The peoples of the world and their classification. The most numerous peoples in the world

In this article, the faces of the largest peoples of the Earth, whose number exceeds 50 million people, are represented. It is worth noting that of the 24 largest peoples of the world, India is represented by 9 peoples at once (Hindustans, Bengalis, Punjabis, Biharians, Marathi, Tamils, Telugu, Gujarati, Sindhi).

The largest people on Earth - Chinese(self-name - Han), of which there are currently 1 billion 310 million people. This makes up 19% of the total population of our planet.

Chinese actor and director Jackie Chan

In second place among the largest peoples of the Earth are arabs, of which there are currently about 350 million people.

In fifth place among the largest peoples of the planet are bengalis- the main population of the state of Bangladesh and the state of West Bengal in India. The total number of Bengalis in the world is over 250 million (about 150 million in Bangladesh and about 100 million in India).

Indian writer and poet Rabindranath Tagore, Bengali by nationality

Bengali girl

In sixth place among the largest peoples of the Earth are brazilians(193 million people) - a nation that was formed in the same way as the American nation - by mixing different ethnic groups.

Brazilian Fashion Model Camila Alves

Brazilian footballer Ronaldinho

The seventh largest people on Earth - russians, of which there are about 150 million people in the world, of which 116 million live in Russia, 8.3 million - in Ukraine, 3.8 million - in Kazakhstan. Russians are the largest people in Europe.

The eighth largest people on the planet - mexicans, of which there are 147 million people in the world, of which 112 million. live in Mexico and 32 million in the United States. On the example of the Mexicans, one can note the conventionality of the division of people into nations. The 32 million Mexicans living in the United States can be considered both Mexicans and Americans at the same time.

Mexican Jimena Navarrete - Miss Universe 2010

Mexican footballer Rafael Marquez, captain of the Mexican national team

The ninth largest nation in the world - Japanese(130 million people).

Japanese animation director Hayao Miyazaki

Rounding out the ten largest peoples of the Earth Punjabis... In total, there are 120 million Punjabis in the world, of which 76 million. lives in Pakistan and 29 million - in India.

14th largest people in the world - marathi(80 million people) - the main population of the Indian state of Maharashtra.

Indian actress Madhuri Dixit from the Maratha people

15th largest people on Earth - Tamils, of which there are 77 million people in the world, of which 63 million live in India.

Indian actress Vijayantimala, Tamil national

Indian chess player Viswanathan Anand (Tamil nationality), reigning world chess champion.

About the same number of Tamils ​​(77 million people) in the world there are Vietnamese(Vieta).

Vietnamese dancer, singer, actress and model Ngo Thanh Van

Another large nation - Germans... There are 75 million Germans in Germany. If we also count people of German origin, then we get a more impressive figure - 150 million people. For example, in the United States, 60 million people are of German descent, making them the largest ethnic group among Americans.

German actress Diane Kruger

There are also at least 75 million people Telugu- the main population of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh.

Russia is famous as a multinational state; more than 190 peoples live on the territory of the country. Most of them ended up in the Russian Federation peacefully, thanks to the annexation of new territories. Each nation is distinguished by its history, culture and heritage. Let us examine in more detail the ethnic composition of Russia, considering separately each ethnic group.

Large nationalities of Russia

Russians are the most numerous indigenous ethnic group living on the territory of Russia. The number of Russian people in the world is equal to 133 million people, but some sources indicate the figure is up to 150 million. More than 110 (almost 79% of the total population of the country) million Russians live in the Russian Federation, most of the Russians also live in Ukraine, Kazakhstan and Belarus. If we consider the map of Russia, then the Russian people are distributed in great numbers throughout the entire territory of the state, living in every region of the country ...

Tatars, in comparison with Russians, make up only 3.7% of the total population of the country. The Tatar people have a population of 5.3 million. This ethnos lives all over the country, the most densely populated city of Tatars is Tatarstan, more than 2 million people live there, and the most sparsely populated region is Ingushetia, where not even a thousand people from the Tatar people will be recruited ...

The Bashkirs are the indigenous people of the Republic of Bashkortostan. The number of Bashkirs is about 1.5 million people - this is 1.1% of the total number of all residents of the Russian Federation. Most of the 1.5 million people (about 1 million) live in the territory of Bashkortostan. The rest of the Bashkirs live throughout Russia, as well as in the CIS countries ...

Chuvash are the indigenous inhabitants of the Chuvash Republic. Their number is 1.4 million people, which is 1.01% of the total national composition of Russians. If you believe the census, then about 880 thousand Chuvash live on the territory of the republic, the rest live in all regions of Russia, as well as in Kazakhstan and Ukraine ...

Chechens are a people settled in the North Caucasus, Chechnya is considered their homeland. In Russia, the number of the Chechen people was 1.3 million, but according to statistics, since 2015, the number of Chechens on the territory of the Russian Federation has increased to 1.4 million. This nation makes up 1.01% of the total population of Russia ...

The Mordovian people have a population of about 800 thousand people (about 750 thousand), which is 0.54% of the total population. Most of the people live in Mordovia - about 350 thousand people, followed by the regions: Samara, Penza, Orenburg, Ulyanovsk. Least of all, this ethnic group lives in the Ivanovo and Omsk regions, there will not be even 5 thousand belonging to the Mordovian people ...

The Udmurt people have a population of 550 thousand people - this is 0.40% of the total population of our vast Motherland. Most of the ethnic group lives in the Udmurt Republic, and the rest is dispersed over the neighboring regions - Tatarstan, Bashkortostan, Sverdlovsk Region, Perm Territory, Kirov Region, Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug. A small part of the Udmurt people migrated to Kazakhstan and Ukraine ...

The Yakuts represent the indigenous population of Yakutia. Their number is equal to 480 thousand people - this is about 0.35% of the total national composition in the Russian Federation. Yakuts make up the majority of the inhabitants of Yakutia and Siberia. They also live in other regions of Russia, the regions most densely populated by Yakuts are Irkutsk and Magadan regions, Krasnoyarsk Territory, Khabarovsk and Primorsky District ...

According to statistics available after the population census, 460,000 Buryats live in Russia. This is 0.32% of the total number of Russians. Most (about 280 thousand people) of the Buryats live in Buryatia, being the indigenous population of this republic. The rest of the people of Buryatia live in other regions of Russia. The most densely populated Buryat territory is the Irkutsk region (77 thousand) and the Trans-Baikal Territory (73 thousand), and the less populated - Kamchatka Territory and Kemerovo Region, there are no more 2000 thousand Buryats ...

The number of the Komi people living on the territory of the Russian Federation is 230 thousand people. This figure is 0.16% of the total population in Russia. For living, this people chose not only the Komi Republic, which is their immediate homeland, but also other regions of our vast country. The Komi people are found in the Sverdlovsk, Tyumen, Arkhangelsk, Murmansk and Omsk regions, as well as in the Nenets, Yamalo-Nenets and Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrugs ...

The people of Kalmykia are indigenous to the Republic of Kalmykia. Their number is 190 thousand people, if compared in percentage, then 0.13% of the total population living in Russia. Most of these people, not counting Kalmykia, live in the Astrakhan and Volgograd regions - about 7 thousand people. And least of all Kalmyks live in the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug and the Stavropol Territory - less than a thousand people ...

Altaians are the indigenous people of Altai, therefore they live mainly in this republic. Although some of the population left the historical habitat, now they live in the Kemerovo and Novosibirsk regions. The total number of the Altai people is 79 thousand people, in percent - 0.06 of the total number of Russians ...

The Chukchi belong to a small people from the northeastern part of Asia. In Russia, the Chukchi people have a small number - about 16 thousand people, their people make up 0.01% of the total population of our multinational country. These people are scattered throughout Russia, but most of them settled in the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, Yakutia, Kamchatka Territory and Magadan Region ...

These are the most common peoples that you can meet in the vastness of Mother Russia. However, the list is far from complete, because in our state there are also peoples of other countries. For example, Germans, Vietnamese, Arabs, Serbs, Romanians, Czechs, Americans, Kazakhs, Ukrainians, French, Italians, Slovaks, Croats, Tuvinians, Uzbeks, Spanish, British, Japanese, Pakistanis, etc. Most of the listed ethnic groups make up 0.01% of the total number, but there are peoples with more than 0.5%.

You can go on endlessly, because the vast territory of the Russian Federation is capable of accommodating many peoples under one roof, both indigenous and arriving from other countries and even continents.

ABASINS(self-named - Abaza) - the people in the Russian Federation, in Karachay-Cherkessia (27 thousand people). In total, there are 33 thousand people in the Russian Federation. (1992). They also live in Turkey (10 thousand people) and Arab countries. The total number is 44 thousand people. (1992). The language is Abaza. Believers are Sunni Muslims.

ABELAM(self-named) - Papuan people in Papua New Guinea. Population 70 thousand people (1992). Abelam language. Believers - Catholics, Protestants, some adhere to traditional beliefs.

ABUNG(self-named) - people in Indonesia. Number of 300 thousand people (1992). Lampung language. The believers are Sunni Muslims.

ABKHAZ(self-named - apsua) - people in Georgia, the indigenous population of Abkhazia. The number of people in Georgia is 96 thousand, incl. in Abkhazia 93 thousand people (1992). They also live in the Russian Federation (6 thousand people), Turkey (6 thousand people) and Arab countries. The total number is 115 thousand people. The language is Abkhaz. Believers are mostly Sunni Muslims, there are Orthodox Christians.

AVARTS(self-named - maarulal) - people in the Russian Federation (mainly in Dagestan, 496 thousand people) and in the north of Azerbaijan (44 thousand people). The number in the Russian Federation (including the Ando-Tsez peoples and the Archins) is 544 thousand people. (1992). The language is Avar. The believers are Sunni Muslims.

AUSTRALIANS- the indigenous population of Australia, 170 thousand people. (1992). They were largely exterminated by the colonialists. Linguistically and racially, they constitute a special group. Believers are Presbyterians and Catholics, traditional cults are preserved.

AUSTRIANS(self-named - esterreicher) - people, the main population of Austria (7.15 million people). The total number is 8.8 million people. (1992). They also live in the USA (1270 thousand people), Germany (180 thousand people), Canada (40 thousand people) and other countries. The language is German. Believers are mostly Catholics.

AGAU(self-named - agave) - a group of Kushite peoples in Ethiopia and Eri Trae. Population 420 thousand people (1992), incl. in Ethiopia 350 thousand people. Agau language. Believers are Monophysite Christians, some are Judaists and followers of the local syncretic religion.

AGULA(self-named - agul) - people in the Russian Federation, mainly in Dagestan (14 thousand people). The number of people in the Russian Federation is 18 thousand. (1992). The language is Agul. Believers are Sunni Muslims.

ADANGME(self-named - adangbe, dangmeli) - people in Ghana. Population 700 thousand people (1992). Adangme language. They adhere to traditional beliefs, there are Protestants and Catholics.

ADYGEANS(self-named - Adyge) - people in the Russian Federation, mainly in Adygea (95 thousand people). The population in the Russian Federation is 123 thousand people. (1992). They also live in Turkey (5 thousand people) and Arab countries. The language is Adyghe. The believers are Sunni Muslims.

AZERBAIJANIS(self-named - Azerbaijanllar, Azeriler) - the people, the main population of Azerbaijan (5.8 million people, 1992). They also live in Iran (10.43 million people). Russian Federation (336 thousand people), Georgia (307 thousand people), Kazakhstan (90 thousand people), Armenia and other countries. The total number is 17.2 million people. (1992). The language is Azeri Baidjan. Believers are mostly Shiite Muslims.

AYMARA- Indian people in Bolivia, Peru and Chile. The total number is 2.55 million people. (1992). Aymara language. Believers are Catholics.

AINA- people on about. Hokkaido, in Japan, 20 thousand people (1992). Ainu language. Believers are Buddhists.

AQUAPIM(self-named) - people in Ghana. Population 650 thousand people (1992). Languages ​​aquapim, chvi (twi). Believers are Presbyterians, Methodists.

ALBANES(self-named - shkiptar) - people, the main population of Albania (3.25 million people, 1992). The population in Yugoslavia is 1,985 million people, in Macedonia there are 500 thousand people. The total number is 6.1 million people. The language is Albanian. Believers are mostly Sunni Muslims, there are Christians (Catholics and Orthodox).

