Dead Souls is a mysterious and amazing work. For the first time, perhaps, you realize this when you pick up a solid prose work of the 1842 edition, and on the cover you read: “The Adventures of Chichikov. Dead Souls. Poem by N.V. Gogol ". Yes, and Gogol himself perceived "Dead Souls" as a "pre-long novel", but he defined the genre of his work in this way. And this, of course, is not accidental. A poem in the time of Gogol was a kind of quality mark. Certain requirements were imposed on works of this kind: sublime motives had to be present. In the poems, the author's voice had to sound, the author's position had to be clearly defined. In Gogol's work, all of his prose is colored with lyricism, because the writer considered it more effective for himself to directly deal with the word of truth and love. In Dead Souls, his voice sounded clear and piercing, in them confessional motives acquired special significance. Therefore, in the poem, some of the best pages are pages of lyrical digressions. Moreover, they differ in emotional coloring, in their subject matter, helping the reader to better understand the content of the work, to study in more detail the situation of the events taking place.
One of the most significant lyrical digressions is Gogol's reflections on the fate of writers who in their works derive positive or negative hero... The author of "Dead Souls" bitterly says that the modern public remains indifferent to tears "through ... laughter." Gogol defends the literature of critical realism, that is, that literature that is not afraid to show society all the bad sides of his life. He also defends satire, since he believes that it is based on humanistic principles, that the satirical depiction is based on love for people, a desire to correct their soul. As if continuing the theme he had begun, Gogol tells the story of Kifa Mokievich and Mokiy Kifovich and touches on the issue of true and false patriotism. According to the writer, true patriots are not those who think not about “not doing bad things, but about not saying that they are doing bad things,” but those who say the “holy truth” and are not afraid to focus on something deep gaze.
But if Gogol's reflections on the fate of writers or on patriotism are filled with regret and bitterness, then his satirical talent is fully manifested in his discussions about officials. A stinging criticism of officials and landlords is contained in the famous story about the fat and thin. "Alas! - remarks Gogol, - fat people know how to handle their affairs better in this world than thin ones. Brilliant characteristics of officials were given by the writer when describing the behavior of landowners in a conversation with Chichikov. Manilov, having heard Chichikov's offer to sell dead souls, did not understand anything, but made an intelligent face. In his lyrical digressions, miniatures, Gogol compares his heroes with Petersburg dignitaries. So, for example, Gogol speaks of the expression on Manilov's face, which can be seen "only in some too clever minister, and even then at the moment of the most dizzying thing." I help such digressions! to present to the reader the most complete portraits of the heroes of the work.
There are also moral digressions in Dead Souls. So, in the story about the meeting between Chichikov and Plyushkin, there are Gogol's addresses to youth. The writer calls on young people to preserve "all human movements" that allow a person to preserve himself and avoid degradation, which will not give the opportunity to turn into Plyushkin and his ilk.
But the most heartfelt digressions of Dead Souls were dedicated by Gogol to the Russian people. The writer's boundless love for the Russian person is manifested, for example, in the characteristics of the serf craftsmen (Mikheeva, Telyatnikova). But Gogol understands that a conflict is brewing between two worlds: the world of serfs and the world of landowners, and he warns of an impending clash throughout the book. And the author of Dead Souls hopes that the Russian people will have a flourishing culture ahead, the basis of which should be language. Gogol talks about this, reflecting on the accuracy of the Russian word. The author believes that there is no word that would be “so sweeping, boldly, so bursting out from under the very heart, so boiling and burning like a well-spoken Russian word”.
The poem ends with lyrical reflections on the fate of Russia. The image of Russia-Troika affirms the idea of the unstoppable movement of the Motherland, expresses the dream of its future and the hope for the emergence of real “virtuous people” who can save the country: “Oh, horses, horses, what horses! and at once they strained their brass breasts and, almost without touching the ground with their hooves, turned into only elongated lines flying through the air; and all inspired by God rushes! .. ”The author's faith in the future of the country is imbued with great emotional power.
