the components of the language and obey its word-formation laws. I don't think anyone will argue with that. If this is so, then no one has either a legal or any other right to juggle both his own and someone else's name, arbitrarily change and distort them, ”wrote a teacher respectfully called Lodon-bagsha 40 years ago.
He especially noted such a negative phenomenon in female names.
“As you know, there are no genders in the Buryat language. Female names have the same endings as male ones: Dyzhid, Udbel, Tsyremzhid, etc. A special, I must say, large group is made up of female names of Tibetan origin: Dulma, Darima, Lhama, etc. But the final -a in them is not a sign of gender, - the teacher reminded. - And so the representatives of the fair sex decided that their names did not end in -a, and they, without hesitation, began to add this ending to them, due to their lack of culture, their ancestors had missed for centuries: Oyuun became Oyuuna, Chimid - Chimita, Tsyren - Tsyrena etc. In my opinion, such an unprincipled mixture of Buryat and Russian in one word is nothing but arbitrariness.
Russian people, even cosmopolitan nobles, seeing that some Western peoples' names do not end in -a and -ya, did not change their Maria, Ekaterina to Mariy, Ekaterina. Only Sobakevich, selling dead male souls to Chichikov, cheated by squeezing the name of the deceased serf Elizaveta Sparrow into their list.
The owners of the names mentioned above, apparently, decided that everything should sound in Russian. It remains for them, if they know their native language, to the nouns of the Buryat language, denoting animate feminine objects, to say ezha instead of ezhy, egesha instead of egeshe. Dear girls, can you think of such expressions: ene basagana, tere uneena?”.
About double names
“Many girls change their names equally irresponsibly and flippantly. About 15 years ago in one school they began to fill out matriculation certificates. Then it turned out that the girl, who had been Maria for ten years, turned out to be Dolgor according to her birth certificate and passport. The girl explained the origin of the name Maria by the fact that when she entered the school, the teacher, a Buryat, said: “Now you are not Dolgor, but Maria,” writes Lodon Linkhovoin.
After this incident, he asked if there were any other such facts, and found that almost half of the students with Russian names were "baptized by teachers when they entered school."
“The question is, who gave these teachers the right to arbitrarily, even without permission, sometimes against the wishes of their parents, to change their children's names? This, if not criminal, is highly irresponsible, - the teacher was indignant. - How would the teacher react if the director of the school suddenly began to call her by a completely different name? A person must be listed under his own - Russian or Buryat - name, which he was called at birth. He can change it only by legalizing it.
Nothing can explain the appearance before the end of many Buryat surnames of extensions -е and -у, which do not fall under any grammatical rules. Surnames in the Buryat language are formed from the names of ancestors through grammatical endings: Bazar - Bazarov, Dorji - Dorzhiev. But where did the extensions -e in the surnames from the names Erdenei - Erdeneev, Ayushi - Ayusheev, Dorji - Dorjeev and the extension -u in the surnames Batuev from Bato, Abiduev from Abid, Zhamsuev from Zhams come from? Don't they say Badmuev, Nimuev? And in the Russian language, from which the endings -ov, -ev are taken, there are no endings -ee, -uev.
Some of these spellings, no matter how wrong they may be, have been around for a long time, so it may be difficult to correct them, but most of them can be completely painlessly brought into line with the laws of the language: Erdyniev, Dashiev, Batoev.
“Perhaps, one should not write the same names in different ways: Shagdarov, Shagdyrov, Shagdurov, Chagdurov; Ochirov, Oshirov, Oshorov, etc.?” asked Lodon Lodonovich in 1969.
ABARMID (Sanskrit.) - Beyond. Buryat form from the Sanskrit word "para-mita". This word means "gone to the other side" (ie to nirvana). In the Buddhist sutras, 6 or 10 paramitas are listed, with the help of which the transition to nirvana is carried out: generosity, morality, patience, masculinity, contemplation, wisdom. Each paramita is used as a name. See Sultim, So-dbo, etc.
ABIDA (Sanskrit) - Vast, immeasurable light. Amitabha is the name of one dhyani - buddha. In Buryatia it is known as Abida, in Japan - Amida. In the teachings of the Buddha, he is the lord of the Sukhavadi (Divazhan) paradise.
AGVANDORJO (Tib.) - Diamond lord of the word.
AGVANDONDOG (Tib.) - The well-intentioned lord of the word.
AGVANDONDUB (Tib.) - Fulfilling the desires of all living beings, the lord of the word.
AGVAN (Tib.) - Lord of the word, possessing a beautiful and rich word. One of the names of the bodhisattva Manjushri, personifying transcendental wisdom.
AGVANNIMA (Tib.) - The solar lord of the word.
ADLIBESHE - Dissimilar, different.
ADYAA (Sanskrit.) - The sun.
ANANDA (Sanskrit) - Joy. The name of the Beloved Disciple of Buddha Shakyamuni. After his departure to nirvana, Ananda expounded from memory one of the main Buddhist canons "Ganzhur".
AIDAR - Dear
ALAMZHA - The name of the hero of the Buryat epic.
ALDAR - Glory.
ALIMA - Apple.
ALTAN - Gold.
ALTANA - Gold.
ALTANGEREL - Golden light
ALTANSESEG - Golden flower.
ALTANTUYA - Golden Dawn
ALTAN SHAGAI - Golden ankle.
AMAR, AMUR - Peace, tranquility.
AMARSANA, AMURSANA - Well-intentioned. The name of the national hero of Western Mongolia (Dzungaria). He led the liberation struggle against the Manchurian-Chinese yoke in the 18th century.
AMGALAN - Calm, peaceful.
ANDAMA (Tib.) - Powerful. Epithet of the goddess Uma.
ANJIL (Tib.) - The king of power, the name of the wish-fulfilling jewel. In Sanskrit CHINTAMANI.
ANZHILMA (Tib.) - The mistress. Same root as Anjil.
ANJUR (Tib.) - Dominating, dominating.
ANZAD (Tib.) - Treasury of power.
ANZAMA (Tib.) - Well-behaved.
ANZAN (Tib.) - Well-behaved.
ANPIL (Tib.) - the same as Vampil.
ANCHIG (Tib.) - the same as Vanchig.
ARABJAY (Tib.) - Popular, widespread.
ARDAN (Tib.) - Strong, mighty.
ARSALAN - Leo.
ARYA (Sanskrit) - Supreme, saint. Usually used before the names of bodhisattvas, saints, famous Buddhists.
ARYUNA - Pure, bright.
ARYUNGEREL - Pure, bright light.
ARYUNSESEG - Pure, bright flower.
ARYUNTUYA - Pure, bright dawn.
Ashata - All-Helping.
AYUNA (Turk.) - Bear. Ayu is a bear.
AYUR (Sanskrit.) - Life, age.
AYURZANA, AYURZHANA (Sanskrit.) - Wisdom of life.