ALGONKINS- a group of Indian peoples (Ojibwe, Mikmeki, Dela Vara, Cree, Montagnier, Nascapi, Cheyenne, etc.) in the USA and Canada, 260 thousand people. (1992). They speak Algonquian languages.

Aleuts(self-named - Unangan) - people, the indigenous population of the Aleutian Islands and the Alaska Peninsula (USA) and the Commander Islands (Russian Federation). The total number of people is 3 thousand. (1990), incl. 2 thousand people in USA. The language is Aleutian. Believers are mostly Orthodox.

ALGERIANS(Arabs of Algeria) - the people, the main population of Algeria (21.2 million people). The total number of people is 22.2 million. (1992), incl. in France 820 thousand people The language is Arabic. The believers are Sunni Muslims.

ALORTSY(self-called orang-alor) - people in Indonesia. Population 100 thousand people (1992). Alorian language. Believers are Sunni Muslims, traditional beliefs are preserved.

ALTAI(self-named - Altai-Kizhi) - people in the Altai Republic (59 thousand people). The number of people in the Russian Federation is 69 thousand. (1992). They are divided into ethnographic groups: Altai-Kizhi, Telengits, Teles, Teleuts, Tubalars, Chelkans, Kumandins. The language is Altai. Believers are Orthodox, some are Baptists; traditional beliefs are preserved.

ALUR(self-named - joalur) - Nilotic people in Congo (450 thousand people) and Uganda (300 thousand people, 1992). Dho alur language. Adhere to traditional beliefs.

ALUTORTSY- a nationality in the Russian Federation (about 3 thousand people, 1992), on the northeastern coast of the Kamchatka Peninsula. Alyutor language.

AMBONES(self-called Amboians) - a people in Indonesia (600 thousand people, 1992), the total number of 635 thousand people. The language is Malay. Believers are Reformed Christians, Sunni Muslims.

AMBUNDU(mbundu, self-name - kimbundu) - people of the Bantu group in Angola, 2.15 million people. (1992). Kimbundu language. Mainly adhere to traditional cults; there are Catholics and adherents of syncretistic cults.

AMERICANS USA- the people, the main population of the United States. The total number is 194.2 million people. (1992), incl. in the USA 193 million people. The population in Canada is 350 thousand people, in Mexico it is 135 thousand people, in Great Britain 120 thousand people. Speak American English. Believers are mostly Protestants and Catholics.

AMKHARA(self-named - amara) - people in Ethiopia. The total number is 21 million people. (1992), incl. in Ethiopia 20.8 million people, Eritrea 180 thousand people, Yemen 15 thousand people. The language is Amharic. By religion, they are mostly Monophysical Christians.

ENGLISH(self-named - English) - people, the main population of Great Britain. The total number is 48.5 million people. (1992). incl. in Great Britain 44.7 million people, Canada 1 million people, Australia 940 thousand people, USA 650 thousand people, South Africa 230 thousand people, India 200 thousand people, New Zealand 188 thousand people people English language. Believers are mostly Anglicans.

ENGLISH AUSTRALIANS- the people, the main population of Australia. The total number is 13.4 million people. (1992). Speak Australian English. Believers are mostly protestants.

ENGLISH AFRICAN- people in South Africa (1.75 million people, 1992). The total number is 1.95 million people. They speak a South African dialect of English. Believers - Anglicans, Methodists, Presbyterians, Catholics.

ANGLO CANADIANS- people in Canada (10.8 million people). The total number is 11.67 million people. (1992). Speak Canadian English. Believers are mostly Protestants, some are Catholics.

ENGLISH NEW ZEALANDS(New Zealanders, pakeha) - the people, the main population of New Zealand (2.6 million people). The total number is 2.76 million people. (1992). English language. Believers are mostly en glycan.

ANDAMANES- the indigenous population of the Andaman Islands (India). The number is approx. 100 people Languages ​​form an isolated family. The An Damanese adhere mainly to traditional beliefs.

ANDIANS(self-named - andal) - people in the Russian Federation, in Dagestan. The number is approx. 30 thousand people (1992). The language is Andean. The believers are Sunni Muslims.

APACHI(self-named - dine) - a group of Athapaskan peoples (Navajo, Mes Kalero, Hicarilla, etc.) in the USA (states of Arizona, New Mexico, Oklahoma), 20 thousand people. (no navajo, 1992). The languages ​​make up the southern branch of the Athapaskan languages. Believers are Christians.

ARABS(self-named - al-Arab) - a group of peoples (Algerians, Egyptians, Moroccans, etc.) - the main population of the Arab countries of West Asia and North Africa. The total number is 199 million people. (1992). The language is Arabic. Most are Muslims.

ARAWAKI- a group of Indian peoples (Guahiro, Kampa, Baniva, Arawak proper, etc.) in South America and the West Indies, 400 thousand people. (1992). The languages ​​are Arawak. Believers adhere to traditional beliefs, some are Catholics.

ARAUKAN(self-called Mapuche) - Indian people In Chile (800 thousand people, 1992) and in the west of Argentina (70 thousand people). Araucanian language. They preserve traditional beliefs, some are Catholics.

ARGENTINIANS- the people, the main population of Argentina (28 million people). The total number is 28.3 million people. (1992). They speak the Argentinean dialect of the Spanish language. Believers are mostly Catholics.

ARMENIANS(self-named - hai) - people, the main population of Armenia (3.08 million people, 1992). They also live in the Russian Federation (532 thousand people), Georgia (437 thousand people), the USA (700 thousand people), France (270 thousand people), Iran (200 thousand people), Syria (170 thousand people), Nagorno-Karabakh (146 thousand people), Libya and Turkey (150 thousand people each), etc. The total number is 6.55 million people. The language is Armenian. Believers are mostly Monophysical Christians.

ARCHINTSY(self-named - arshishtib) - people in the Russian Federation, in Dagestan; St. 1 thousand people (1992). Archinsky language. The believers are Sunni Muslims.

ASSAMIANS(self-named - ahomiya, assamiya) - people, the main population of the state of Assam (India); 14.55 million people (1992). They also live in Butan (220 thousand people) and other countries. The language is Assamese. Believers - Hinduists, part of Muslims and Christians

ASSYRIANS(Aisors, self-named - aturaia) - people in the countries of the Middle East, in the USA, etc. The total number of 350 thousand people. (1992), incl. in the Russian Federation 10.6 thousand people, Iraq 120 thousand people, Iran 100 thousand people, Turkey 70 thousand people The language is Assyrian. Believers are mostly Nestorians.

ATAPASKI(athabasca, self-named - dene, na-dene) - a group of Indian tribes (Apaches, Chipevayi, Dogrib, etc.) in the USA and Canada; 220 K people (1992), tt. h. 210 thousand people in the USA - Athapaskan languages. Believers - about Testants, Catholics, some adhere to traditional beliefs.

AFAR(self-named - Danakil, Adalo) - people in Ethiopia (670 thousand people, 1992), Eritrea (180 thousand people), Djibouti (150 thousand people). Afar-sa ho language. The believers are Sunni Muslims.

Afghans(self-called Pashtun, Patan) - people, the main population of Afghanistan (over 10 million people, 1992). St. 19 million people (mostly nomads and semi-nomads) live in northwest Pakistan. Tribal associations (Afridians, Vazirs, Gilzai, Durrani, etc.) are preserved. Pashto language. Believers are mostly Sunni Muslims.

AFRICAN(Boers) - people in South Africa (3 million people). They also live in Na Mibia, Zimbabwe, Zambia, Great Britain, USA and Yar. The total number of St. 3 million people (1992). Afrikaners are descendants of Dutch, French and German colonists. Afrikaans language. Believers - Mostly Protestants (Reformed).

AFRO- AMERICANS- an ethnoracial group in the United States, part of the Americans in the United States. African Americans are the descendants of African slaves brought to North America in the 17th and 19th centuries; 30 million people (1992).

Aztecs(asteki, nahua) - Indian people in Mexico; 1.2 million people (1992). The language is Aztec. Believers are Catholics. Until the XVI century. on the territory of modern Mexico there was an Aztec state with its capital in Tenochtitlan. The Aztecs created a civilization destroyed by the Spanish conquerors in the 16th century.

WITH WHAT(self-named - achim, akim) - people in Ghana. Population 650 thousand people (1992). Chvi language (twi). They adhere to traditional beliefs, some of them are Protestants, Catholics.

ACEH(ache, achin) - people in Indonesia, in the north about. Sumatra; OK. 3 million people (1992). They also live in Malaysia. The language is Achekh. The believers are Sunni Muslims.

ACHOLI(akoli, gang) - people in Uganda (780 thousand people, 1992). They also live in Sudan (20 thousand people). Acoli language. Adhere to traditional beliefs, some are Sunni Muslims.

ASHANTI(self-named - asante, asantefo) - people in Ghana, 4 million people. (1992). They preserve traditional beliefs, there are Christians and Sunni Muslims.

BAGIRMI(self-named - barma-ge) - people in Chad (530 thousand people, 1992) and Sudan (20 thousand people). Bagirmi language. By religion, mainly Muslim-Mane-Sunnis.

BY(baiji, bini) - people in China. Population 1.67 million people. (1992). Bai language. Believers are Buddhists, some are Taoists.

BAQUE- a group of peoples in Liberia (500 thousand people, 1992) and Cote d'Ivoire (400 thousand people). Bakwe language. The majority retains traditional beliefs, some are Christians.

BALANTE- people in Guinea-Bissau, 600 thousand people. They also live in Cape Verde and Senegal. The total number is 690 thousand people. (1992). Ba lante language. Retain traditional beliefs.

BALIANS- people in Indonesia, on about. Bali and in the west about. Lombok; 3.65 million people (1992). The language of the Indonesian branch. Believers are Hindus.

BALKARTSY(self-called taulula) - people in the Russian Federation, in Kabardino-Balkaria (71 thousand people). In total, there are 78 thousand people in the Russian Federation. (1992). The language is Karachay-Balkar. Believers are Muslim-Mane-Sunnis.

BAMBARA(bamana) - the people of the Mandingo group in Mali (2.7 million people), Cote d'Ivoire, Guinea, Gambia and others. Total population 3.49 million people. (1992). Bamana language. mostly Sunni Muslims, some retain traditional beliefs.

GANG- people in the CAR (950 thousand people) and Congo (600 thousand people, 1992). The language of the gang. Retain traditional beliefs.

BANDJAR- people in Indonesia (about 3 million people, mainly on the island. Kalimantan) and Malaysia. The total number is 3.15 million people. (1992). They speak a dialect of Malay. The believers are Sunni Muslims.

BANTU- a group of peoples in Central and South Africa (Rwanda, Mukua, Shona, Congo, Malawi, Rundi, Zulu, Kosa, etc.), approx. 200 million people (1992). Bantu languages. They settled widely (from the 1st millennium BC to the 19th century), assimilating the indigenous population (pygmies, speakers of the Koi Sang languages).

BARBADOS(self-named - badzens) - people, the main population of Barbados (250 thousand people), mainly the descendants of slaves, exported from Africa in the XVII - early X I X centuries. The total number of 350 thousand people. (1992), incl. 35 thousand people in the USA, 35 thousand people in Great Britain, 30 thousand people in Canada They speak a dialect of English. The majority of believers are Anglicans, there are Methodists, Moravian brothers, Catholics.

BASKI(self-named - euskaldunak) - people in Spain (950 thousand people) and France (140 thousand people). They also live in Latin American countries. The total number is 1.25 million people. (1992). The language is Basque. Believers are Catholics.

BAKHTIARS- people in Iran (mainly in the southwest, in the historical region of Greater Luristan, or Bakhtiariya), 1 million people. (1992). They are divided into haftleng and chaharleng groups. They speak dialects of the western subgroup of Iranian languages. Believers are Sunni Muslims.

BASHKIRS(self-named - Bashkort) - the people in the Russian Federation, the indigenous population of Bashkiria (864 thousand people). In total in the Russian Federation approx. 1.35 million people (1992). They also live in Kazakhstan (42 thousand people), Uzbekistan (35 thousand people) and others. The language is Bashkir. The believers are Sunni Muslims.

BADGE(Bedauye) - the people of the Kushite group in northeastern Sudan (1.75 million people) and in the neighboring regions of Eritrea and Egypt. The total number of people is 1.85 million. (1992). Bedouye language. By religion, Sunni Muslims.