In "Dead Souls", especially in lyrical digressions, the whole suffering soul of the great Russian writer, all his thoughts and feelings were reflected. Today it is worthwhile to refer to this work more often, to listen more often to the voice of N.V. Gogol. V.G. Belinsky noted: “Like any deep creation,“ Dead Souls ”do not fully reveal themselves from the first reading, even for thinking people: reading them a second time, it’s as if you’re reading a new, never seen work. Dead Souls need to be studied. "
The role of lyrical digressions in the poem "Dead Souls"
NV Gogol is one of the greatest figures in Russian literature. The pinnacle of his work is the poem "Dead Souls". It reflects all the main features of the author's talent.
The most important role in the compositional structure of Dead Souls is played by lyrical digressions and inserted episodes characteristic of the poem as literary genre... In them, Gogol touches on the most pressing Russian public issues. The author's thoughts about the high purpose of man, about the fate of the Motherland and the people are opposed here gloomy pictures Russian life.
At the beginning of the poem, the lyrical digressions are in the nature of the author's statements about his heroes, but as the action unfolds, their inner theme becomes wider and more multifaceted.
Having told about Manilov and Korobochka, the author interrupts the narration so that the picture of life drawn becomes clearer for the reader. The author's digression, which interrupts the story about Korobochka, contains a comparison with her "sister" from an aristocratic society, who, despite a different appearance, is no different from the local mistress.
After visiting Nozdryov, Chichikov meets a beautiful blonde on the road. The description of this meeting ends with a remarkable author's digression: "Everywhere, wherever in life, whether among the callous, rough-poor and untidy-moldy low-lying ranks of it, or among the monotonous cold and boringly tidy upper classes, everywhere at least once will meet on on the way to a person, a phenomenon that is not like everything that has happened to him until then, which at least once will awaken in him a feeling that is not similar to those that he is destined to feel all his life. " But that which is characteristic of many people, that appears "across" any kind of sorrow - all this is completely alien to Chichikov, whose cold prudence is juxtaposed here with the direct manifestation of feelings.
The lyrical digression at the end of the fifth chapter is of a completely different character. Here the author is no longer talking about the hero, not about the attitude towards him, but about the mighty Russian man, about the talent of the Russian people. Outwardly, this lyrical digression seems to have little to do with the entire previous development of the action, but it is very important for revealing the main idea of the poem: real Russia is not sobachevichi, nostrils and boxes, but the people, the element of the people.
The author's digression, which opens the sixth chapter, is also in close contact with lyrical statements about the Russian word and folk character.
The story about Plyushkin is interrupted by the author's angry words, which have a deep generalizing meaning: "And a person could condescend to such insignificance, pettiness, disgusting!"
Lyrical statements about creative and life destiny a writer in Gogol's contemporary society, about two different destinies awaiting a writer who creates "exalted images" and a realist writer, a satirist. This lyrical digression, full of deep thoughts and vivid generalizations, reflected not only the views of the writer on art, but also his attitude to the ruling elite of society, to the people. It determines both the ideological path of the writer and his assessment of the main social forces.
In the chapters devoted to the depiction of the city, we meet the author's statements about the extreme irritation of ranks and estates - "now all ranks and estates are so irritated that everything that is in a printed book already seems to them a person: this is, apparently, located in the air." Gogol ends his description of the general confusion with reflections on human delusions, on the false paths that mankind has often followed in its history, "but the current generation laughs and arrogantly, proudly begins a series of new delusions, which the descendants will also laugh at later."
The writer's civic pathos reaches particular strength in his lyrical digression - "Rus, Rus! I see you from my wonderful, beautiful far away." Like the lyrical monologue of the beginning of the seventh chapter, this lyrical digression makes a clear line between two major parts of the narrative - urban scenes and the story of Chichikov's origins. Here, in a broad sense, the theme of Russia appears, in which it was "poor, scattered and uncomfortable", but where heroes cannot but be born. The author's lyrical statements seem to be interrupted by the intrusion of harsh everyday prose. "And the mighty space menacingly embraces me, with a terrible force reflected in my depths; my eyes shone with unnatural power: wow! What a sparkling, wonderful, unfamiliar to earth, distance! Russia!