AYUSHA (Sanskrit.) - Extender of life. The name of the deity of longevity.
AYAN - Journey.
AYANA (female) - Journey.
BAATAR - Bogatyr, an abbreviation for the old Mongolian "Bagatur".
BABU (Tib.) - Hero, brave man.
BABUDORJO (Tib.) - Diamond hero.
BABUSENGE (Tib.) - Brave lion.
BAVASAN, BAASAN (Tib.) - Planet Venus, corresponds to Friday.
BADARA (Sanskrit) - Good.
BADARMA (Sanskrit) - Beautiful.
BADARKHAN - Prosperous.
BADARSHA (Sanskrit.) - The petitioner.
BATLAY - Courageous.
BADMA (Sanskrit.) - Lotus. The image of the lotus in Buddhism symbolizes crystal immaculate purity, since the beautiful lotus has nothing to do with the mud of the swamp from which it grows, just like the Buddha, who reached nirvana, escaped from the swamp of samsara.
BADMAGARMA (Sanskrit - Tib.) - The constellation of lotuses.
BADMAGURO (Sanskrit) - Lotus teacher.
BADMARINCHIN (Sanskrit - Tib.) - Precious lotus.
BADMAZHAB (Sankrit - Tib.) - Protected by a lotus.
BADMAHANDA (Sanskrit - Tib.) - Lotus Dakini, heavenly fairy.
BADMATSEBEG (Sanskrit - Tib.) - Immortal lotus.
BADMATSEREN (Sanskrit - Tib.) - Lotus of long life.
BAZAR (Sanskrit.) - Diamond. Buryat forum from the Sanskrit "Vajra". This is one of the most important attributes of Tantrism, Vajra is a symbol of the inviolability of the Teaching.
BAZARGURO (Sanskrit) - Diamond teacher
BAZARJAB (Sanskrit.) - Protected by a diamond.
BAZARSADA (Sanskrit.) - The essence of the diamond.
BALMZHI (Tib.) - Born of a diamond.
BALANSENGE (Tib.) - Diamond lion.
BALBAR (Tib.) - Blazing shine, radiance.
BALBARMA (Tib.) - Blazing shine, radiance.
BALDAG - Thick, squat.
BALDAN (Tib.) - Glorious, magnificent.
BALDANDORJO (tib) - Magnificent diamond.
BALDANJAB (Tib.) - Protected by glory, greatness.
BALDANSENGE (Tib.) - A magnificent lion.
BAL DAR (Tib.) - Giver of happiness. Epithet of the God of Wealth. In Sanskrit - Kubera, in Tibetan Namtosrai. Buryat pronunciation Namsarai.
BALDORJO (Tib.) - Diamond of greatness.
BALMA (Tib.) - Rich, radiant, glorified.
BALSAMBU (Tib.) - Exquisite.
BALSAN (Tib.) - Charming, beautiful.
BALTA - Hammer.
BAL KHAN - Chubby.
BALJID (Tib.) - Aspiring to prosperity.
BALJIDMA (Tib.) - the same as Baljid.
BALZHIMA (Tib.) - Gorgeous.
BALZHIMEDEG (Tib.) - Flower of happiness.
BALZHIN (Tib.) - Giving wealth.
BALZHINIM (Tib.) - The sun of happiness.
BALZHIR (Tib.) - Wealth, brilliance, radiance.
BALZAN (Tib.) - Charming, beautiful
BALCHIN (Tib.) - Very rich, glorious.
BANZAN (Sanskrit) - Five.
BANZAR (Tib.) - Uniting force.
BANZARAGSHA (Sanskrit) - Five protectors.
BANDY - Man, Boy.
BARAS - Tiger.
BATA - Strong, strong. The name of the grandson of Genghis Khan.
BATABAATAR - Strong, strong hero.
BATABAYAR - Strong joy.
BATABULAD - Strong steel.
BATABELIG - Solid wisdom.
BATABELEG - A strong gift.
BATADAMBA (Bur-Tib.) - Most Holy.
BATADORJO (Bur. - Tib.) - Hard diamond.
BATADELGER - Strong flowering.
BATAJAB (Bur - Tib.) - Hard-protected.
BATAZHARGAL - Strong happiness.
BATAZAYA - Strong destiny.
BATAMUNKHE - Eternal hardness.
BATASAYKHAN - Strong - beautiful.
BATASUHE - Strong axe.
BATATU MER - Solid iron.
BATATSEREN - Long-term.
BATAERDENI - Solid jewel.
BATASHULUUN - Solid stone.
BAYAN - Rich.
BAYANBATA - Firmly rich.
BAYANDALAY - Rich sea, inexhaustible wealth.
BAYANDELGER - Rich flowering.
BAYAR - Joy.
BAYARMA - Joy.
BAYARSAIKHAN - Beautiful joy.
BAYASKHALAN - Joy, fun.
Bayart - Joyful.
BIDIYA (Sanskrit) - Knowledge. Buryat pronunciation of the Sanskrit word "Vidya".
BIZYA (Sanskrit) - Knowledge.
BIMBA (Tib.) - Planet Saturn, corresponds to Saturday.
BIMBAJAB (Tib.) - Protected by Saturn.
BIMBATSEREN (Tib.) - Long life under the sign of Saturn.
BIRABA (Sanskrit) - Terrifying. The Buryat pronunciation of the Sanskrit word "Bhairava" is terrible. The name of one of the angry incarnations of Shiva.
BOLORMA - Crystal.
BORJON - Granite.
BUDA - Enlightened. Buryat pronunciation of the Sanskrit word "Buddha". The name of the founder of Buddhism, the first of the three world religions. He, Buddha Shakyamuni (623-544 BC) lived and preached his Teaching in India in the 6th-5th centuries. d.c.e.
BUDAJAB (Sanskrit. Tib.) - Protected by the Buddha.
BUDATSEREN (Sanskrit. Tib.) - Long life of the Buddha.
BUDAMSHU - The name of the national folklore hero of Buryatia.
BUDON - The name of the famous Tibetan author of multi-volume historical works of the 14th century.
BUJIDMA - the same as Butidma.
BULAD - Steel.
BULADBAATAR - Steel hero.
BULADSAIKHAN - Beautiful steel.
BULADTSEREN - Long life of steel.
BUMA (Tib.) - Girl, girl.
BUNYA (Sanskrit) - Virtue, from the Sanskrit word "Punya".
BUTIDMA - Leading the son, the name is given to the daughter in the hope that a son will be born.
BUYAN, BUYANTA - Virtue.
BUYANBATA Solid virtue.
BUYANDELGER - The flowering of virtue.
BUYANKHESHEG - Virtuous welfare.
BURGAD - Eagle, golden eagle.
BELIG, BELIGTE - Wisdom.
BELIGMA - Wisdom.
BELEG - Gift.