BELARUSIANS- the people, the main population of Belarus (over 7.9 million people, 1992). They also live in the Russian Federation (1.2 million people), Ukraine (440 thousand people), Kazakhstan (183 thousand people), Latvia (120 thousand people), Lithuania (63 thousand people) , Uzbekistan (63 thousand people), Estonia (27.7 thousand people), Poland (about 300 thousand people). The language is Belarusian. Believers are mostly Orthodox, there are Catholics.

Belugi(self-named - baloch) - people in Pakistan (4 million people) and Iran (1.4 million people, 1992). They also live in Afghanistan, Turkmenistan (28.3 thousand people 1989) and Arab countries. The total number of 5.7 million people. (1992). The language is Baloch. The believers are Sunni Muslims.

BENHALIANS- the people, the main population of Bangladesh (109.5 million people). They also live in India (80 million people), Nepal, Bhutan, Singapore, etc. The total number is 189.65 million people. (1992). The language is Bengali. Believers - in Bangladesh mostly Sunni Muslims, in India mostly Hindus.

BERBERS(self-name - amahag) - a group of peoples (tamazight, reef, shilkh, Tuareg, kabila, shauya, etc.), the indigenous population of North Africa, Central and Western Sudan; St. 11.52 million people (1992). They speak Berber-Libyan languages. By religion, mostly Sunni Muslims.

BIKOL(self-named) - people in the Philippines (mainly on the Bicol Peninsula and Luzon Island), 4.5 million people. (1992). The language of the Indonesian branch. Believers are mostly Catholics.

BIMA- ZUMBANPEOPLES- a group of peoples in the east of Indonesia (Bima, Sumbans, Manggarai, Hawu, etc.), on the islands of the Small Sunda Archipelago; 3.1 million people (1992). Languages ​​of the Indonesian branch. By religion, Christians, Sunni Muslims and adherents of traditional beliefs.

Beanie(edo, edo) - people in Nigeria, 4.27 million people. (1992). Bini language. Believers are mostly Christians.

BISA- people in Burkina Faso, Ghana (150 thousand people each) and Nigeria (70 thousand people, 1992). Biss language. The believers are Sunni Muslims.

BIHARTSY- a group of peoples (Maithilians, Magahis, Bhajpurians) in India (92.5 million people, Bihar state) and neighboring regions of Nepal (3.64 million people), Bangladesh (1.45 million people) and Bhutan. The total number is 97.6 million people. (1992). Languages ​​of the Indo-Iranian branch. Believers are mostly Hindus.

BOA- the people in the Congo. The number of people is 1 million. (1992). Either language. Adhere to traditional beliefs.

Bobo(self-named - boa) - people in Burkina Faso (600 thousand people, 1992) and neighboring regions of Mali (220 thousand people) and Cote d'Ivoire (100 thousand people). Language GBE. traditional beliefs, some are Catholics.

Bulgarians- the people, the main population of Bulgaria (7.85 million people). They also live in Ukraine (234 thousand people), Moldova (88 thousand people), the Russian Federation (32.8 thousand people) and other countries. The total number is 8.45 million people. (1992). The language is Bulgarian. Believers are mostly Orthodox, some are Sunni Muslims.

BOLIVIANS- the people, the main population of Bolivia (3 million people). They also live in Argentina (150 thousand people), Brazil, USA, Peru and Chile. The total number is 3.2 million people. (1992). Mostly Spanish-Indian mestizos. They speak Spanish and Guarani. Believers are Catholics.

BORORO(self-named - orarimugudoge) - the Indian people of the group are in Bolivia (2 thousand people) and Brazil (1 thousand people, 1992). They retain traditional beliefs, some of them are Catholics.

BOSNIANS(self-named - Muslims, Muslims, Bosans) - people, population of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The number of people is 1.8 million. (1992). They also live in Yugoslavia (220 thousand people), Croatia (14 thousand people), Turkey (30 thousand people), USA (30 thousand people). The total number is 2.1 million people. Bosniaks are in the past the population (mainly Serbs and Croats) of the historical region of Bosnia and Herzegovina, who converted to Islam during the Ottoman rule. The language is Serbo-Croatian. The believers are Sunni Muslims.

BRAGUI(self-named - bragui) - people in Pakistan (750 thousand people, mainly in the provinces of Baluchistan and Sindh). They also live in Afghanistan, Iran and others. The total number is 835 thousand people. (1992). Bra Gui language. By religion - Sunni Muslims.

Brazilians- the people, the main population of Brazil; 149 million people (1992). They also live in Argentina, Paraguay, USA, Portugal. The total number is 149.4 million people. The language is Portuguese. Believers are mostly Catholics.

Britons- people in France (Brittany), 1.05 million people. (1992). The language is Breton. Believers are Catholics.

BUGIS(self-named - tougik) - people in Indonesia (mainly in the south-west of Sulawesi); number of 4.55 million people They also live in Malaysia and Singapore. The total number is 4.6 million people. (1992). The language is Bugian. The believers are Sunni Muslims.

BUI(buoy, zhongjia, self-designation - Yoy) - people in the south of China, 2.7 million people. (1992). The language of the Thai family. Believers are Buddhists, there are no Christians.

BURISHI(burishki, burushaski, apex) - people in the highlands in northwestern India. OK. 50 thousand people (1987). The tongue is isolated. Believers are mostly Shiite Muslims.

BURYATS(self-named - baryat) - the people in the Russian Federation, the main population of Buryatia (250 thousand people). There are 421 thousand people in the Russian Federation in total. They also live in northern Mongolia and northeastern China. The total number is 520 thousand people. (1992). The language is Buryat. Believers are Buddhists, shamanists.

Bushmen(from the Dutch bosjesman, literally - forest man) - a people, the indigenous population of South and East Africa. Displaced in the XVI - XK centuries. the Bantu peoples to the desert regions of Namibia (85 thousand people, 1992), Botswana (35 thousand people), Angola (8 thousand people) and Zimbabwe (1 thousand people). Belong to the Bushman race. Bushman languages. Retain traditional beliefs.

BKHILA- a group of peoples in India, the indigenous population of the mountainous regions of the states of Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, Rajasthan and Maharashta. The number is 3.7 million people. (1992). The language of the Indo-Iranian branch. Believers are mostly Hindus.

BHOTIA- the people, the main population of Bhutan (1 million people, 1991). They also live in Nepal (110 thousand people) and India (90 thousand people). The language of the Sinoti Beth family. Believers are mostly Buddhists, in India they are Hindus.

WALLONS- people in Belgium (3.92 million people). They also live in France, the USA, etc. The total population is 4.1 million. (1992). They speak Walloon French. Believers are Catholics.

WARRAU(huarao, guarao) - Indian people in Venezuela (17 thousand people). They also live in Suriname and Guyana. The total number is 20 thousand people. (1992). The language is isolated. Believers are Catholics.

WAKHANTSY- one of the Pamir peoples.

VEDDA- people, the indigenous population of Sri Lanka (mainly the Eastern Provinces), approx. 1 thousand people (1992). They belong to the Veddoid race. The language of the Indo-Iranian group. Believers are mostly Buddhists and Hindus.

HUNGARIAN(self-named - Magyar) - people, the main population of Hungary (9.95 million people). They also live in Romania (1.86 million people), Slovakia (580 thousand people). Yugoslavia (400 thousand people), the USA (600 thousand people), Canada (120 thousand people). The total number is 13.83 million people. (1992). Language Hungarian. Believers are mostly Catholics.

WENDA(self-named - bavenda) - people of the Bantu group in South Africa (910 thousand people) and Zimbabwe (320 thousand people, 1992). Believers are mostly Protestants, there are adherents of traditional and syncretic cults.

VENEZUELIANS- the people, the main population of Venezuela (17.3 million people). The total number is 17.4 million people. (1992). OK. 80% - mestizo, mulatto, sambo, approx. 5% are blacks. The language is Spanish. Believers are mostly Catholics.

VEPS(Veps, Vepsya, self-named - bepsya) - people in the Leningrad and Vologda regions and Karelia; 13 thousand. people (1992). The language is Vepsian. Believers are Orthodox.

VISAYA(bisaya) - people in the Philippines. The number of people is 26.75 million. (1992). Visaya language. Believers are mostly Catholics, some adhere to traditional beliefs.

WATER(self-named - vadyalain) - people in the Russian Federation. Population - less than one hundred people (1992). Vodian language. Believers are Orthodox.

WOLF(wolof) - people in Senegal (4.1 million people). They also live in Mauritania, Gambia, Mali, etc. The total population is 4.36 million. (1992). Wolof language. Believers are mostly Sunni Muslims.

VIETNAMESE(self-named - throw, Viet) - people, the main population of Vietnam (61 million people). They also live in Cambodia, Thailand, Laos, USA, etc. The total population is 62.15 million people. (1992). The language is Vietnamese. Believers are mainly Buddhists, Taoists, Confucians, some Catholics and adherents of the cult of ancestors and syncretic religions.

HAWAITS- the people, the indigenous population of the Hawaiian Islands (USA), 170 thousand people. (1992). The language is Hawaiian. Believers are Protestants and Catholics.

GAGAUZ- people in Moldova (153 thousand people) and Ukraine (32 thousand people, 1992). They also live in the Russian Federation (about 10 thousand people), Bulgaria, Romania, Greece and Turkey. The total number is 220 thousand people. (1992). The language is Gagauz. Believers are Orthodox.

HAITIANS(Haitians) - the people, the main population of Haiti (6.6 million people). They also live in the Dominican Republic, the USA, Cuba, the Bahamas, etc. The total population is 7.2 million people. (1992). They speak creolized French. Believers are Catholics, there are also adherents of the syncretic cult of "water".

GALISIANS(self-named - gallego) - people in Spain, the main population of Galicia. They also live in Argentina, Brazil and other countries of America. The total number is 4.2 million people. (1992). The language is Galician. Believers are Catholics.

GANDA(Baganda) - people of the Bantu group, in Uganda (3.25 million people, 1992). They also live in Tanzania. By religion, mostly Christians, there are Muslim Sunni Muslims, some of them retain their traditional beliefs.

Gaoshan(Chinese - highlanders) - a group of peoples (atayyal, tsou, amei. bunun, etc.) on the island. Taiwan, 340 thousand people (1992). Languages ​​of the Indonesian group. Retain traditional beliefs.

GUATEMALIANS- the people, the main population of Guatemala (over 5.6 million people). The total number is 5.68 million people. (1992). Mostly Spanish-Indian mestizos (Ladino). Guatemalan is spoken by those of Spanish. Believers are mostly Catholics.

GERERO(ovagerero) - people of the Bantu group in Namibia (200 thousand people), Angola, Botswana and South Africa. The total number of 270 thousand people. (1992). Religiously, some are Protestants, some retain traditional beliefs.

GERMANO- SWISS- the people in Switzerland (4.22 million people, 1992). They also live in the USA (200 thousand people), Germany, Canada, Great Britain, France, etc. The total number is 4.58 million people. The language is the seamstress's royal version of the German language. Believers are Calvinists, some are Catholics.

GILIANS- people in Iran (historical region of Gilan); 3.3 million people (1992). The language of the Iranian group. Believers are mostly Shia Muslims.

DUTCH(Dutch) - people, the main population of the Netherlands (12.05 million people). The total number is 13.27 million people. (1992). The language is Dutch. Believers are mostly Protestants (Calvinists, Mennonites), Catholics.

HONDURAS- the people, the main population of Honduras (5.15 million people). The total number is 5.24 million people. (1992). Mostly Spanish-Indian mestizos (Ladino). Speak local Spanish. Believers are mostly Catholics.

YEARS- the people of the Dravidian group in India; 3.8 million people (1992). Believers are mostly Hindus, some adhere to traditional beliefs.

HOTTENTS(self-named - koi-coin) - people in Namibia, Botswana and South Africa, the indigenous population of South Africa. The total number is 130 thousand people, incl. in Namibia 102 thousand people (1992). They speak Gottentian languages. Believers are mostly Protestants.

The Greeks(self-named - Hellenes) - people, the main population of Greece (9.72 million people). The total number is 12.4 million people. (1992). They also live in Cyprus (570 thousand people), in the USA (550 thousand people), Germany (300 thousand people), in the Russian Federation (92 thousand people), etc. Language Greek (Modern Greek ). Believers are mostly Orthodox.

GRENADIANS- the people, the main population of Grenada. Population 105 thousand people (1992). Language Grenadian Creole (based on English). Believers are mostly Catholics, there are Protestants.