Hold, hold, fool! - shouted Chichikov to Selifan.
Here I am with a broadsword! - shouted a courier galloping towards him with a mustache in one yard. - And, like a ghost, the troika disappeared with thunder and dust. "
The vulgarity, emptiness, baseness of life are even more clearly outlined against the background of lofty lyrical lines. This technique of contrast was applied by Gogol with great skill. Thanks to such a sharp contrast, we better understand the vile features of the heroes of Dead Souls.
Immediately after this, the author shares with the reader the thoughts that the racing troika evokes in him, the distant road. "What a strange, and alluring, and carrying, and wonderful in the word the road! And how wonderful it is, this road." One after another, Gogol sketches here pictures of Russian nature that appear before the eyes of a traveler racing on fast horses along an autumn road. Both in the general mood of the author's monologue and in the rapidly changing pictures, there is a clear hint of the image of the bird-three, from which this lyrical digression is separated by a large chapter devoted to the adventures of Chichikov.
A high sense of patriotism fanned the image of Russia, which concludes the first volume of the poem, an image that embodied the ideal that illuminated the artist's path when depicting a petty, vulgar life.
This is the role of lyrical digressions in the composition of the poem. But the most important thing is that they express many of the author's views on art, relations between people. On the pages of the poem, Gogol wanted not only to denounce, but also to assert his moral ideal, and expressed it in his wonderful lyrical digressions, which reflected all his thoughts and feelings, and above all a great feeling of love for his people and fatherland, the belief that the homeland will break free from the power of the "swamp fires" and return to its true path: the path of a living soul.
Genre originality and the role of lyrical digressions in N. V. Gogol's poem "Dead Souls".
Lesson type: learning new material.
Targets and goals:
To educate the ability to correctly identify spiritual values;
To instill in students a sense of pride for the Motherland, patriotism;
to form the ability to highlight key moments, episodes, images that help to understand the problems of the work and its genre originality;
deepen the skill of analyzing a prose work;
consolidate literary concepts genre, kind of literature, lyrical digressions.
During the classes.
- < >- Hello. Today in the lesson we will continue the study of N. V. Gogol's poem "Dead Souls" and talk about the genre of this work and the role of lyrical digressions. In the next lesson, we are writing a cool essay, this lesson will help accumulate material. To do this, we will remember these concepts, we will work with the text.
The genre of literature (from the French genre genre, type) is a historically formed group of literary works, united by a set of formal and substantial forms. Literature genres are divided into epic, lyric and dramatic. But there is another genre of lyric-epic. What genre does the poem belong to? (to the lyric-epic). What other poems do you know? (acquaintance with the book exhibition). But these are all poetic works. And Dead Souls is written in prose. What is a poem? (a work of narrative or lyrical content, written in verse). What allowed the author to call his work a poem?
Lyrical digressions are an extra-plot element of the work: direct author's reasoning, reflection, utterance expressing the author's attitude to what is depicted.
So, the plot of the poem is based on the purchase of "dead souls" by Mr. Chichikov in order to put them on the board of trustees and receive a certain amount. This whole adventure is connected with several landowners.
2. Checking homework.
What was asked at home? (Make a table "Images of landowners in Nikolai Gogol's poem" Dead Souls "and prepare presentations)
Working with computers on the network. Everyone puts their work into the "Literature" folder. Individual students answer d / task.
CONCLUSION: Gogol's Russia is inhabited by spiritless people, that is, "dead souls." And what, then, is the positive hero of this work? (People, Russia). What is Russia itself?
One of the tasks of our lesson is, through lyrical digressions, to understand what problems of Russia and the motherland Gogol was thinking about.