VAMPIL (Tib.) - Multiplying power
VANDAN (Tib.) - Possessing power.
VANZHIL (Tib.) - the same as Anzhil.
VANJUR (Tib.) - Dominant.
WANZAN (Tib.) - Owner.
VANCHIK (Tib.) - Powerful.
GABA, GAVA (Tib.) - Happy, joyful
GADAMBA (Tib.) - Instructor.
GADAN (Tib.) - Joyful. This is the name of the abode of the gods, the world of the gods, in Sanskrit Tushita. In Tushita, bodhisattvas spend their penultimate life before descending to earth. Buddha Shakyamuni placed his crown on the head of Maitreya (Maidar), the Buddha of the coming kalpa.
GAZHIDMA (Tib.) - Generating admiration.
GALDAMA - The name of the Dzungarian (Western Mongolian) hero who fought against the Manchu-Chinese invaders in the 17th century.
GALDAN (Tib.) - Having a blessed fate.
GALZHAN (Tib. female) - Gracious, happy. The name of the goddess of good fortune Byagavati.
GALSAN (Tib.) - Good fate. Usually it means the blessed world order, kalpa.
GALSANDABA (Tib.) - Good fate, born under the Moon.
GALSANNIMA (Tib.) - Good fate, born under the Sun.
Galchi, Galshi (Tib.) - Great fate, happy.
GAMA (Tib.) - female form from Gaba.
GAMBAL (Tib.) - Radiant happiness.
GAMPIL (Tib.) - Multiplying joy.
GAN - steel.
GANBAATAR - Steel hero
GANBATA - Strong steel.
GANBULAD - The hardened steel.
GANSUHE - Steel axe.
GANTUMER - Steel iron.
GANKHUYAG - Steel chain mail, steel armor.
GANJIL (Tib.) - Joy, happiness.
GANZHIMA (Tib.) - Snow born. Epithet of the goddess Uma.
GANJUR (Tib.) - The name of the Buddhist canon Tanchzhur, consisting of 108 volumes, which contain over 2000 sutras.
GARMA (Tib.) - Star, constellation.
GARMASU (Tib.) - The female form of Garma.
GARMAZHAB (Tib.) - Protected by a star.
GATAB (Tib.) - Reached joy; ascetic, hermit, monk.
GENIN (Tib.) - A friend of virtue, close to piety. A genin is a layman who made 5 vows: do not kill living beings, do not take things that do not belong to him, do not commit adultery, do not lie, do not drink.
GENINDARMA (Tib.) - A young friend of virtue.
GOMBO (Tib.) - The name of the patron, protector, keeper of the faith.
GOMBOJAB (Tib.) - Protected by the guardian, defender of the faith.
GOMBODORJO (Tib.) - Diamond guardian, defender of the faith.
GOMBOTSEREN (Tib.) - Long life of the guardian, defender of the faith.
GONGOR (Tib.) - White guardian.
GONCHIG (Tib.) - Jewel.
GOOHON - Beauty.
GUMPIL (Tib.) - Increasing everything.
GUNGA (Tib.) - Joy, fun. It is a Tibetan translation of Anand.
GUNGAZHALSAN (Tib.) - A joyful symbol, a sign of victory.
GUNGANIMA (Tib.) - Joyful sun.
GUNGANIMBU (Tib.) - Magnanimous joy.
GUNDEN (Tib.) - Pious, pious.
GUNDENSAMBU (Tib.) - Good in all respects. The name of adi is the Buddha Samantabhadra.
GUNJID (Tib.) - Pleasing everyone.
GUNZEN (Tib.) - All-encompassing, all-sustaining.
GUNSEN (Tib.) - The best of all.
GUNSEMA (Tib.) - The female form of Gunsen.
GUNTUB (Tib.) - Conquering all.
GUNCHEN (Tib.) - Omniscient, omniscient.
GURGEMA (Tib.) - Dear.
GURE (Sanskrit.) - Teacher, spiritual mentor. Buryat pronunciation of the Sanskrit word "Guru".
GUREBAZAR (Sanskrit) - Diamond teacher.
GUREDARMA (Sanskrit.Tib.) - Young teacher.
GUREJAB (Sanskrit.Tib.) - Protected by the teacher.
GURERAGSHA (Sanskrit.) - The patronage of the Teacher.
GYMA (Tib.) - Peace, tranquility.
GGEEN - Enlightened. It was used as the title of the highest lamas in Mongolia. For example, Bogdo-gegeen, Under-gegeen.
GELEG (Tib.) - Happiness, luck, prosperity.
GELEGMA (Tib.) - Feminine form of Geleg.
GEMPEL." GEPEL (Tib.) - Multiplying happiness.
GEMPELMA, GEPELMA (Tib.) - Feminine form of Gempel, Gepel.
GERELMA - Light.
GESER - The name of the hero of the Buryat epic of the same name.
DABA (Tib.) - Moon.
DABAJAB (Tib.) - Protected by the Moon.
DABATSEREN (Tib.) - Long life under the moon.
DAGBA (Tib.) - Clean.
DAGBAZHALSAN (Tib.) - Pure sign of victory.
DAGDAN (Tib.) - Famous, famous.
DAGZAMA (Tib.) - Holding glory. The name of the wife of Prince Siddhartha, who was famous for her beauty, wisdom and virtue.
DAGMA (Tib.) - Famous.
DALAI - Ocean, sea.
DALBA (Tib.) - Silence, peace.
DAMBA (Tib.) - Exalted, excellent, holy.
DAMBADORJO (Tib.) - Sacred diamond.
DAMBADUGAR (Tib.) - Sacred white umbrella.
DAMBANIM (Tib.) - The sun of holiness.
DAMDIN (Tib.) - Having a horse's neck. Tibetan name for the deity Hayagriva.
DAMDINTSEREN (Tib.) - Long life of a horse with a neck.
DAMPIL (Tib.) - Prosperous happiness.
DANDAR (Tib.) - Spreading the teachings.
DANJUR (Tib.) - The name of the Buddhist canon "Danchzhur", consisting of 225 volumes, including about 4000 sutras.
DANZAN (Tib.) - Holder of the Teachings of the Buddha, this is part of the names of the Dalai Lama 14, but in the sound of Tenzin.
DANSARAN (Tib.) - Saint, sage.
DANSRUN (Tib.) - Guardian of the Teaching.
DARA (Sanskrit) - Liberator. Buryat pronunciation of the Sanskrit word "Tara". Dara and Dari are the names of Green and White Tar.
DARZHA (Tib.) - Rapid development, prosperity.
DARI (Sanskrit) - Liberator. The name of White Tara.
DARIZHAB (Sanskrit.Tib.) - Protected by White Tara.
DARIMA (Sanskrit.) - The same as Dari.
DARIHANDA (Sanskrit.Tib.) - Heavenly liberator. o
DARMA (Tib.) - Young, young.