GEORGIA(self-named - Kartveli) - people, the main population of Georgia (3.787 million people). There are 130.7 thousand people in the Russian Federation. (1992). The total number of 4.14 million people. Ethnographic groups: Adjarians, Gurians, Imeretians, Kartlians, Kakhetians, Khevsurs, Mingrelians, Svans, Lazes, Javakhs, etc. The language is Georgian. Believers are mostly Orthodox.

GUARANI- the Indian people of the Tupi Guarani group in Paraguay; 30 thousand people (1987). Participate in the formation of modern Paraguayans. Guarani language. By religion, Catholics.

GUACHIRO(goahiro, self-named - vayuu) - Indian people of the Arawak group living on the Guahira Peninsula. The number in Colombia is 200 thousand people. (1992), Venezuela 65 thousand people, small groups in Panama and the Antilles. Mainly they adhere to traditional beliefs, there are Catholics.

GUJAR(self-named) - an ethnic community in India and in the east of Pakistan, 1 million people. (1992). The language of the Indo-Iranian group. Believers are mostly Ikduists, there are Sunni Muslims.

GUJARATS- the people in India (46 million people), the main population of the state of Gujarat. They also live in Pakistan. The total number is 47 million people. (1992). The language is Gujarati. Believers are mostly Hindus, there are Sunni Muslims and Jains.

GURAGE(self-named) - a group of peoples in Ethiopia; 2.6 million people (1992). The language of the Semitic branch. By religion, mostly Sunni Muslims, there are Christians (mostly Monophisites) and adherents of other religious beliefs.

Gourmet(gurmantche, self-called binumba) - people in Togo, Ghana, Burki na-Faso and the border regions of Benin and Niger; 1.52 million people (1992). The language of the Gur subfamily. They adhere to traditional beliefs, there are Sunni Muslims.

GURONS(self-called Vendat) - the Indian people of the Iroquois group in Canada (mainly the Loretville reservation in the province of Quebec); OK. 1 thousand people By religion, Catholics. They formed a union of tribes, which entered the middle of the 17th century. to the Iroquois League.

Gurung- people in Nepal (300 thousand people, 1992) and Bhutan (250 thousand people), small groups - in India. The language of the Sino-Tibetan family. Believers are Buddhists.

GUTSULA- an ethnographic group of Ukrainians. They live in the Carpathians (Ivano-Frankivsk, Chernivtsi and Transcarpathian regions of Ukraine).

GELA(Gaels, Goidels, Highlanders) - an ethnographic group of Shot Landies in the highlands in the northwest of Scotland and the Hebrides; 80 thousand people (1992). The language is Gaelic. Believers are Catholics.

DAKOTA(self-named) - Indian people of the Sioux group in the USA (reservations in the states of South and North Dakota, Minnesota and Nebraska, 10 thousand people, 1992) and Canada (3 thousand people). Believers are mostly Christians (Protestants and Catholics).

DARGINS(self-named - Dargan) - people in Dagestan (over 280.4 thousand people, 1992). In total, there are 353 thousand people in the Russian Federation. The total number (including kaytags and kubachins) is 365 thousand people. The language is Dargin. The believers are Sunni Muslims.

DATCHANE- the people, the main population of Denmark (about 5 million people). They also live in the USA, Canada, Germany, Sweden, Norway, etc. The total number is 5.6 million people. (1992). The language is Danish. Believers are mostly Lutherans.

DAURA(datury, dakhurs) - people in the north of China, 125 thousand people, (1992). Until the middle of the 17th century. lived in the upper reaches of the river. Cupid and in the valleys pp. Argun and Zeya. The language of the Mongolian group. Believers are shamanists.

DAYAKI- a group of peoples (Ngajus, Clementans, Ibans, Kenya, etc.) in Indonesia, Malaysia and Brunei, the indigenous population of Fr. Kaliman tan; 3.7 million people (1992). Languages ​​of the Indonesian group. Adhere to traditional beliefs, there are Christians and Sunni Muslims.

DELIVERY(self-named - Lenape) - Indian people of the Algonquian group in the USA (states of New York, Wisconsin, Kansas, Oklahoma; 3 thousand people, 1992) and in Canada (reservations in the south of Ontario, 1 thousand people). Believers are Protestants (Moravian brothers).

JATS- a group of tribes, at the beginning of our era. inhabiting the western regions of the Punjab, later forming the ethnic basis of the Punjabis and entering the Sikh community. In India, the Jats form an agricultural caste. Major uprisings of the Jats in the 17th - 18th centuries are known. Since the time, the Jats live in northern India and Pakistan, 10 thousand people. (1992).

OWNED(self-named Dolgan, tya-kikhi, Sakha) - people in the Taimyr Autonomous Okrug (about 5 thousand people). In total, there are 7 thousand people in the Russian Federation. (1992). Dolgan language.

DOMINICANS- the people, the main population of the Dominican Republic public. The total number is 7.4 million people. (1992), incl. in the Dominican Republic there are 7.1 million people. They also live in the USA, Haiti, etc. Language - the local version of the Spanish language. Believers are mostly Catholics.

DOMINICIANS- the people, the main population of Dominica; 70 thousand people (1992). The language is the local dialect of English. Believers are mostly Catholics.

DRAVIDIANS- a group of peoples (Telugu, Tamils, Malayali, Kannara, Gondy, Oraons, etc.) in India, mainly in the south, as well as in Pakista and neighboring regions of Iran and Afghanistan (bragui). They belong to the South Indian race. Dravidian languages. Indigenous population of Hindustan.

DUALA(divala, duel) - people of the Bantu group in Cameroon; 1.4 million people (1992). They preserve traditional beliefs, some are Catholics.

DUN(self-named - gam, butam) ~ people in the south of China; 2.6 million people (1992). The language of the Thai family.

DUNGAN(self-named - Hui) - people in Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan, not a large part - in Uzbekistan; 70 thousand people (1992). Dungan language. The believers are Sunni Muslims.

DUNSYAN- people in China (Gansu province), 295 thousand people. (1987). The language of the Mongolian group. The believers are Sunni Muslims.

JEWS(self-named - yehudim, idn) - people. The number of people is 13.62 million. (1992), incl. in the USA approx. 6 million, Israel 4 million, in the Russian Federation 551 thousand people. (1992). Most speak the language of the country in which they live. Some Jews also speak Hebrew, Yiddish and other ethnic modifications of the languages ​​of neighboring peoples (Spanish, Arabic, Persian, etc.). Believers are mostly Judaists. The diaspora was divided into Ashkenazi and Sephardim.

EGYPTIANS(Arabs of Egypt) - the people, the main population of Egypt (54.2 million people). The total number is 54.6 million people. (1992). The language is Arabic. The believers are Sunni Muslims.

SAME- a group of Indian peoples (bororo, komgang, konela, etc.) in Brazil; OK. 40 thousand people (1992). The languages ​​of the family are the same.

ZANDA(self-named - azande) - people in the Congo and the border regions of the CAR and Sudan; 3.52 million people (1992), incl. 2.5 million people in Congo. Zande language. Retain traditional beliefs.

ZULU(Zulus, self-called amazulu) - people in South Africa They also live in Lesotho, Mozambique and Swaziland; 8.22 million people, incl. in South Africa 7.9 million people. (1992). Zulu language. They adhere to traditional beliefs, there are adherents of syncretic cults.

IBIO(agbishera) - people in the southeast of Nigeria (6.75 million people). The total number is 6.77 million people. (1992). Language ibibno, By religion - Christians, there are adherents of traditional beliefs.

IGBO(for) - the people in Nigeria. The total number is 21.6 million people. (1992). Igbo language. Believers are Christians (Protestants and Catholics), some adhere to traditional beliefs.

IJO(ijau) - people in Nigeria (2.15 million people). The total number is 2.17 million people. (1992). The language of half the Kwa family. Believers are mostly Christians (Protestants, some Catholics).

IZHORTSY(self-proclaimed - zuri) - people in the Russian Federation (in the Leningrad region, 449 people, 1992) and Estonia (306 people). The language is Izhora. Believers are Orthodox.

ILOKI(Ilocans) - people in the Philippines (7.1 million people, 1992). Ilokan language. Believers are Catholics.

INGUSHI(self-named - galgai) - people in the Russian Federation. They live mainly in Ingushetia (over 215 thousand people, 1992), Chechnya, North Ossetia. The total number is 237 thousand people. (1992). The language is Ingush. The believers are Sunni Muslims.

INDIANS- the indigenous population of America (except for the Eskimos and Aleuts); 35 million people (1992). The largest peoples are the Quechua, Aymara, Aztecs, Maya, Guarani, Araucani, etc. As a result of the European colonization of America, many tribes were completely or partially exterminated and pushed to other regions. In the USA and Canada, they live mainly in reservations. Bolivia and Guatemala make up the majority of the population. They are heavily mestized. Native American languages ​​are spoken, most of them also speak Spanish (Latin America) and English (North America). Believers - Catholics, Protestants, there are adherents of syncretic cults and traditional beliefs.

INDO- PAKMETANES- a common name for people from South Asia (mainly from India and Pakistan) outside of Hindustan. They speak mainly the language of the country of residence, Hindi, Tamil. Believers are mainly Hindus, Sunni Muslims, Sikhs, Jains.

JORDANES(Arabs of Jordan) - the people, the main population of Jordan. The total number in Jordan is 2 million. (1992), in Kuwait 350 thousand people. The language is Arabic. Believers are Sunni Muslims, some are Christians.

Iraqis(Arabs of Iraq) - the people, the main population of Iraq (14.5 million people). The total number is 14.6 million people. (1992). They speak the Iraqi dialect of the Arabic language. Believers are Sunni Muslims (mainly in the north) and Shiites (in the south).

IRISH(self-named - Erinnach) - people, the main population of Ireland (3.4 million people). They also live in Great Britain (2.5 million people), USA, Canada, etc. The total number is 7.8 million people. (1992). The language is Irish. Believers are mostly Catholics.

IROQUESIS- 1) a group of Indian peoples in the USA and Canada (the Iroquois, petunas, Hurons, Cherokees, etc.). Iroquois languages. Most of the peoples were assimilated in the 17th - 18th centuries. proper Iroquois. 2) The Iroquois proper (self-called Hodenosauni), the people of the Iroquois group in the USA (60 thousand people, 1992, the states of New York and Oklahoma) and Canada (30 thousand people, the provinces of Ontario and Quebec). They adhere to syncretic cults, there are Christians. In the XVI - XVIIl centuries. constituted the union of the tribes of the Seneca, Kayuga, Onondaga, Onenla, Mogauki (the so-called Iroquois League).

ISLANDS- people, the main population of Iceland, 255 thousand people. (1992). They also live in Canada (30 thousand people), the USA (5 thousand people) and European countries. The language is Icelandic. Believers are Lutherans.

Spanish- the people, the main population of Spain (27.6 million people). The total number of people is 29.0 million. (1992). The language is Spanish. Believers are mostly Catholics.

ITALO- SWISS- the people in Switzerland (230 thousand people, 1992). They also live in France, the USA, Argentina. The total number is 265 thousand people. The language is Italian. Believers are Catholics.

ITALIANS- the people, the main population of Italy (54.35 million people). The total number is 66.5 million people. (1992). The language is Italian. Ethnographic groups: Venetians, Piedmont, Tuscan, Lombard, Ligurians, Calabrians, Sicilians, etc. They also live in the USA (8.5 million people), Argentina (1.35 million people), France (1.1 million people) and other countries. Believers are mostly Catholics.

ITELMEN- people in the Russian Federation, in the Kamchatka region; 2.4 thousand people (1992). The language is Itelmen. Believers are truly glorious

IZU(s) - people in the south of China; 6.9 million people (1992). The language of the Sino-Tibetan family. Believers - Taoists, Confucians, some adhere to Traditional beliefs.

Yemeni(Arabs of Yemen) - people, the main population of Yemen (12.3 million people, 1992); 1.4million people live in Saudi Arabia. The language is Arabic. Believers are Muslims (Sunnis and Shiites).

YORUBA- the people of Nigeria (25.5 million people, 1992). They also live in Benin, Ghana, Togo and other African countries. The total number is 26.2 million people. (1992). Yoruba. By religion - Christians, there are Sunni Muslims and adherents of traditional beliefs.

KABARDINS(self-named - Adyge) - people in the Russian Federation, Kabardino-Balkaria (364 thousand people). They also live in the Krasnodar and Stavropol Territories and North Ossetia. In total, there are 386 thousand people in the Russian Federation. (1992). The language is Kabardino-Circassian. Believers are mostly Sunni Muslims, there are Orthodox Christians.