3. Writing in a circle. HOMELAND IS ...
Reading out the resulting compositions. (1-2).
This is your understanding of this word, and Gogol, in order to show us his reflections on MOTHERLAND, used lyrical digressions and the genre of the poem.
4. Work on new material.
Let's remember, when working on which work, we have already analyzed lyrical digressions? ("Eugene Onegin" by A.S. Pushkin) How did we draw up the conclusions? (table)
Today we are again working with educational resources that will allow us to answer the questions of the lesson.
Change computers in pairs, open in the folder « Literature ”document TABLE and the text of the poem“ Dead Souls ”. You already know the text of the poem well enough to navigate it. I present to you the table with which you have already worked. The topic of lyrical digressions is spelled out. We work in groups at computers. Copy the text and paste it into the table. I give you 5 minutes to work.
This is the theme of the lyrical digressions in Eugene Onegin. Now let's move on to " To dead souls". You have worked with the text of the poem for several lessons, you know the content, try to find the author's thoughts yourself, not related to the main storyline. In the table, you are given tasks by group. 1st group - "Youth, youth", 2nd group - "Reflections on the writer", 3rd group - "Attitude towards the reader", 4th group - "Road (symbol)". Work with text, copy quotes into a spreadsheet.
The ready-made answers are summarized on the host computer and drawn up in a single table.
PHYSICS "VISION CORRECTION".
Answers by groups.
1st group. Gogol introduces himself into lyrical digressions as a man of the path, traveling across Russia through the years (in time) and rethinking his worldview over the years. “Before, long ago, in the years of my youth ... it was fun for me to drive up to an unfamiliar place for the first time ... Now I drive up indifferently to any unfamiliar village and indifferently look at its vulgar appearance; it is unpleasant to my chilled gaze, it is not funny to me ... and my motionless lips keep indifferent silence. Oh my youth! Oh, my freshness! " The author shows himself as funny young man and as a mature man, wise by experience, who is bitter to look at real Russia.
2nd group. Gogol discusses different types of writers. " Happy is the writer who, past the boring, disgusting characters ... without touching the ground, was completely plunged into his exalted and far-removed images ... There is no equal to him in power - he is God! But this is not the fate and the other fate of the writer, who dared to call out everything that is every minute in front of the eyes and that indifferent eyes do not see ... For the modern court does not recognize that the glasses that look at the movement of unnoticed insects are equally wonderful ... His field is harsh, and he will feel bitterly loneliness". In my opinion, Gogol considers himself to be precisely the second type of writer. At the end of the poem, the author included a parable about Kif Mokievich and Mokiya Kifovich, accusing “ thinking not about not to do wrong, but not to say that they are doing wrong. "
(The patriotism of the writer, according to Gogol, is not only to chant, but to tell the truth and thereby help!)
3rd group - Gogol speaks about "connoisseurs of literature" who have their own idea of the purpose of writing. " It is better to present to us the beautiful, the fascinating. " The author is disappointed in advance in his readers. " But it’s not hard that they will be dissatisfied with the hero, it’s hard that the irresistible confidence lives in the soul that the readers would be pleased with the same hero ... ”.
“The author will still be blamed on the part of the so-called patriots, who calmly sit in their corners and are engaged in completely extraneous affairs, accumulate capital for themselves ... but as soon as a book appears, in which the bitter truth is revealed, they will run out of the corners and suddenly shouts: “Is it good to bring this to light? Proclaim it? "
4th group - There are a lot of lyrical road sketches in the poem. " What a strange and alluring, and carrying, and wonderful in the word: the road! And how wonderful it is, this road: a clear day, autumn leaves, cold air ... " Gogol conveys his feelings as a traveler: “ God! How good you are at times, distant, distant road! How many times, like a perishing and drowning man, have I grasped at you, and every time you generously endured and saved me! And how many wonderful ideas, poetic dreams were born in you, how many wonderful impressions were felt! .. " Throughout the story, the author shows Chichikov's troika. At the end of the poem, the image of rushing Russia appears - a bird-three. This lyrical digression completes the first volume of the poem. " Eh, three! bird three, who invented you? To know, you could only be born with a lively people, in that land that does not like to joke, and evenly scattered about half the world, and go count miles until it hits you in your eyes. And not cunning, I think. A road projectile, not seized by an iron screw, but hastily, alive with one ax and a chisel, was equipped and assembled by a Yaroslavl agile man. The coachman is not wearing German jackboots: beard and mittens, and the devil knows what; but he got up, and swung, and began to sing a song - the horses like a whirlwind, the spokes in the wheels mixed into one smooth circle, only the road trembled, and a pedestrian who stopped screaming in fright - and there she rushed, rushed, rushed! .. And you can already see in the distance, like something dusty and drills the air.