DARKHAN - Blacksmith.
DASHI (Tib.) - Happiness, prosperity, prosperity.
DASHIBAL (Tib.) - Shine of happiness.
DASHIBALBAR (Tib.) - Radiance of happiness.
DASHIGALSAN (Tib.) - A happy fate in prosperity.
DASHIDONDOK (Tib.) - Creating happiness.
DASHIDONDUB (Tib.) - Happy fulfilling the aspirations of all living beings.
DASHIDORJO (Tib.) - Lucky diamond.
DASHIDUGAR (Tib.) - Happy white umbrella.
DASHIZHAB (Tib.) - Protected by happiness.
DASHIZHAMSA (Tib.) - The ocean of happiness.
DASHIZEBGE (Tib.) - Folded happiness.
DASH IM A (Tib.) - Happy.
DASHINAMZHIL (Tib.) - Victorious.
DASHINIMA (Tib) - Happy sun.
DASHIRABDAN (Tib.) - Lasting happiness.
DASHITSEREN (Tib.) - The happiness of a long life.
DIMED (Tib.) - Clean, spotless. Epithet of Buddha.
DOGSAN (Tib.) - Magic peak.
DOLGOR, DOLGORMA (Tib.) - White liberator. Tibetan name for White Tara.
DOLGEON - Wave.
DOLZHIN (Tib.) - Green liberator. Tibetan name for Green Tara.
SHOULD (Tib.) - Rescuing, saving.
DONGARMA (Tib.) - White-faced.
DONDOK (Tib.) - Well-intentioned.
DONDUB (Tib.) - Fulfilling the desires of all living beings. Tibetan translation of the Sanskrit Siddhartha. Buddha Shakyamuni's name given to him at birth.
DONID (Tib.) - Essence of emptiness.
DONIR (Tib.) - Caring about the meaning.
DORJO (Tib.) - Diamond. Literally "prince of stones". Tibetan translation of the Sanskrit word "Vajra".
DORZHOZHAB (Tib) - Protected by a diamond.
DORZHOKHANDA (Tib.) - Diamond Dakini. The name of one of the 5 main dakinis.
DUBSHAN (Tib.) - Great yogi.
DUGAR (Tib.) - White umbrella.
DUGARJAB (Tib.) - Protected by a white umbrella.
DUGARMA (Tib.) - White umbrella. The name of the dakini Sitapatra, who protects from diseases, misfortunes. Especially children.
DUGARTSEREN (Tib.) - Long life under the protection of the White Umbrella (Sitapatra).
DUGDAN (Tib.) - Kind, merciful, compassionate.
DUL MA (Tib.) - Liberator. Has the same meaning as Dara.
DULSAN (Tib.) - the same meaning as Dulma.
DULMAZHAB (Tib.) - Protected by the Liberator.
DUNJIT (Tib.) - Generating desires.
DUNZEN (Tib.) - Holding time. The epithet of Yamaraji (in Buryat Erlig-nomumun khan), the lords of the dead.
DEJIT (Tib.) - Bliss, well-being.
DELGER - Spacious, extensive.
DELEG (Tib.) - Peace, happiness.
DEMA (Tib.) - Satisfied, prosperous.
DEMBEREL (Tib) - An omen.
DEMSHEG, DEMCHOG (Tib.) - Higher happiness. The name of the most important Tantric deity is Samvara Yidam, who lives on Mount Kailash.
DENJIDMA (Tib.) - Support, epithet of the earth, the globe.
DENSEN (tib) - Good truth.
DENSEMA (Tib.) - the female form of Densen.
DESHIN (Tib.) - Great good.
ENDON (Tib.) - Dignity; virtue; knowledge.
ENDONZHAMSA (Tib.) - The ocean of knowledge.
YESHE, YESHI (Tib.) - Omniscience, Perfection of wisdom.
YESHIZHAMSA (Tib.) - The ocean of perfect wisdom.
YESHIDORJO (Tib.) - Diamond of perfect wisdom.
YESHIDOLGOR (Tib.) - Omniscient white liberator.
ESHINKHORLO (Tib.) - Wheel of omniscience.
TOAD (Tib.) - Protection, patronage, shelter. Epithet of Buddha.
JADAMBA (Tib.) - 8 - thousandth. The short name of the variant of prajna, shortened to 8,000, is paramita.
JALMA (Tib.) - Queen. Epithet of the goddess Uma.
JALSAB (Tib.) - Regent, vice-king. Epithet of the Buddha Maitreya.
JALSAN (Tib.) - A symbol, a sign of victory. Buddhist attribute: a cylindrical banner made of colored silk; this kind of banners are attached to flagpoles or worn during religious processions. It is also one of the 8 auspicious emblems.
JALSARAI (Tib.) - Prince, prince.
ZHAMBA (Tib.) - Mercy, kindness. The name of the coming Buddha Maitreya.
ZHAMBAL (Tib.) - Benevolent. The name of the bodhisattva is Manjushri.
ZHAMBALDORJO (Tib) - Blessing diamond.
ZHAMBALZHAMSA (tib) - Beneficent ocean.
ZHAMSA (Tib.) - Sea, ocean. Buryat pronunciation of the Tibetan word Gyatso. It is included as an obligatory name in the names of the Dalai Lamas and other great lamas.
ZHAMSARAN (Tib.) - Deity of warriors.
ZHAMYAN (Tib.) - Sympathetic. Epithet Manjushri.
JANA (Sanskrit.) - Wisdom. From the Sanskrit word Jnana.
ZHANCHIB (Tib.) - Enlightened. Tibetan translation of the word "bodhi". The first meaning is translated as enlightened, and the second as the wisdom tree (fig tree), under which Shakyamuni Buddha attained enlightenment.
ZHARGAL - Happiness.
ZHARGALMA (female) - Happiness.
ZHARGALSAYKHAN - Beautiful happiness.
ZHIGDEN (Tib.) - The Universe.
ZHIGJIT (Tib.) - Terrifying guardian of the faith.
ZHIGMIT (Tib.) - Fearless, courageous; Indestructible.
ZHIGMITDORZHO (Tib.) - Fearless diamond; Indestructible diamond.
ZHIGMITTSEREN (Tib.) - Indestructible long life.
JIMBA (Tib.) - Alms, charity, donation. Generosity is one of the 6 paramitas, see Abarmid.
ZHIMBAZHAMSA (tib) - The ocean of generosity.
ZHUGDER (Tib.) - Ushnisha (a growth on the crown of the Buddha as one of his remarkable signs of enlightenment).
ZHUGDERDIMED (Tib.) - Pure, unstained ushnisha.
JUMBRUL (Tib.) - Magic, magic.
ZHUMBRULMA (tib. female) - Magic, magic.
ZHEBZEN (Tib.) - Venerable, reverend (in relation to hermits, saints, learned lamas.)
ZHEBZEMA (Tib.) - the female form of Zhebzen.