CABLES- the people of the Berber group in the mountainous regions of Northern Algeria, 3 million people. (1992). The language is Kabyle. Believers are Sunni Muslims.

QAJARS- the people in the north of Iran. Goes back to one of the Kyzylbash tribes, 30 thousand people. (1987). The language of the Turkic group. By religion - Shiite Muslims, some are Sunnis.

Cossacks- ethno-class groups consisting of the Russian and some other peoples. The total number in the Russian Federation is approx. 5 million people The language is Russian, bilingualism is widespread. Believers are Orthodox, there are representatives of other confessions.

KAZAKH(self-named - Cossack) - the people, the main population of Kazakhstan (over 6.54 million people, 1992). They also live in Uzbekistan (808 thousand people), Turkmenistan (87 thousand people), Kyrgyzstan (37 thousand people), Tajikistan and the Russian Federation (635.9 thousand people); in China (1.115 million people, 1992), Mongolia (125 thousand people), etc. The total number is 9.42 million people. The language is Kazakh. Believers are non-Sunni Muslim.

KAINGANG- Indian peoples of the group in Brazil, part in Para Guay, 20 thousand people. (1992). Believers are Catholics.

KAINGUA(Mbua) - Indian people of the Tupi Guarani group in Paraguay (30 thousand people), in the south of Brazil and in the north of Argentina. The total number is 55 thousand people. (1992). Believers are Catholics.

KAKCHIKELI- people in Guatemala, 350 thousand people. (1992). Is it a language? Believers are Catholics.

KALMYK(self-named - khalmg) - people, the main population of Kalmykia (over 146 thousand people); total in the Russian Federation 166 thousand people. (1992). The language is Kalmyk. Believers are Buddhists, there are Orthodox Christians.

CAMBA(akamba) - people in Kenya; 3.25 million people (1992). They adhere to traditional beliefs, there are Christians.

CAMPA- Indian peoples of the Arawak group in Peru, 50 thousand people. (1993). Kampa language. Believers are Catholics.

CANAKI(New Caledonians) - Melanesian people, the main population of New Caledonia, 60 thousand people. (1992). Believers are mostly Catholic, there are Calvinists, etc.

CANNARA(Kannada, self-designation - Kannadiga) - a people in India, the main population of the state of Karnataka, 35 million people. (1992). Kannada language. Believers are mostly Hindus, there are Sunni Muslims and Jains.

KANURI(take-take) - people in Nigeria, Niger, Cameroon and Chad. The total number of people is 6 million, incl. in Nigeria 5.1 million people. (1992). Kanuri language. The believers are Sunni Muslims.

KARAIM(self-named - karaylar) - people in Ukraine (mainly in Crimea) and in Lithuania; 2.6 thousand people (1989). Small groups also live in Poland. The language is Karaite.

KARAKALPAKI- people in Central Asia, mainly in Uzbekistan, in Karakalpakia (412 thousand people, 1992); 5 thousand people also live in Afghanistan (1992). In the Russian Federation - 6 thousand people. The Kalpak language. The believers are Sunni Muslims.

CARAT- an ethnographic group of Mordovians in Tataria.

Karachai(self-named - karachaylyla) - people in Karachay-Cherkessia (129 thousand people) and Stavropol Territory. In total, there are 150 thousand people in the Russian Federation. (1992). The language is Karachay-Balkar. The believers are Sunni Muslims.

KARELA(self-named - karyala) - the people in the Russian Federation, the indigenous population of Karelia (79 thousand people). They also live in Tver (23.2 thousand people) and some other regions. The total number of people is 131 thousand. (1992). The language is Karelian. Believers Karelians are really glorious.

KAREN(self-named - pghanyo) - people in Myanmar and in the west of Thailand yes; 3.7 million people, incl. in Myanmar St. 3.5 million people (1992). The language of the Sino-Tibetan family. Believers are mostly Buddhists, there are Christians (Baptists).

CATALONIANS- people in Spain (mainly in Catalonia); 7.5 million people They also live in the Faction, Italy and the countries of America. The total number is 8.16 million people. (1992). The language is Catalan. Believers are Catholics.

KACHARI- people in India (Assam state), 1 million people. (1992). The language of the Tibe-To-Burmese group. Mostly Hindus.

KACHIN(jingpo, self-designation - jingpo) - a people in Myanmar (675 thousand people, the national region of Kachin) and China, small groups - in Thailand, Laos and in the north-east of India. The total number is 810 thousand people. (1992). The language is Kachin. They preserve traditional beliefs, there are Buddhists and Christians (Baptists).

KASHKAYTSY(self-called Qashqai) - people in Iran (Fars province), 780 thousand people. (1992), They speak the dialect of the Azerbaijani language. They are divided into tribes and groups, about half are nomads. Muslims are Shiites.

KASHMIRTS(self-called Kashmiri) - people in India, the main population of the states of Jammu and Kashmir, 4 million people. (1992). Kashmi ri language. Mostly Sunni Muslims, there are Hindus.

KASHUBS- an ethnographic group of Poles living in the coastal part of Poland; speak the Kashubian dialects of the Polish language.

KVAKIUTLI(self-called Kwakiutl) - Indian people of the Va Kashi group in Canada, 1 thousand people. (1992). By religion, Protestants.

KEKCHI- Indian people in Guatemala (310 thousand people). They also live in El Salvador and Belize. The total number is 325 thousand people. (1992). The language of the Maya-Quiche family. Believers are Catholics.

Chicks(former name - Yenisei Ostyaks, Yenisei) - people living in the Krasnoyarsk Territory (Russian Federation), along the middle and lower reaches of the Yenisei; 1.1 thousand people (1992). The language is Ket. Believers are Orthodox.

QUECHUA(Kichua) - Indian people in Peru (7.7 million people), Ecuador (4.3 million people) and Bolivia (2.47 million people). They also live in Argentina, Chile and Colombia. The total number is 14.87 million people. (1987). Descendants of the creators of the Inca civilization. Quechua language. Believers are Catholics.

KIKUYU(gikuyu, agikuyu) - people of the Bantu group in Kenya, 6 million people. (1992). Kikuyu language. Most adhere to traditional beliefs, some are Catholics and adherents of syncretic cults.

Kirghiz(self-name - Kyrgyz) - people, the main population of Kyrgyzstan (2.23 million people). There are 175 thousand people in Uzbekistan, 64 thousand people in Tajikistan, 42 thousand people in the Russian Federation. (1992); in China 150 thousand people (1987). The language is Kyrgyz. The believers are Sunni Muslims.

KIRIBATI(self-named - tungaru) - Melanesian people, the main population of Kiribati (72 thousand people). They also live on neighboring islands. The total number is 78 thousand people. (1993). Believers are protest tants.

CHINESE(self-name, - han, hanzhen) - the people, the main population of the PRC (over 1.093 billion people). The total number is approx. 1.125 billion people (1992). The language is Chinese. Believers - Buddhists, Taoists, Confucians, there are Christians, etc.

KICHE(self-named - kechelah) - Indian people in Guatemala, 300 thousand people. (1992). The language of the Maya-Quiche family. Believers are mostly Catholics.

COLOMBIAN- the people, the main population of Colombia (32.5 million people). The total number is 34.5 million people. (1992). Mostly mestizo, part of the mulattoes, creoles. They speak Colombian Spanish. Believers are mostly Catholics.

COMMANDS(self-designation - pemena) - Indian people of the Shoshone group in the USA (reservations in the southwestern state of Oklahoma), 6 thousand people. (1992). Believers are Protestants.

KOMI(outdated name - Zyryane) - the people, the indigenous population of the Komi Republic (292 thousand people), in total in the Russian Federation 336 thousand people. (1992). The Komi language is Zyryan. Believers are Orthodox.

KOMI- PERMYAKI- people in the Russian Federation (147 thousand people, 1992), incl. in the Komi-Permyak Autonomous Okrug 95 thousand people The Komi language is Permian. Believers are Orthodox.

CONGO(Bakongo) - people of the Bantu group, in Congo (7.83 million people) and Angola (1.3 million people). They also live in Uganda, Gabon and others. The total population is 9.2 million. (1987). Congo language. Believers are mostly Christians (Catholics, partly Protestants), there are adherents of traditional and syncretic cults.

COPTS- an ethno-confessional group of Egyptian Arabs professing Christianity (mainly Monophisites, there are Units and Protestants). They live mainly in the cities of Upper Egypt, also in other countries of the Middle East; over 4 million people (1992). Then came the Ki pre-Arab population of Egypt.

CORDOFANEPEOPLES- a group of peoples (koalib, tegali, tagoy, kadugli-krongo, etc.) in Sudan (Kordofan plateau), 600 thousand people. (1992). Kordofan languages. The believers are Sunni Muslims.

KOREANS(self-named - cho son saram) - the people, the main population of the DPRK (22.5 million people) and the Republic of Korea (44 million people). The total number is 70.2 million people, (1992). There are 107 thousand people in the Russian Federation, 183 thousand people in Uzbekistan, 103.3 thousand people in Kazakhstan. (1992). The language is Korean. Believers - Buddhists, Confucians, there are Christians (Presbyterians).

CORSICANS- the people, the main population of about. Corsica, 300 thousand people (1992). They speak dialects of Italian and French. Believers are Catholics.

KORYAK- the people, the indigenous population of the Koryak Autonomous Okrug of the Russian Federation (7 thousand people). They also live in the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug and Magadan Oblast. The total number is 9 thousand people. (1992). The language is Koryak. Believers are Orthodox.

KOSA(Amakosa, Southern Zulu, Kaffirs) - people of the Bantu group in South Africa; 7.39 million people (1992). The tongue is a braid. Believers are Christians.

KOSTARICANS- the people, the main population of Costa Rica (over 2.94 million people). The total number is 2.98 million people. (1992). Mainly descendants of immigrants from Spain, some - mestizos, negros and mules. Mostly Spanish is spoken. Believers are mostly Catholics, blacks and mulattoes are Protestants.

Kpelle(kpese, gerze, pessi) - people in Liberia (600 thousand people, 1992) and Guinea (280 thousand people). The language of the Mande group. They adhere to traditional beliefs, some of them are Sunni Muslims, Christians and adherents of syncretic cults.

GDC- people of the Algonquin group in Canada (Ontario, Mani Toba, Saskatchewan, Alberta), 70 thousand people. (1992). Believers are Catholics and Protestants (Anglicans).

Screams- Indian people of the Muskog group in the USA, 26 thousand people. (1992). Believers are Protestants.

CRIMEANTatars- the people in Ukraine (Crimea, Kherson region), as well as in Uzbekistan, the Russian Federation (Krasnodar and Stavropol territories). OK. 272 K people (1992), Crimean Tatar language. The believers are Sunni Muslims.

KRYMCHAK- people in Crimea (Ukraine, 679 people, 1992) and the Russian Federation (about 330 people, mainly on the Black Sea coast of the Caucasus). They speak the dialect of the Crimean Tatar language. Believers are Judaists.

KUBACHINTS(self-named - Urbugan) - people in the Russian Federation (4 thousand people, 1992), incl. in Dagestan (2 thousand people). The language is Dargin. The believers are Sunni Muslims.

CUBINS- the people, the main population of Cuba (over 10.6 million people). The total number of people is 11.7 million. (1992). They speak Cuban Spanish. Believers are mostly Catholics.

KUMYK- people in Dagestan (232 thousand people). In total, there are 282 thousand people in the Russian Federation. (1992). The language is Kumyk. Believers are Sunni Muslim.

KUNA(self-named - thule) - Indian people of the Chibcha group in Panama, St. 50 thousand people (1992). Believers are Christians (Catholics and Protestants).

Kurds(self-called Kurd, Kurmanj) - a people in Turkey (over 7.5 million people), Iran (about 5.6 million people), Iraq (mainly the Kurdish Autonomous Region, 3.7 million people), Syria (over 745 thousand people, 1992) and in other countries. The total number is 18 million people. (1992). The language is Kurdish. Believers are mostly Sunni Muslims, there are adherents of syncretic cults (Yezidis, etc.).

KHASI- people in India (Meghalaya state) and neighboring areas of Bang Ladesh. The total number is 860 thousand people, incl. in India 770 thousand people. (1992). The Khasi language. Believers - about half are Protestant Christians, the rest are Hindus and adherents of traditional beliefs.