Is it not so you, Russia, that a brisk, unattainable troika rushing? The road smokes under you, bridges thunder, everything lags behind and remains behind. The beholder, struck by the miracle of God, stopped: is it not lightning thrown down from the sky? What does this terrifying movement mean? And what kind of unknown power is contained in these horses unknown to the light? Oh, horses, horses, what horses! Are there whirlwinds in your manes? Does a sensitive ear burn in every vein of yours? We heard a familiar song from above, together and at once strained our copper breasts and, almost without touching the ground with their hooves, turned into one elongated lines flying through the air, and all inspired by God was racing. ! .. Rus, where are you rushing? Give an answer. Doesn't give an answer. The bell is filled with a wonderful ringing; air ripped into pieces thunders and becomes the wind; everything that is on the earth flies past, and, looking sideways, sideways and give way to other peoples and states. "
(read by heart along with an episode from the film)
CONCLUSION: All these lyrical digressions take the reader into the world of Gogol's spiritual search for the fate of Russia. That is why the author chose the genre of the poem for his genius work. Poem? Yes, a poem. And a poet! Neither in the story, nor in the story, nor in the novel can the author so freely interfere with his "I" in the course of the narrative.
(-Young fellows, it turned out a good cheat sheet for writing an essay, now drop this table onto your flashcards)
5. Lesson summary.
VG Belinsky in his article "The Adventures of Chichikov or Dead Souls" asserts that Gogol became "a Russian national poet in the entire space of this word."
Have we reached the goal of the lesson?
What is not clear to you? What questions do you still have?
What did you like in the lesson? What else would you like to talk about?
6. Homework... P. 171 textbooks, essay themes. Prepare material for a cool essay.
The role of lyrical digressions in Gogol's poem "Dead Souls".
Performed by A.G. Egupova
Lesson objectives : 1) identify the genre features of the poem "Dead Souls" and their
Conditioning by a complex and original concept of the work;
2) repeat the concepts of "poem", "lyrical digressions";
3) analyze the role of lyrical digressions in determining the genre
Works;
4) find out the attitude of the writer to his creation.
During the classes.
1. The word of the teacher. Problematic question.What sense did the author put into such a designation of the genre of his novel? Why did Gogol call his prosaic satirical work a poem, and not a novel?Regulatory UUD
2. Conversation. Let's remember what a poem is as a genre (type) of lyric-epic works? What are the previously read works related to the genre of the poem?
3. The word of the teacher. Thus, we can conclude that the poem as a genre (form) of lyric-epic works combines plot, eventfulness (which is characteristic of an epic) and the author's or lyrical hero's open expression of his feelings (which is characteristic of lyrics).
4. Work with the "Dictionary of literary terms".General educational UUD.
5. Conversation. Regulatory UUD
So, first let us determine the presence of a narrative, plot, epic element in Dead Souls. How does it manifest itself? With the image of which hero of the work is it connected?
Why did the genre designation "novel" cease to satisfy the writer?
What gave Gogol the right to call "Dead Souls" a prosaic "poem", how did he define the genre of his work?
What do you think. What elements of the poem as a genre of "praising" are present in Dead Souls? name these items.
How do lyrical digressions differ from author's digressions? Give examples of copyright deviations.