ZANA - the same as Jean.
ZANABADAR (Sanskrit) - Good wisdom.
ZANABAZAR (Sanskrit.) - Diamond of wisdom. The name of the first Mongolian Bogdo Jebzundamba, popularly nicknamed Under-gegeen.
ZANDAN (Sanskrit) - Sandalwood.
ZANDRA (Sanskrit.) - Moon. Buryat pronunciation of the Sanskrit word "chandra".
ZAYATA - Happy fate.
ZODBO, SODBO (Tib.) - Patience, patience is one of the 6 gtaramites, see Abarmid.
ZOLTO - Lucky, happy.
ZOLOZAYA - Happy fate.
ZORIG, ZORIGTO - Bold, brave.
ZUNDA (Tib.) - Diligent, diligent, diligent.
ZEBGE (tib) - Folded, ordered.
IDAM (Tib.) - Contemplated deity. In Tantrism, a guardian deity that a person chooses as his patron either for life or for individual (special) occasions.
IDAMJAB (Tib.) - Protected by a contemplative deity.
LAYDAB (Tib.) - Performing deeds.
LAYJIT (Tib.) - Happy karma.
LAIJITHANDA (Tib.) - Happy karma of the dakini.
LAMAZHAB (Tib.) - Protected by the highest.
LENHOBO - Lotus.
LOBSAN, LUBSAN (Tib.) - Wise, scientist.
LUBSANBALDAN (Tib.) - Glorious wise.
LUBSANDORJO (Tib.) - Wise diamond.
LUBSANTSEREN (Tib.) - Wise long life.
LUBSAMA (Tib.) - Wise, learned.
LODOI (Tib.) - Wisdom.
LODOIDAMBA (Tib.) - Holy wisdom.
LODOJAMSA (Tib.) - The ocean of wisdom.
LODON (Tib.) - Wise.
LODONDAGBA (Tib.) - Sacred wisdom.
LONBO (Tib.) - High-ranking official, adviser.
LOPIL (Tib.) - With a developed mind.
LOSOL (Tib.) - Clear mind.
LOCHIN, LOCHON (Tib.) - Gifted, talented, with great mental abilities.
LUDUP (Tib.) - Received siddhis from the Nagas. The name of Nagarjuna, the great Indian teacher in the II-III century.
LHASARAI (Tib.) - Prince, prince, literally - the son of a deity.
LHASARAN (Tib.) - Protected by a deity.
LYGZHIMA, LEGZHIMA (Tib.) - Noble. Name of Buddha's mother.
LYGSIK, LEGSEK (Tib.) - Accumulation of good.
LEBRIM (Tib.) - Well painted, i.e. a goddess with a drawing in her hands, speaking of holiness.
LEGDEN, LYGDEN (Tib.) - Virtuous, full of everything that is good.
LEGZHIN (Tib.) - Giving all the good, bestowing good. An epithet of the goddess Tara.
MAIDAR (Tib.) - Loving all living beings. Buryat pronunciation of Maitreya - Buddha of the coming kalpa (world order). Maitreya is currently in Tushita, where he is waiting for the time of his entry as a Buddha into the world of people.
MAKSAR (Tib.) - Endowed with a huge army. The name of the deity Yama, the lord of the dead.
MAXARMA (Tib.) - Endowed with a huge army. The name of Yama's wife.
MANGE (Tib.) - Many giving birth.
MANZAN (Tib.) - Holding a lot. The epithet of fire.
MANZARAKSHA (Tib.) - the same as Banzaraksha.
MANI (Sanskrit) - Jewel.
MANIBADAR (Sankrit.) - Blessed treasure.
MIGMAR, MYAGMAR (Tib.) - Literally means red eye, in fact the planet Mars, which corresponds to Tuesday.
MIJID (Tib.) - Unshakable, imperturbable. The name of one of the Dhyani Buddhas, Akshobhya, seated in the east.
MIJIDDORJO (Tib.) - An unshakable diamond.
MINJUR (Tib.) - Permanent, unchanging.
MINJURMA (Tib.) - Constant, unchanging.
MITUP, MITIB (Tib.) - Invincible, unsurpassable.
MUNHE - Eternal. Eternity.
MUNHEBAATAR - Eternal hero.
MUNHEBATA - Strong eternity.
MUNHEBAYAR - Eternal joy.
MUNHEDELGER - Eternal flourishing.
MUNKHEZHARGAL - Eternal happiness.
MUNHEZAYA - Eternal destiny.
MUNHESESEG - Eternal flower.
MUNHETUYA - Eternal Dawn.
MUNGEN - Silver.
MUNGENSESEG - Silver flower.
MUNGENTUYA - Silver Dawn.
MUNGENSHAGAY - Silver ankle.
MEDEGMA (Tib.) - Flower.
MERGEN - Wise, well-aimed.
NADMIT (Tib.) - Not having diseases, healthy, strong.
NAYDAK (Tib.) - The owner of the area, the deity of the area.
NAYDAN (Tib.) - An elder, an old and revered Buddhist monk.
NAYZHIN (Tib.) - Gave away the area. The epithet of Vishnu, one of the gods of Hinduism, constituting with Brahma and Shiva the divine triad in Hinduism.
NAYSRUN (Tib.) - The guardian of the area.
NAMDAG (Tib.) - Completely pure, or glorious.
NAMDAGZHALBA (Tib.) - King of glory. Epithet of Buddha.
NAMJAY (Tib.) - Abundant.
NAMZHAL, NAMZHIL (Tib.) - Complete victory, winner.
NAMZHALMA, NAMZHILMA (Tib.) - Complete winner, winner. Epithet of the goddess Uma.
NAMZHALDORZHO (Tib.) - Diamond winner.
NAMLAN (Tib.) - Dawn, dawn, sunrise.
NAMNAY (Tib.) - Constantly existing. The epithet of the sun.
NAMSAL (Tib.) - Bright radiance, illuminating everything. The epithet of the sun.
NAMSALMA (Tib.) - Brilliant.
NAMSARAY ((Tib.) - The name of the deity of wealth.
NAMHA (Tib.) - Sky.
NAMHABAL (Tib.) - Heavenly radiance.
NAMHAY (Tib.) - Omniscient, omniscient.
NAMHAINIMBU (Tib.) - Omniscient, generous.
NAMSHI (Tib.) - Perfect knowledge, intuition.
NARAN - Sun.
NARANBAATAR - Solar hero.
NARANGEREL - Sunlight.
NARANZAYA - Solar destiny.
NARANSESEG - Solar flower.
NARANTUYA - Solar dawn.
NASAN - Life.
Nasanbata - Strong life.
NATsAG (Tib.) - Ecumenical.
NATSAGDORZHO (Tib.) - Universal diamond. Attribute of Amoghasiddhi, one of the Dhyani-Buddhas guarding the north.