Khmer(self-called Khmer, Khmae) - people, the main population of Cambodia (8.6 million people). They also live in Vietnam, Thailand and other countries. The total number is 10.35 million people. (1992). Khmer language. Believers are Buddhists.

KhmerMOUNTAIN- a group of peoples (Kui, Sui, Banar, Sedang, etc.) in Cambodia, in the south of Vietnam and Laos and in Thailand, St. 1.6 million people (1992). The languages ​​of the Mon-Khmer group. Believers are mostly Buddhists.

KHOND(kandha, self-named - kuienja) - people in India (state of Oris sa), 920 thousand people. (1992). The language of the Dravidian family. Adhere to traditional beliefs.

LACKS(laki, kazikumukhtsy) - people in Dagestan (92 thousand people). In total, there are 106 thousand people in the Russian Federation. (1992). The language is Lak. Believers are Sunni Muslims.

LAO(Lao) - people, the main population of Laos (2.95 million people). They also live in the north and north-east of Thailand (15 million people) and in other countries of Indochina. The total number is 18 million people. (1992). The language is Lao. Believers are Buddhists.

LATS(self-named - Latvians) - people, the main population of Latvia (1.39 million people, 1992). There are 47 thousand people in the Russian Federation. The total number is 1.54 million people. (1992). The language is Latvian. Believers are mostly Protestants, some are Catholics.

Levantines- an ethnographic group of Lebanese and Syrian Arabs, the descendants of European settlers of the era of the Crusades, who mixed with the local population. The language is Arabic.

LESGINS(self-called Lezgiyar) - people in Dagestan (204 thousand people) and Azerbaijan (171 thousand people). There are 257 thousand people in the Russian Federation. (1992). The language is Lezgi. Believers are Sunni Muslims, there are Shiites.

LENKA(self-named) - Indian people of the Chibcha group in the south-west of Honduras (100 thousand people, 1992) and the north of El Salvador (10 thousand people). The language is Spanish. Believers are Catholics.

LEE(self-named - barking) - the people in China, the indigenous population of Fr. Hainan, 860 thousand people (1992). Whether language. Adhere to traditional beliefs.

LEBANESE(Lebanese Arabs) - the people, the main population of Lebanon (2.25 million people). Total number of 2.36 million people. (1992). They speak the Syro-Lebanese dialect of the Arabic language. Believers are Christians (Maronites, Melkites, Greek Orthodox, etc.) and Muslims (Sun Nits, Shiites).

LIBYANS(Libyan Arabs) - the people, the main population of Libya (4.16 million people). The total number of 4.18 million people. (1992). They speak the Libyan dialect of the Arabic language. Believers are Sunni Muslims.

DO YOU- an ethnic group (135 people) in the Ventspils region of Latvia and in the Russian Federation (64 people, 1992). The language is Livonian. Believers are Christians (Lutherans).

LITHUANIANS(self-named - letuviai) - people, the main population of Lithuania (2.924 million people, 1992). There are 70 thousand people in the Russian Federation, 34.6 thousand people in Latvia; in the USA St. 300 thousand people The total number is 3.45 million people. (1992). The language is Lithuanian. Believers are mostly Catholics.

LICHTENSTEINS- people, the main population of Liechtenstein, approx. 30 thousand people (1993). The language is German. Most believers are Catholics.

LOZY(balozi, rotse, barotse) - people in Zambia, 850 thousand people. (1992). They also live in Botswana (10 thousand people). They adhere to traditional beliefs, there are Christians, adherents of syncretic cults.

LUBA(baluba) - people in the Congo (7.1 million people). They also live in the north of Zambia, Tanzania and Rwanda. The total number is 7.15 million people. (1992). Bast tongue. Believers are mostly Catholics, there are non-Sunni Muslims and adherents of traditional beliefs.

LUZHYCHANE(Lusatian Serbs, Sorbs, Vendians) - people in Germany, 100 thousand people. (1992). The language is Lusatian. Believers are mostly Lutherans, there are Catholics.

Lund(balunda) - people in Congo, Zambia and Angola; 1.03 million people (1992). Believers are mostly Christians, some of them retain their traditional beliefs.

LUO- 1) a group of peoples in Africa. They are divided into northern Luo (Shilluk, Anuak, etc.) - in the south of Sudan, and southern Luo (actually Luo, Alur, Acholi, etc.) - in Uganda, Congo, Tanzania, Kenya, etc. Languages ​​of the Sharinil branch of the Nilo- Saharan languages. 2) Actually Luo (the name itself - Joluo) is the people of the Luo group in Kenya (3.25 million people) and Tanzania. The total number is 3.47 million people. (1992). They adhere to traditional beliefs, there are Christians (mainly Catholics) and Sunni Muslims.

LURA- people in Iran (2.8 million people, mainly in the historical regions of Lesser Luristan and Fars). They also live in Iraq. The total number is 2.86 million people. (1992). The language of the Iranian group. Believers - Muslims - Shiites.

LUKHYA(self-named - abaluya) - people in Kenya (4 million people). They also live in Tanzania. The total number of 4.75 million people. (1992). Adhere to traditional beliefs. There are Catholics.

LUXEMBOURGERS- the people, the main population of Luxembourg. They also live in Italy, Germany and France. The total number is 285 thousand people. (1992). Believers are mostly Catholics, there are Protestants.

MAVRA(Mauritanians, self-named - beidan) - people, the main population of Mauritania (1.75 million people). They also live in Western Sahara, Mali, Niger and others. The total population is 2.46 million. (1992). Descendants of the Berbers who mingled with the Arabs. They speak a dialect of the Arabic language (hasania). The believers are Sunni Muslims.

MAVRALANCIAN(Larakalla) - an ethnic group in Sri Lanka (mainly in cities) - descendants from marriages of Arabs (who settled in the 7th - 12th centuries) with Sinhalese and Tamil people; 1.25 million people (1992). They speak Sinhalese, Tamil and Arabic. The believers are Sunni Muslims.

Madurians- people in Indonesia (Madura Island and the eastern part of Java Island); 10.8 million people (1987). The language of the Indonesian branch. The believers are Sunni Muslims.

MAZENDERANS(Mazanderans) - people in Iran (Mazandaran); 2.2 million people (1992). The language of the Iranian group. Believers are non-Shiite Muslims.

MAYAN(Yukateki) - Indian people in Mexico, Guatemala (Yukatek Peninsula) and Belize. Only 700 thousand people, incl. in Mexico 670 thousand people. (1992). The language of the Mayan branch of the Maya-Quiche family. Believers are Catholics. The ancestors of the Maya are the creators of one of the most ancient civilizations of America (associated with the Olmec culture), which existed in the southeast of Mexico, Honduras, and Guatemala.

MACASAR(self-named - mangkasarak) - people in Indonesia (south-west of Sulawesi); 2.6 million people (1992). The language of the Indonesian branch. Believers are Sunni Muslims.

MACEDONIANS- the people, the main population of Macedonia. The total number of people is 1.77 million. (1992), incl. in Macedonia 1.63 million people. The language is Macedonian. Believers are Orthodox, there are Sunni Muslims.

MACUA(wamakua) - the people of the Bantu group in Mozambique (over 6.9 million people, 1992), neighboring regions of Malawi (over 1.3 million people) and Tanzania (300 thousand people). Macua language. They preserve traditional beliefs, there are Sunni Muslims and Christians (mostly Catholics).

MALAWI- a group of Bantu peoples, the main population of Malawi (over 6 million people). They also live in Mozambique, Zambia and others. The total population is 9.35 million. (1992). Malawi language. They adhere to traditional beliefs, there are Christians, Sunni Muslims and adherents of syncretic cults.

MALAGASIANS(malgashi) - people, the main population of Madagascar; 12.79 million people (1992). Small groups live in Reunion, Seychelles, Comoros, etc. The language is Malagasy. Most retain traditional beliefs, there are Christians and Sunni Muslims.

MALAYS- an ethnic community in Malaysia (over 12.8 million people), Indonesia (mainly Kalimantan and Sumatra), Thailand, Singapore and Brunei. The total number is approx. 21.3 million people (1992). The language is Malay. Believers are mostly Sunni Muslims.

MALAYALI- the people in India, the main population of the state of Kerala. The total number is 35 million people. (1992). Malayalam language. Believers are mostly Hindus, there are Christians and Muslims.

MALDIVES(self-named - Dhivehi) - people, the main population of the Maldives, 225 thousand people. (1992). The language of the Indo-Iranian branch. The believers are Sunni Muslims.

MALTESE- the people, the main population of Malta (355 thousand people). The total number is 490 thousand people. (1987). The language is Maltese. Believers are Catholics.

MAME(self-named - mum) - Indian people in Guatemala (290 thousand people, 1992) and neighboring regions of Mexico (10 thousand people). The language of the Mayakiche family. Believers are mostly Catholics.

MANIPURI(maitkhei) - people of the Kukichin group in India, the main population of the state of Manipur; 1.4 million people (1992). The manipuri language. Believers are mostly Hindus, there are Christians (Protestants) and Muslim Sunnis.

MANSY(obsolete - Voguls) - people in the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug (6.6 thousand people). In total, there are 8.3 thousand people in the Russian Federation. (1999). The Mansi language. Believers are Orthodox.

MANCHURS(self-named - Manchu Nyalma) - people, the indigenous population of Northeast China, 10 million people. (1992). The language is Manchu. Believers are Buddhists and Taoists, Confucians.

MAORI(self-named) - Polynesian people in New Zealand, 320 thousand people. (1992). The language is Maori. Believers are Christians (about Testants and Catholics).

MARATHI(self-named - Maratha) - people in India, the main population of the state of Maharashtra; 66.5 million people (1992). Marat-khi language. Bef xsie - mostly Hindus, there are Muslims (mostly Shiites), Buddhists, Catholics.

MARIANS(self-named - Mari, obsolete - Cheremis) - the people, the indigenous population of the Mari Republic (324 thousand people) and the neighboring regions of the Volga region and the Urals. In total, there are 644 thousand people in the Russian Federation. (1992). The language is Mari. Believers are Orthodox.

MOROCCANS(Moroccan Arabs) - the people, the main population of Morocco (19.4 million people). The total number is 20.35 million people. (1992). They speak a dialect of Arabic. The believers are Sunni Muslims.

Masai(Maasai) - people of the Nilot group in Kenya and Tanzania, 670 thousand people. (1992). Maasai language. Adhere to traditional beliefs.

MASATEKS- Indian people in Mexico (mountainous regions of Oaxaca), 130 thousand people. (1992). Language of the Otomi-Mixteko-Zapotek family. Mostly Catholics by religion.

MASAHUA(self-designation - nyatco) - Indian people in Mexico (mountainous regions in the west of the state of Mexico and the east of the state of Mi Choacan), 120 thousand people. (1992). Language of the Otomi-Mixteko-Zapotec family. Mostly Catholics by religion.

MATABELE(matebele, self-called amandebele) - people in Zimbabwe; 1.65 million people (1992) and South Africa (910 thousand people). Xin-Debele language. They adhere to traditional beliefs, there are Christians.

MEXICAN- the people, the main population of Mexico (78 million people .. 1992) and neighboring regions of the United States (13 million people); mostly mestizo. The language is Spanish. Believers are mostly Catholics.

MELANESIANS- a group of peoples (the largest are Fijians, Kanaks, etc.), the indigenous population of Melanesia; 1.7 million people (1992). The languages ​​are Melanesian. Believers - Protestants, Catholics, there are adherents of traditional beliefs.

MENDE- people in the east of Sierra Leone (about 1.32 million people, 1987) and the border regions of Liberia (over 10 thousand people). The language of the Mande group. Most adhere to traditional beliefs, there are Sunni Muslims and Protestants.

MENOMINI(self-named) - Indian people of the Algonquin group in the USA (reservation in Wisconsin, about half in cities), St. 43 K people (1987). By religion, Catholics.

MIKMAKI- the Indian people of the Algonquin group in Canada (reservations in the provinces of Quebec, Nova Scotia, Newfoundland and Prince Edward Island), 12.5 thousand people. (1987). Believers are Protestants and Catholics.

MICRONESIANS- a group of peoples (Kiribati, Truk, Marshalls, etc.), the indigenous population of Micronesia; 220 K people (1992). Micronesian languages. Believers - Catholics, Protestants, adhere to traditional beliefs.

MINANGKABAU(self-named) - people in Indonesia (6.98 million people, mainly in the west of Sumatra). The total number is 7 million people. (1992). The language of the Indonesian branch. The believers are Sunni Muslims.