What role do lyrical digressions play in Dead Souls? What are they dedicated to? Why are they the main feature of Dead Souls as a poem?
The main theme of the poem is Russia, its past, present and future, and all lyrical digressions at least touch and develop this theme.
Gogol's lyrical digressions serve to expand artistic space, creating a holistic image of Russia - from everyday details to large-scale images filled with philosophical content (bird - troika)
The theme of the "road" is the second most important theme of 2Dead Souls "connected with the theme of Russia. The road is an image that organizes the whole plot, and Gogol introduces himself into lyrical digressions as a man of the path ("Before, long ago, in the years of my youth ...")
Thus, lyrical digressions are a very important part of Dead Souls.
How does Gogol appear in the poem, thanks to lyric works? What is the author's role in Dead Souls?
6. Work on expressive means... Groups are given tables with tasks and reference material - definitions of paths.Logical universal actions
1 group. Lyrical digression in chapter 6, beginning, with the words: "Before, long ago, in the summer ... I was amazed ..."
1 Inversion - changing the usual order of something 2 Repetitions 3 Calls, exclamations. 4Parcellation 5Nominational sentences. 6 Synonyms 7 Antonyms 8 Homogeneous terms 9 Comparisons 10 Metaphorical epithets 11 Speech: alliteration 12 Speech: Assonance
Group 2. Lyrical digression in Chapter 5 with the words: "The Russian people are expressing themselves strongly!"
1 Inversion 2 Repetitions 3 Calls, exclamations. 4 Gradation. 5 Synonyms 6 Personalizations 7 Metaphorical epithets 9 Phraseologisms.
Group 3. Lyrical digression in chapter 11 with the words: "And what Russian does not like fast driving! ... for a month some seem motionless."
1 Inversion 2 Repetitions 3 Appeals, exclamations. 4 Synonyms 5 Gradation. 6 Personalizations 7 Metaphorical epithets 8 Common speech. 9Rhetorical questions. 10Antonyms. 11Parcellation
4 group. Lyrical digression in chapter 11 with the words: “Eh, three! The bird triplets and drills the air. "
1 Inversion 2 Repetitions 3 Appeals, exclamations. 4 Hyperbole. 5 Gradation. 6 Personalizations 7 Metaphorical epithets 9 Rhetorical questions. 10 Sayings, catch phrases. 11 Parcellation 12. Anaphora
5 group. Lyrical digression in chapter 11 with the words: "Isn't it so you, Russia, that brisk ..."
1 Repetitions 2 Appeals, exclamations. 3 Synonyms. 4 Metaphorical epithets
5 Rhetorical questions 6 Parcellation 7 Anaphora
6 group. Lyrical digression in the 11th chapter with the words: “Rus! Russia! ... "
1 Impersonations. 2 Appeals, exclamations. 3 Repetitions. 4 Metaphorical 5 Rhetorical questions 6 Parcellation 7. Anaphora
7. Generalization of the topic.Performance of groups on tables.Communicative UUD
8. Reflection. General educational UUD.
9.Homework. 1).At home, in writing, try to formulate the answer to the question: "Why did Gogol call his prosaic satirical work a poem?" 2) .Individual message "Lyrical digressions in" Eugene Onegin "by A. S. Pushkin and" Dead Souls "by N. V. Gogol. 3). List the characters who, in your opinion, can be attributed to Russia" alive "and "Dead".
The poem "Dead Souls" differs in genre from other works of Russian literature. Lyrical digressions make it even brighter. They prove that N.V. Gogol created a poem, but not in poetry, but in prose.
The role of retreats
N.V. Gogol is constantly present in the text of the poem. The reader feels it all the time, sometimes he seems to forget about the plot of the text, takes him away. Why does the great classic do this:
- Helps to more easily cope with the indignation caused by the actions of the characters.
- Adds humor to the text.
- Creates separate independent works.
- Changes the impression of the general description of the routine life of landowners who have lost their soul.