START, NASHAN - Falcon.
NASHANBATA - Solid falcon.
NASHANBAATAR - Falcon - hero.
NIMA (Tib.) - The sun, which corresponds to the resurrection.
NIMAJAB (Tib.) - Protected by the sun.
NIMATSERN (Tib.) - Long life of the sun.
NIMBU (Tib.) - Magnanimous.
NOMGON - Calm, meek.
NOMIN - Emerald.
NOMINGEREL - Emerald light.
NOMINSESEG - Emerald flower.
NOMINTUYA - Emerald dawn.
NOMTO - Scientist, wise.
NOMSHO - A scribe who keeps a vow.
NORBO (Tib.) - Jewel.
NORBOSAMBU (Tib.) - Wonderful jewel. Epithet of the deity of wealth. o
NORDAN (Tib.) - The owner of wealth, the epithet of the earth, the globe.
NORDOP (Tib.) - Rich.
NORZHIMA (Tib.) - Giving wealth.
NORJON (Tib.) - Keeper of property.
NORJUNMA (Tib.) - The flow of wealth. Epithet of Indra's wife, queen of heaven.
NORZEN (Tib.) - Holding wealth.
NORPOL (Tib.) - Precious radiance.
OJIN (Tib.) - Giving light. The epithet of the Sun.
OD OH - Star. ODONGEREL - Starlight. ODONZAYA - Star destiny. ODONSEEG - Star flower.
ODONTUYA - Starry dawn.
ODSAL, ODSOL (Tib.) - Clear light.
ODSRUN (Tib.) - Keeper of light.
ODSER (Tib.) - Rays of light.
OIDOB, OIDOP (Tib.) - Perfection, ability, siddhi. Siddhi means the supernatural power of a person, acquired by him as a result of the practice of yoga.
OLZON - Find, profit.
ONGON - Spirit, genius - the guardian of shamanists. Another meaning is a holy, revered, reserved place.
OSOR (Tib.) - the same as Odser.
OTHON - Junior. Literally - the keeper of the hearth.
OTKHONBAYAR - Younger joy.
OTHON BELIG - Junior Wisdom.
OTHONSESEG - Junior flower.
OCHIGMA (Tib.) - Radiant.
OCHIRE, OSHOR - Buryat pronunciation of the Sanskrit word "vajra" - diamond. See Bazaar.
OCHIRJAB (Sanskrit - Tib.) - Protected by a diamond.
OSHORNIMA (Sanskrit - Tib.) Diamond Sun.
OSHON - Spark.
OSHONGEREL - Light of a spark.
OYUUNA - Has two meanings: mind, talent and turquoise.
OYUUNBELIG - Wise, talented, gifted.
OYUNGEREL - Light of wisdom.
OYUUNTUYA - Dawn of wisdom.
OYUUNSHEMEG - Turquoise decoration.
PAGBA (Tib.) - Holy, noble.
PAGMA (Tib.) - Honorable lady, queen.
PALAM (Tib.) - Diamond, diamond.
PIGLAY (Tib.) - Holy karma.
PIRAYGLAY (Tib.) - the same as Prinlay.
PRINLAY (Tib.) - The act of a bodhisattva, a saint.
PUNSEG (Tib.) - Perfect, happy, beautiful.
PUNSEGNIMA (Tib.) - The sun of prosperity.
PURBE (Tib.) - Planet Jupiter, which corresponds to Thursday; the name of a magical triangular dagger used to drive away evil spirits.
PELMA (Tib.) - Multiplying.
PELJED (Tib.) - Growing, increasing. An epithet for Vishnu.
RABDAN (Tib.) - The strongest, very strong.
RABSAL (Tib.) - Distinct, clear.
RADNA (Sanskrit.) - Jewel.
RADNASAMBU (Sanskrit - Tib.) - A beautiful jewel.
RAGCHA, RAKSHA (Sanskrit) - Protection.
RANJUN (Tib.) - Self-arising.
RANGE (Tib.) - Self-changing, improving.
RANPIL (Tib.) - Self-increasing.
RUGBY (Tib.) - Smart.
RINCHIN, IRINCHIN (Tib.) - Jewel.
RINCHINDORJO (Tib.) - Precious diamond.
RINCHINSENGE (Tib.) - Precious lion.
RINCHINKHANDA (Tib.) - Precious heavenly fairy (dakina).
REGDEL (Tib.) - Free from attachments.
REGZED (Tib.) - Treasury of knowledge.
REGSEL (Tib.) - Clear knowledge.
REGZEN, IRGIZIN (Tib.) - A sage holding knowledge.
REGZEMA (Tib.) - Feminine form of Ragzen.
SAGAADAY - White, light
SAIZHIN (Tib.) - Giving food, giving alms.
SAINBATA - Strong beautiful.
SAINBAYAR - Wonderful joy.
SAINBELIG - Beautiful wisdom.
SAINJARGAL - Wonderful happiness.
SAMBU (Tib.) - Good, kind, beautiful
SAMDAN (Tib.) - The name comes from the Buddhist concept of dhyana-samdan, meaning the initial stage of concentration, meditation, in which the object of concentration completely captures the mind. In a word - reflection, contemplation
SAMPIL (tib.) - Practicing contemplation.
SANGAZHAP (Skt.) - Protected by the community (i.e. the Buddhist sangha).
SANDAG, SANDAK, (Tib.) - Lord of the secret. The epithet of the bodhisattva Vajrapani (bur. Oshor Vani). See explanations for CHAGDAR.
SANDAN - Same as Samdan
SANJAY (Tib.) - Spreading purity. Tibetan translation of the word Buddha, an epithet of Buddha.
SANJAYJAB (Tib.) - Protected by the Buddha.
SANJADORJO (Tib.) - Diamond Buddha.
SANZHARAGSHA (Sanskrit. Tib.) - Patronage of the Buddha.
SANJID (Tib.) - Cleansing. The epithet of fire, water and the sacred grass of kusha.
SANJIDMA - Feminine form from Sanjid.
SANJIMA (Tib.) - Clean, honest.
SANZHIMITYP (Tib.) - Invincible.
SARAN - Moon.
SARANGEREL - Moonlight, beam.
SARANSESEG - Lunar flower.
SARANTUYA - Lunar dawn.
SARUUL - Most Serene, talented.
SARYUN - Beautiful, magnificent.
SAHIR - Pale, whitish.
SAYAN - In honor of the Sayan Mountains.
SAYANA - The female form of the Saiyans.
SODBO - The same as Zodbo.
SODNOMBAL (Tib.) - Increasing, multiplying spiritual merits.
SODNOM (Tib.) - Spiritual merit, virtues acquired as a result of committing virtuous deeds.
SOEL - Education, upbringing, culture.
SOELMA - Feminine form from Soel.
SOYJIMA - Female form from Soyzhin.
SOYZHIN (Tib.) - Giver of healing, heal the drink.