MISKITO(mosquito) - Indian people in Nicaragua (150 thousand people, 4992) and Honduras (10 thousand people). Language of the Miskito-Matagalp family. Believers are Christians (mostly Moravian brothers).

MISHTEKI- Indian people in Mexico (mainly in the north and west of Oaxaca). 260 K people (1992). Language of the Otomi-Mixteko-Zapotec family. Believers are Catholics.

MOGICANS- Native American people of the Algonquin group in the USA (several hundred people on the Stockbridge Reservation, Wisconsin).

MOGOLS- people in the north of Afghanistan, 20 thousand people. (1992). Descendants of the Mongol conquerors of the 13th century, who mixed with the local population. The language of the Mongolian group. The believers are Sunni Muslims.

MOKSHA- ethnographic group of the Mordovians. Moksha language.

MOLDOVAN(self-named - moldova) - people, the main population of Moldova (2.8 million people). They also live in Ukraine (324.5 thousand people), in the Russian Federation (172.7 thousand people, 1992). The total number is 3.35 million people. The language is Moldavian. Believers are Orthodox.

MONGO(Mongo-Ikundo) - people in Zaire. Population 4.75 million people. (1992). Religiously - some are Catholics, the rest adhere to traditional beliefs.

MONGOLS(Khalkha Mongols) - people, the main population of Mongolia; 1.64 million people (1992). The language is Mongolian. They also live in China (Mongols of China; 5.24 million people). Believers are Buddhists.

Montagnier Nascapi- the Indian people of the Algonquin group in Canada (the provinces of Quebec and Newfoundland), 15 thousand people. (1992). They preserve traditional beliefs, there are Christians (Catholics and Anglicans).

MONS(Talain) - people in the south of Myanmar and in the south-west of Thailand, 820 thousand people. (1992). The language of the Mon Khmer group. Believers are Buddhists.

MOUNTAINS- a group of peoples in the north of Indochina (Pala Ung, Wa, Banar, Mang. Sedang, etc.); 4.4 million people (1992). Mon-Khmer languages.

MORDVA (Mordovians) - the people, the indigenous population of Mordovia (313 thousand people). The number of people in the Russian Federation is 1.073 million. (1992). The total number is 1.15 million people. They are divided into ethnographic groups Erzya and Moksha, Karates and Teryukhan. The languages ​​are Mordovian. Believers are Orthodox.

MORO- a group of peoples (sulu, samal, magindanao, maranao, yakany, etc.) in the south of the Philippines; 1.97 million people (1992). Languages ​​of the Indonesian group. The believers are Sunni Muslims.

MORU-MANGBETU- a group of peoples (Moru, Mali, Logo, Lendu, Mangbetu, etc.) in Zaire (1.25 million people, 1992) and Uganda (950 thousand people). The total number is 2.35 million people. The language of the Shari-nil branch of the Nilo-Saharan family. Mainly adhere to traditional beliefs.

MOSI(Mossi) - people in Burkina Faso (4.9 million people, 1992), Ghana (2.5 million people) and Cote d'Ivoire (150 thousand people). Total number 7.6 million people The language of the Gur subfamily The majority adhere to traditional beliefs, some are Sunni Muslims.

Munda(self-named - Horoko) - people of the Munda group in India (mainly the state of Bihar); 2.03 million people (1992). OK. 20 thousand people also live in Bangladesh. Mundari language. They adhere to traditional beliefs, there are Hindus and Christians.

MUSKOGS- Indian people in the USA, 8 thousand people. (1992). The language is Muskogee. Believers are Protestants.

MYANMAR(Burmese) - the people, the main population of Myanmar (eu 30 million people). They also live in India, Cambodia, Laos and others. The total population is 30.28 million. (1987). The language is Burmese. Believers are mostly Buddhists.

MIA(meo, self-named - Hmong) - people in the south of China, north of Vietnam, Laos, Myanmar and Thailand; 8.53 million people, incl. in China 7.65 million. (1992). The language of the Miao-Yao group. Adhere to traditional beliefs.

Navajo(self-named - Dene) - Indian people of the Atapas-KBV group in the USA, 170 thousand people. (1987). Believers are Christians, there are followers of syncretic cults.

NAGA is a group of peoples (ao. Sema, angama, etc.) in India, the main population of the state of Nagaland. They also live in the states of Manipur and Assam and neighboring regions of Myanmar. The total number is 1.12 thousand people. (1992). Naga language. By religion, some are Christians, the rest adhere to traditional beliefs.

NAGAYBAKI- an ethnographic group of Tatars, descendants of those baptized in the 16th century. Nogais. They live in Bashkiria and the Chelyabinsk region (Russian Federation). Population 6 thousand people (1992). The language is Tatar. Believers are Orthodox.

NAMBIKVARA- Indian peoples of the same group in Brazil (in the north of the state of Mato Grosso), 8 thousand people. (1987). Adhere to traditional beliefs.

NANAYS ( self-named - nani, outdated. name - golds) - people, mainly in the Khabarovsk Territory (Russian Federation), 12 thousand people. (1992). The total number is 17 thousand people. The language is Nanai.

NGANASANA(self-named - nya) - people in the Krasnoyarsk Territory (Russian Federation); 1.3 thousand people (1992). The language is Nganasan. Believers are Orthodox, some adhere to traditional beliefs.

NGONI(Angoni. Mombera, Mgwangara) - people in Malawi. Tanzania, Zambia, etc. (1.4 million people, 1992). Ngoni language. They adhere to traditional beliefs, some are Christians. NEVARS are a people in Nepal (900 thousand people. 1992), some - in India (10 thousand people). Nsvari language. Religiously - Hindus and Buddhists, some adhere to traditional beliefs. NEGIDALTS (self-named - elkan beyenin, obsolete - orochons, gilyaks) - people in the Khabarovsk Territory (Russian Federation). 587 people (1992). The language is Negidal. Adhere to traditional beliefs.

GERMANS- the people, the main population of Germany (over 74.6 million people). The total number is 86.0 million people. (1992), incl. in the Russian Federation 843 thousand people, in Kazakhstan 958 thousand people (1992). The language is German. Believers are Protestants (mainly Lutherans) and Catholics.

Nenets(self-named - khasova, obsolete - samoyeds, yuraks) - people in the Arkhangelsk and Tyumen regions, in the Krasnoyarsk Territory (Russian Federation). The total number is 34 thousand people. (1992). The language is Nenets. Believers are Orthodox, some adhere to traditional beliefs.

Non-fingers(khasa. self-name. - nepali) - people, the main population of Nepal (11.3 million people .. 1992). They also live in India (2.1 million people). The language is Nepali. Believers are Hindus.

NIVKHI(self-named - nivkh, obsolete - ^ gilyaks) - people in the Russian Federation ^ indigenous population of the lower reaches of the river. Amur (Khabarovsk Territory) and about. Sakhalin; 4.6 thousand people (1992). The language is Nivkh. Believers are Orthodox, there are traditional beliefs.

NICARAGUANIANS- the people, the main population of Nicaragua (3.5 million people). The total number is 3.6 million people. (1992). Mostly mestizo and creoles. The language is Spanish. Believers are mostly Catholics, some are Protestants (mainly in the east of the country).

NILOTS- a group of peoples (yinka, nuer, southern luo, bari, lotu-ko, maasai, find, pokot, etc.) in East Africa; 20.25 million people (1987). The languages ​​are Nilotic.

NOGAYS(self-named - nogai) - people in the Russian Federation, mainly in the Stavropol Territory, in Dagestan, as well as in Karachay-Cherkessia, Chechnya and Ingushetia; 75.2 thousand people (1992). The language is Nogai. The believers are Sunni Muslims.

NORSE- the people, the main population of Norway (4.15 million people). The total number is 5 million people. (1992). The language is Norwegian. Believers are mostly Lutherans, there are Catholics.

NUBIANS(self-named - nuba) - a people in the south of Egypt (350 thousand people. 1992) and the north of Sudan (2.2 million people), the indigenous population of Nubia. The language is Nubian. The believers are Sunni Muslims.

NUPE(self-named - nupensisi) - people in Nigeria; 1.5 million people, (1992). The language of the kva group. Believers are mostly Sunni Muslims.

NURISTANTS(kafirs) - a group of related tribes (kathi, weigali, ashkuni, prasun) in the north-east of Afghanistan (150 thousand people, 1992) and in the neighboring regions of Pakistan (10 thousand people). The languages ​​of Nuristan. The believers are Sunni Muslims.

NUTKA- the Indian people of the Wakash group in Canada (the coast of Vancouver Island), partly in the USA (Washington state). The total number is 2 thousand people. (1992). Believers are Christians.

NUER(self-named - Naas) - the people of the Nilot group in southern Sudan (1.6 million people. 1992) and in the neighboring regions of Ethiopia (100 thousand people). Nuer language. Adhere to traditional beliefs.

NYAMWEZI(self-named - wanyamvszi) - people in Tanzania. The population, together with related sukum and nyaturu, is 4.5 million. (1992). They adhere to traditional beliefs, there are Sunni Muslims and Christians (mainly Catholics).

NYANCOLE(hima) - people of the Bantu group in Uganda; 1.5 million people (1992). They adhere to traditional beliefs, there are Christians.

OWAMBO(Ambo) - the people of the Bantu group in Namibia (750 thousand people .. 1992) and Angola (240 thousand people). Believers are Christians (mostly Lutherans).

OVIMBUNDU(mbundu) - people of the Bantu group in Angola; 3.7 million people (1992). Believers are Catholics and Protestants, some of them retain their traditional beliefs.

OJIBWE(Chippewa) - Indian people of the Algonquin group in the USA (10 thousand people, 1992) and Canada (20 thousand people). Believers are mostly Catholics.

OIRATS- a group of Western Mongolian peoples (Derbets, Bayats, Torguts, Oles, Zakhchins, etc.). The population in Mongolia is 145 thousand people. (1992), in China 25 thousand people. Oirat language. Believers / believers are Buddhists.

OMANS(Arabs of Oman) - the people, the main population of Oman. Population 1.5 million people (1992). They also live in Kuwait (100 thousand people). The language is Arabic. Believers are Muslims (Khariji-you-Ibalites, Sunnis, adherents of Wahhabism).

Oraons(self-called Kurukh) - a people in India (2 million people, 1992). St. 10 thousand people lives in Bangladesh. The language of the Dravidian family. Most believers adhere to traditional beliefs, some are Christians.

ORIA(duck) - the people in India, the main population of the state of Orissa (32.2 million people .. 1992). OK. 50 thousand people live in Bangladesh. Oriya language. Believers are Hindus.

OROCI(self-named - ulta, ulcha) - people in the Russian Federation (on Sakhalin Island): 0.2 thousand people. (1992). The language is Orok. Believers are Orthodox.

OROMO(Galla) - the people of the Kushite group in Ethiopia (20.3 million people, 1992) and neighboring regions of Kenya (over 200 thousand people), Eritrea and Sudan. The total number is 20.6 million people. (1992). Oromo language. Believers are mostly Sunni Muslims, there are Christians (Monophysites, Lutherans, Catholics).

OROCHI ( self-named - Orochisel) - people in the Russian Federation (Primorsky and Khabarovsk Territories), 883 thousand people. (1992). The language is Oroch. Believers are Orthodox, some adhere to traditional beliefs.

OSSETIANS(self-called iron, digoron) - people in the Russian Federation (402.6 thousand people, including 335 thousand people in North Ossetia) and Georgia (164 thousand people, including in South Ossetia 65 thousand people, 1992). The total number is 598 thousand people. (1992). The language is Ossetian. Believers are mostly Orthodox, there are Sunni Muslims.

OTOMI(self-named - nian niu) - Indian people in Mexico (300 thousand people, 1992). The language of the Otomi-Mixteko-Zapot family. Believers are mostly Catholics, there are Protestants.

PALESTINIAN ARABS(Palestinians) - the people, the indigenous population of Palestine. The total number is 5.5 million people. (1992): in Israel, St. 826 thousand people, in the West Bank of the river. Jordan 973 thousand people, St. 645 thousand people, in Jordan 2.23 million people, as well as refugees in a number of countries. The language is Arabic. Believers are mostly Sunni Muslims.