The writer wants the reader to know his relationship to events and people. That is why he shares his thoughts, shows anger or regret.
Philosophical reasoning
Some digressions suggest speculating about the characteristics of the human personality and being.
- About thick and thin. The writer divides men into two genders, depending on their completeness. He finds the distinguishing traits of their character. The thin ones are quirky, unreliable. Easily adapt to situations and change their behavior. Fat people are businessmen who more often gain weight in society.
- Two types of characters. Large portraits and difficult for portrait painters. Some are open and understandable, others hide not only their appearance, but everything inside.
- Passion and man. A person's feelings are different in strength. It can be visited by the most beautiful passions, or low and petty ones. Someone dreams of insignificant trinkets, but somewhere a feeling of great love is born. Passion changes a person, it can turn him into a worm, lead to the loss of his soul.
- About scoundrels and virtues. How do scoundrels appear? The classic believes - wine is in the acquisition. The stronger the desire of a person to acquire, the faster he loses virtue.
- About a human. Age changes personality. It is difficult to imagine yourself in old age. The young man becomes bitter and loses his humanity for life path... Even the grave is more merciful: it says about the burial of a person. Old age loses its sensuality, it is cold and lifeless.
Love for Russia
Such deviations clearly show the peculiarity of the Russian man and nature. The author's boundless love for his homeland is higher than other feelings. No obstacles will stop Russia. She will endure and will come out on a broad clear road, get out of all the contradictions of life.
- Russia - Three. The road along which the country is taking arouses delight in Gogol's soul. Russia is free, she loves speed, movement. The author believes that the country will find a way to a happy future for the people.
- Roads. Retreat roads are a force that conquers a person. He cannot sit still, he strives forward. Roads help him to see new things, to look at himself from the outside. The road at night, bright day and clean morning is different. But she's always good.
- Russia. Gogol is transported to the beautiful far away and tries to examine the Russian expanses. He admires the beauty, the ability to hide the melancholy, sadness and tears of the inhabitants. The vastness of the country conquers and frightens. Why is it given to Russia?
- Russian communication. Gogol compares the treatment of Russians with other peoples. The landowners of the province change their style of conversation depending on the state of the interlocutor: the number of souls. "Prometheus" of the office becomes a "partridge" at the doors of the authorities. A person changes even outwardly, he becomes lower in servility, louder and bolder with the lower class.
- Russian speech. The word pronounced by the Russian people is accurate and weighty. It can be compared to things cut down with an ax. The word, created by the Russian mind, comes from the very heart. It is "swaggering, smart", reflects the character and identity of the people.
Selected stories
Some of the lyrical digressions have their own plot. They can be read as an independent work, taken out of the context of the poem. They will not lose their meaning.
- The Story of Captain Kopeikin. The brightest part of the book. Censorship sought to remove the story from Dead Souls. The story of a war veteran seeking help from the authorities is difficult in the end. Having achieved nothing, he goes to the robbers.
- Kif Mokievich and Mokiy Kifovich. Two characters, living by their own laws, connect all the characters that have passed before the reader. Strong Mokiy wastes what was given to him from God. Bogatyrs are withdrawn, they turn into weak-minded people. They, endowed with special qualities, do not understand who they could become, what benefits they can bring to the people.
- The peasants of the village Vshivaya arrogance. A talented people are enslaved, but they remain hardworking and bright. The story of how, during a popular riot in a village with a speaking (as Gogol loves) name
"... the police in the person of the assessor was demolished from the face of the earth ...",
Confirms.
The great classic talks about two types of writers. Some describe boring characters. The authors are relatives in their community. Glory rises so high that they themselves recognize themselves as geniuses, equate to the Divine. Other writers do not strive for fame, they work on the word, but come under a judgment that takes away their talent. The field of writing is very harsh. The reflections of the author of the poem make the book wider and more meaningful, they raise questions and urge the reader to seek answers to the questions posed by the text and lyrical deviations from the main plot.