SOKTO - right - Sogto - Sparkling, lively.
SOLBON - There are two meanings: the planet Venus, which corresponds to Friday and dexterous, agile.
SOLONGO - Rainbow.
SOLTO - Glorious, famous, famous.
SOSOR (Tib.) - Normal.
SRONZON (tib) - Rectilinear, unbending. The name in combination with Gampo (Srontszan Gampo) - the famous king of Tibet of the UP century, who created a vast Tibetan state and was considered the patron of Buddhism.
SUBADI, SUBDA - Pearl, pearl. *
SULTIM (Tib.) - Moral. Buddhist concept of moral purity (thoughts, speech and deeds); one of the paramitas (see Abarmit)
SUMATI (Skt.) - Scientist, educated.
SUMATIRADNA (Skt.) - Precious knowledge, or a treasury of learning. The name of Rinchen Nomtoev (1820-1907) - a prominent Buryat scientist, writer and educator in the second half of the 19th century.
SUMBER (Skt.) - Buryat - the Mongolian form from Sumeru - the king of the mountains. The name of the mythical mountain, the center of the universe.
SUNDAR (Tib.) - Spreading instructions.
SURANZAN - Magnet.
SURUN (Tib.) - Protection, amulet.
SUHE - Ax.
SUHEBAATAR - Ax - hero. The name of a Mongolian revolutionary, commander, one of the founders of the Mongolian People's Republic.
SYZHIP (Tib.) - Protected, guarded by life.
SEBEGMID (Tib.) - Eternal life, immeasurable life. Buddha's name is Amitayus, the deity of longevity.
SEMZHED (Tib.) - Pleasing to the mind. Epithet of the goddess Uma. queens of heaven.
SENGE (Sanskrit) - Lev.
SENGEL, SENGELEN - Cheerful, joyful.
SENDEMA (Tib.) - Lion-faced. The name of the heavenly fairy (dakini) of wisdom.
SENHE - Hoarfrost.
SERGELEN - Agile, nimble.
SERZHIMA (Tib.) - Golden.
SERZHIMEDEG (Tib.) - Golden flower.
SEREMZHE - Vigilance, sensitivity.
SESEG, SESEGMA - Flower.
SESEN - Smart, wise.
SESERLIG - Flower garden, garden.
TABHAI (Tib.) - Skillful, capable.
TAGAR (tib) - White tiger. The name of a deity of the Naga class.
TAMIR - Strength (physical), energy, health.
TAMJID (Tib.) - All-good.
TOGMID, TOGMIT (Tib.) - Having no beginning, the original eternal; epithet of Adibuddha.
TOLON - Ray, brilliance, radiance, purity.
TUBDEN (Tib.) - The teachings of the Buddha, Buddhism.
TUBCHIN, TUBSHIN (Tib.) - Great, holy, epithet of Buddha ..
TUVAN (Tib) - the lord of ascetics, an epithet of Buddha
TUVANDORJO (Tib.) - Diamond lord of ascetics.
TUGALDER - Full, overflowing.
TUGES - Complete, completed.
TUGESBATA - Strong full.
TUGESBAYAN - Full of wealth.
TUGESBAYAR - Full of joy.
TUGESBAYASKHALAN - Full of joy.
TUGESZHARGAL - Complete happiness.
TUGET - Tibetan.
TUDUP, TUDEB (Tib.) - Powerful, magical.
TUDEN (Tib.) - Strong, powerful.
TUMEN - Ten thousand, a lot of abundance.
TUMENBATA - Strong abundance.
TUMENBAYAR - Abundant joy.
TUMENZHARGAL - Abundant happiness.
TUMER - Iron.
TUMERBAATAR - Iron hero.
TUNGALAG - Transparent, clean.
TURGEN - Fast, agile. Wed Turgejuv.
TUSHEMEL - Noble, dignitary, minister.
TUSHIN (Tib.) - The great power of magic.
TUYANA - A stylized form from "tuyaa" - dawn, rays of light, radiance
TEMULEN - Rushing forward, swift. The name of the daughter of Genghis Khan (1153-1227).
TEHE - goat.
UBASHI (Skt.) - A layman who has taken> beta.
UDBAL (Skt.) - Blue lotus.
UEN - Ermine.
ULZY - Spreading happiness.. ULZYZHARGAL - Happiness.
ULEMZHE - Many, abundance. The planet Mercury, which corresponds to the environment.
UNERMA - Happy.
UNERSAIKHAN - Beautiful happiness.
URZHAN (Tib.) - Head decoration, crown.
URZHIMA (Tib.) - Diadem.
URIN - Gentle, affectionate, friendly.
URINBAYAR - Gentle joy.
URINGEREL - Gentle light.
URINJARGAL - Gentle happiness.
URINSESEG - Delicate flower.
URINTUYA - Gentle dawn.
UYANGA - Flexible, plastic, melodic.
KHADAN (Tib.) - Having gods, an epithet of Lhasa.
HAZHID (Tib.) - A celestial being in heaven.
KHAJIDMA - Feminine form from Khazhid.
HAYBZAN (Tib.) - Spiritual person, monk, scholar and righteous.
HAYDAB, HAYDAP (Tib.) - Clever, holy.
HAYDAN (Tib.) - Wise, persistent.
HAIMCHIG (Tib.) - An outstanding connoisseur, a famous scientist.
HAMATSYREN (from Lhamanyren) (Tib.) - Goddess of long life.
KHANDA (Tib.) - Marching through the sky; epithet of the sun.
HANDAZHAP (Tib.) - Patronized by a heavenly fairy (dakine).
KHANDAMA (Tib.) - Dakinis, celestial fairies, female deities. Literally: walking through the sky.
HASH - Chalcedony.
KHASHBAATAR - Chalcedony hero. The name of the famous Mongol commander during the creation of the Mongolian People's Republic.
HONGOR - Sweet, charming, affectionate.
KHORLO (Tib.) - Circle, wheel.
HUBDAI - Amber.
HUBISHAL - Change, change.
KHUBITA - Having a destiny.
KHULAN - Antelope. The name of one of the wives of Genghis Khan.
HUREL - Bronze.
KHURELBAATAR - Bronze hero.
HUYAG - Mail, armor.
HERMAN - Squirrel.
HASHEGTE - Happiness, prosperity, mercy.
ZOKTO - Same as Sokto.
TSYBEGMIT - The same as Sabegmid.
CYBAN, TSEBEN (Tib.) - Lord of life.
TSYBIK, TSEBEG (Tib.) - Immortal.
TSIBIKZHAB, TSEBEGZHAB (Tib.) - Protected by immortality, eternity.
TSYDEN, TSEDEN (Tib.) - Strong life.
TSYDENBAL, TSEDENBAL (Tib.) - Increasing strong life.
Tsydenzhab, Tsedenzhab (Tib.) - Protected by strong life.
TSYDENDAMBA, TSEDENDAMBA (Tib.) - Holy strong life.
Tsydeneshi, Tsedeneshi (Tib.) - Omniscience of a strong life.
TSYDYP, TSEDEB (Tib.) - Lifegiver.
TSYMBAL (Tib.) - Prosperity. It is also often found as - Symbel.
CHICKEN (Tib.) - Multiplying life.
TSIREMZHIT, TSEREMZHIT (Tib.) - Happiness, the benefit of a long life.
TSIREN, TSEREN (Tib) - Long life.
TSIRENDASHI, TSERENDASHA (Tib.) - Prosperity of a long life.
TSIRENDORZHO, TSERENDORZHO (Tib.) - Diamond of long life.
TSIRENDULMA, TSERENDULMA (Tib.) - Long life of the liberator, i.e. White Tara.
TSIRENDYZHID, TSERENDEZHED (Tib.) - Prosperous long life.
TSYRENZHAB, TSERENZHAB (Tib.) - Protected by a long life.
TSYRETOR (Tib.) - Treasury of long life.
CYRMA - The female form from Tsyren, although there is also a form of Tsyrenma.
TsEPEL (Tib.) - Prolonging life.
TSERIGMA (Tib.) - Healer.
CEREMPIL (Tib.) - Multiplying long life.
CHAGDAR (Tib.) - With a vajra in his hand. The name of Vajrapani (Oshorvani), an angry deity, symbolizing strength, destroying ignorance.
CHIMBE - Form from Zhimbe.
CHIMIT (Tib) - Immortal.
CHIMITDORJI (Tib.) - Diamond of immortality.
CHIMITTSU is the female form of Chimit.
CHINGIS - The name of the founder of the Great Mongolian state.
CHOYBALSAN (Tib) - A wonderfully flourishing teaching.
CHOIBON - The same as Shoibon.
CHOYZHOL, CHOYZHIL (Tib.) - The king who rules according to the teachings. Serves as an epithet for Yama, the lord of the realm of the dead.
CHOYJON (Tib.) - Defender of religion.
CHOYMPEL (Tib.) - Spreading the Teaching.
CHOYNJIN (Tib.) - Religious offering, alms.
CHOINKHOR - Tibetan translation of the Sanskrit word "dharmachakra", i.e. "Wheel of Buddha's Teachings". This is one of the widespread attributes, symbolizing the preaching of Buddhist teachings. The Choinhor (Khorlo) symbol is installed on the pediment of Buddhist temples, accompanied by a lying fallow deer and a deer, which is associated with the first sermon of the Buddha in the "Deer Park" in Benares. The eight spokes of the wheel symbolize the "noble eightfold path" commanded in this sermon: a righteous view; righteous behavior; righteous determination; righteous speech; righteous lifestyle; righteous effort; righteous awareness; righteous contemplation. It is also the name of the path along which pilgrims make a detour around Lhasa, the capital of Tibet, and the prayer wheel.
CHONSRUN (Tib.) - Protecting the teaching.
SHAGDAR - Form from Chagdar.
SHAGI (Tib.) - A Buddhist term meaning a mystical gesture - mudra - a certain position of the hand and fingers of Buddhist saints and lamas. Literally: the sign of the fingers of the hand.
SHIRAB, SHIRAP (Tib.) - Intuition; wisdom.
SHIRABSENGE (Tib. - Skt.) - Lion of wisdom.
SHIRIDARMA (Skt.) - Excellent Teaching.
SHODON (Tib.) - Buryat form from the Tibetan "chorten". Chorten (Skt. stupa) is a Buddhist ritual structure of certain proportions, erected over the relics of the Buddha, great holy lamas, etc. We are better known under the name "suburgan".
SHOEN (Tib.) - The sphere of religion.
SHOIBON (Tib.) - A subject of the Teaching, a follower of the Buddhist Teaching.
SHOIDAGBA (Tib.) - Preacher.
SHOJON - The same as Choijon.
Shoizhinima (Tib.) - The Sun of the Teaching.
SHOINKHOR - The same as Choinhor.
SHONO - Wolf.
SHULUUN - Stone.
SHULUUNBATA - Strong stone.
SHULUUNBAATAR - Stone hero.
SHULUUNSESEG - Stone flower.
EDIR - Young, young.
EILDER - Kind, delicate, courteous.
ELBEG - Abundant, abundant.
ELDEB-OCHIR (Mongolian, Skt.) - The Mongolian version of the name Natsagdorzhi, used along with it.
ENHE - Calm, prosperous.
ENHEAMGALAN - Prosperous calmness. The name of the Manchu Emperor Kangxi of the 17th century.
ENHEBATA - Strong well-being.
ENHEBAATAR - Peaceful hero.
ENHEBAYAR - Joyful well-being.
ENHEBULAD - Peaceful steel.
ENKHEZHARGAL - Happy well-being.
ENKHETAIBAN - Prosperous world.
ENHEREL - Tenderness.
ERDEM - Science, knowledge.
ERDEMBAYAR - Joyful knowledge.
ERDEMZHARGAL - Happy knowledge.
ERDENI - Jewel, treasure.
ERDENIBATA - Solid jewel.
ERZHENA - A stylized form from the Buryat "erzhen" - mother of pearl.
ERHETE - Full.
ETIGEL - Reliable.
Yum (Tib.) - Has several meanings: firstly - mother, secondly - shakti, divine power (the creative female aspect of the highest deity - Shiva), thirdly - as a Buddhist term - higher knowledge, intuition is an all-encompassing female source, from from which everything flows and to which everything returns). Finally, fourthly, Yum is the name of the third part of "Ganchzhur". The name Hume rarely occurs separately, mainly in complex compositions.
YUMDOLGOR (Tib.) - Mother - White savior, i.e. White Tara (bur: Sagaan Dara - Ehe).
YUMDORJI (Tib.) - Diamond (vajra) of intuition.
YUMDYLYK (Tib.) - Happiness, well-being of the mother.
YUMZHANA (Tib.) - Ornament of the mother, or the eye of intuition.
UMZHAP (Tib.) - Patronized by higher knowledge.
YUMZHID (Tib.) - Mother's happiness.
YUMSUN, YUMSUM (Tib.) - Queen - mother.
YUNDUN (tib,) - Its first meaning is the mystical cross, the swastika, which is one of the oldest Indian symbols of prosperity); the second is immutable, indestructible.
YABZHAN (Tib.) - Decoration of the father.
YAMPIL (Tib) - Multiplying the melody.
YANDAN (Tib.) - Melodic, sonorous.
YANZHIMA (Tib.) - The mistress of the melody, with a melodic voice. Epithet Sarasva-ti, goddess of eloquence, chants, patroness of arts and sciences.
YANZHIN - The same as Yanzhima.
YANJAY (Tib.) - A wonderful melody.