PAMIRIAN PEOPLES(Pamir Tajiks, Pamiris) - ethnographic groups of Tajiks in Tajikistan (Yazgulsmi, Rushans, Bartangs, Shugnans, Ishkishms, Vakhans). Afghanistan (Mundjans, Zsbashs, etc.), Pakistan (Yidga and Mundjans) and China (Sarykolysh and Wakhanies). Number of 300 thousand people (1992). Pamir languages. The believers are Sunni Muslims.

PAMPANGANS- people in the Philippines (central and southwestern part of Luzon Island), 2 million people. (1992). The language of the Indonesian branch. Believers are mostly Catholics.

Panamians- the people, the main population of Panama (about 2.23 million people). The total number is 2.3 million people. (1992). Mostly mestizo and mulattoes. The language is Spanish. Believers are mostly Catholics.

PANGASINANS- people in the Philippines (Pangasi-nan province, Luzon island); 1.45 million people (1992). The language of the Indonesian branch. Believers are mostly Catholics.

PANJABTS(Punjabis) - a people in Pakistan (Punjab province, 82 million people, 1992) and India (Punjab state). The total number is approx. 90 million people Punjabi. The Punjabi believers in India are mostly Hindus, Pakistan's are mostly Sunni Muslims.

ANSP- a group of Indian peoples of the upper Amazon (Guaikuru, Chama, Kashinaua, Chacobo, etc.). They live in the east of Peru (30 thousand people, 1992), the west of Brazil (up to 1 thousand people) and the north of Bolivia (1 thousand people). Pano languages. Adhere to traditional beliefs.

PAPUAS- a group of peoples, the indigenous population of Western Melanesia (enga, chimbu, hagen, kamano, huli, etc.); 4.8 million people (1992). They speak Papuan languages. First studied by N.N. Miklukho-Maclay.

PARAGUAYS- the people, the main population of Paraguay (4.12 million people). The total number is 4.5 million people. (1992). Mostly mestizo. They speak Spanish and Guarani. Believers are Catholics.

PAKHARI- a group of peoples in the northwest of India (Kumaoni, Garkhvali, etc.), 3 million people. (1992). The language of the Indian group. Believers are mostly Hindus.

PEDI(bapsdi, northern suto) - people of the Bantu group in South Africa and neighboring regions of Zimbabwe and Botswana. Population 2.85 million people. (1987), incl. in South Africa approx. 2.76 million people They adhere to traditional beliefs, some are Christians (Protestants).

PENUTI- a group of Indian peoples (Tsimshians, Sahaptins, etc.) in the western United States (10 thousand people. 1992). Penuti language. Adhere to traditional beliefs.

PERSIANS(Farsi, self-called Irani) - people in Iran (21.3 million people). The total number of St. 21.9 million people (1987). The language is Persian. By religion - Shiite Muslims.

PERUANIAN- people, the main population of Peru (about 13.7 million people). The total number is 13.82 million people. (1992). Mostly mestizo and mulattoes. Languages ​​Spanish and Quechua. Believers are mostly Catholics.

PIPIL(self-named - maceual) - Indian people in El Salvador. 155 K people (1992). The language of the Aztec-Tanoan family. By religion - Catholics.

POLYNESIANS- a group of peoples (Maori, Samoans, Tongans, Tahitians, etc.), the indigenous population of Polynesia; 1.12 million people (1992). Polynesian languages. Believers are Catholics, some adhere to traditional beliefs.

POLES- the people, the main population of Poland (over 37.75 million people). The total number is 44.2 million people. (1992), incl. in the Russian Federation 94.6 thousand people, in Ukraine 219.2 thousand people, in Lithuania 258 thousand people, Belarus 417.7 thousand people. The language is Polish. Believers are mostly Catholics.

PORTUGUESE- the people, the main population of Portugal (9.8 million people). The total number is 13.44 million people. (1992). The language is Portuguese. Believers are mostly Catholics.

PUEBLO- a group of Indian peoples (Hopi, Zuni, Keres, Tano) in the southwestern United States (states of New Mexico and Arizona), 32 thousand people. (1987). The languages ​​of the Uto-Aztec family, the Ksrss language is close to the Hocaltec languages.

PUERTORICANS- the people, the main population of Puerto Rico; 3.55 million people (1992). They also live in the USA (2.22 million people). Mostly Creoles, mulattoes and blacks. They speak the local variety of Spanish. Believers are mostly Catholics.

RAJASTHANIS- the people in India, the main population of the state of Rajasthan (19.9 million people, 1992). They also live in Pakistan (400 thousand people). The language of the Indo-Iranian group. Believers are mostly Hindus.

RETOROMANTS- a group of peoples in Italy (Ladins and Friuls, 740 thousand people, 1992) and Switzerland (Romansh, 60 thousand people). Romance language. Believers are Catholics and Protestants.

REUNION CREOLS- people, the main population of Reunion (400 thousand people .. 1992). The language is creolized French. Believers are Catholics.

Reefs- the people in Morocco. The number of people is 1.25 million. (1992). Reef language. The believers are Sunni Muslims.

RWANDA(Nyarwanda, Banyarwanda) - people of the Bantu group, the main population of Rwanda (7.1 million people). They also live in Zaire (over 3.9 million people), Uganda (1.1 million people) and others. The total number is 12.35 million people. (1992). Believers are mostly Catholics, some adhere to traditional beliefs.

ROMANIANS- the people, the main population of Romania (20.66 million people). The total number is 21 million people. (1992), incl. in the Russian Federation approx. 6 thousand people The language is Romanian. Believers are mostly Orthodox.

RUNDY(self-named - barundi) - people of the Bantu group, main. population of Burundi (4.5 million people). They also live in Zaire, Uga-da and Rwanda. The total number is 8 million people. (1992). Some bend traditional beliefs, some - Christians (mainly Catholics).

RUSSIAN- the people, the main population of the Russian Federation (over 119.87 million people). In Ukraine 11.35 million people, in Kazakhstan 6.23 million people, Uzbekistan 1.65 million people, Belarus 1.34 million people, Kyrgyzstan 916.6 thousand people, Latvia 905.5 thousand people people, Moldova 562 thousand people, Estonia 474.8 thousand people, Azerbaijan 392.3 thousand people, Tajikistan 388.5 thousand people, Lithuania 344.5 thousand people, Georgia 341, 2 thousand people, Turkmenistan 333.9 thousand people, Armenia 51.5 thousand people (1989). They also live in the countries of America (mainly in the USA) and Western Europe. The total number is 146.5 million people. (1992). Russian language. Believers are mostly Orthodox.

ROUTULES(self-named - myh abdyr) - people in Dagestan (Ru-Tulsky and Akhtynsky regions) and Azerbaijan (Nukhinsky region), 20 thousand people. (1992). Rutulian language. The believers are Sunni Muslims.

SAAMI(Lapps) - the people in the northern regions of Norway (30 thousand people, 1992), Sweden (15 thousand people), Finland (5 thousand people) and the Russian Federation (2 thousand people). The language is Sami. Sami believers in the Russian Federation are Orthodox, in Scandinavia - Lutherans).

SALARS(self-called salyr) - people in China (mainly in Qinghai province), 90 thousand people. (1992). Salar language. The believers are Sunni Muslims.

Salvadores- the people, the main population of El Salvador (over 4.84 million people). The total number is 5.3 million people. (1992). The language is Spanish. Believers are Catholics.

SAMOANS- Polynesian people, the main population of the Samoa Islands (190 thousand people). They also live in New Zealand, Australia, etc. The total population is 335 thousand people. (1992). Believers are mostly Protestants.

SANTALES- the people of the Munda group in India (6.2 million people, mainly the states of Bihar and West Bengal). They also live in Bangladesh, Nepal and Bhutan. The total number is 6.3 million people. (1992). Santali language. They preserve traditional beliefs, some of them are Hindus.

SALOTEK- Indian people in Mexico (Oaxaca state), 350 thousand people. (1992). Zapotec language. Believers are Catholics.

Sasaki- people in Indonesia (Lombok island); 1.75 million people (1992). Sasak language. Believers are mostly Sunni Muslims, some retain their traditional beliefs.

THE SAUDERS(Arabs of Saudi Arabia) - the people, the main population of Saudi Arabia (13.25 million people, 1992). They also live in Kuwait (50 thousand people). The language is Arabic. Believers are Muslims (Sunnis and Shiites).

SWAZI(self-named - ama-swazi. ama-ngwane) - people of the Bantu group, the main population of Swaziland (660 thousand people) and neighboring regions of South Africa (1.2 million people). They also live in Mozambique. The total number is 1.87 million people. (1992). Swazi language. Retain traditional beliefs, some are Baptists.

SEYCHELLES(Creoles of Seychelles) - people, the main population of the Republic of Seychelles. Population 65 thousand people (1992). Criol language. Believers are Catholics, Anglicans.

SEKLERS(Szekei) - an ethnographic group of Hungarians in Transylvania (Romania); 1.7 million people (1987).

SELISHI- a group of Indian peoples in the southwest of Canada and the northwest of the United States. St. 20 thousand people (1992). The languages ​​are Sslish. Believers are Christians.

SELKUP(outdated name - Ostyak-Samoyeds) - people in the Russian Federation, Tyumen and Tomsk regions and Krasnoyarsk Territory; 3.6 K people (1992). The language is Selkup. Believers are Orthodox.

SEMANGI- a group of Negro peoples (Msnik, Mehndi, etc.) in Malaysia and Thailand, approx. 8 thousand people (1992). Semang language. Retain traditional beliefs.

SEMINOLES- the Indian people of the Muskog group in the states of Oklahoma and Florida (USA), St. 4 thousand people (1992). Christians.

SENOI- a group of peoples (Semai, Timiar, Besisi, etc.) in Malaysia and Thailand, approx. 40 thousand people (1992). Languages ​​of the Malacca group of the Austroasian family. Retain traditional beliefs, there are Sunni Muslims.

SENTVINCENTS- the people, the main population of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (105 thousand people .. 1992). The language is the local dialect of English. Believers are Anglicans. Methodists, some of them are Catholics, there are adherents of traditional beliefs.

SENTLUSIANS- the people, the main population of Saint Lucia (135 thousand people .. 1992). The language is the local dialect of English. Believers are Catholics, some are Protestants, adherents of traditional beliefs.

SENUFO- people in Mali. Burkina Faso and Cote d'Ivoire; 3.8 million people (1992) Senufo language. They preserve traditional beliefs, there are Sunni Muslims.

Serbs(self-named - srbi) - people, the main population of Serbia and the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. The total number is 10.16 million people, incl. in Serbia, St. 6.7 million people (1992). The language is Serbo-Croatian. Believing Serbs are Orthodox, there are Catholics and Protestants, Sunni Muslims.

SEREP- the people in Senegal (1.32 million people, 1992) and the Gambia (over 10 thousand people). Sersr language. Retain traditional beliefs.

SETU- an ethnographic group of Estonians in the south-east of Estonia and in the Pechersk district of the Pskov region. Believers are Orthodox.

SEFARDS- a sub-ethnic group of Jews using the Ladino (Ssfard) language and close to Spanish. Descendants of immigrants from the Iberian Peninsula, live in the countries of North Africa, Asia Minor, the Balkan Peninsula, in Israel.

SIAMESE(Khontai) - people of the Thai group, the main population of Thailand (29.5 million people). The total number is 29.7 million people. (1992). The language is Siamese. Buddhists.

Shikhi- a people who stood out from the Punjabis. The total number is 16.7 million people. (1992), incl. in India 16.5 million people. The language is Punjabi. Believers are Sikhs.

SINGALS(Sinhalese) - people, the main population of the Republic of Sri Lanka (13.2 million people .. 1992). The language is Sinhalese. Believers are Buddhists

SYNDHY- the people, the main population of the Sindh province in Pakistan (16.8 million people), in the neighboring regions of India, St. 2 million people (1992). Sindhi language. Believers are Sunni Muslims, mostly Hindus in India.

SYRIANS(Arabs of Syria) - the people, the main population of Syria. The number in Syria is 11.75 million. (1992). They also live in Kuwait (100 thousand people). The total number is 11.85 million people. The language is Arabic. Believers are Sunni Muslims, there are Shiites and Christians.

SNU- a group of Indian peoples (Dakota, Assiniboins, Crow, OSSJ, etc.) in the USA and Canada. 70 thousand people (1992). They speak Sioux languages. Believers are Christians, there are adherents of traditional beliefs.

SLAVS- a group of peoples in Europe: Eastern (Russians, Ukrainians, Belarusians), Western (Poles, Czechs, Slovaks, Lusatians), Southern (Bulgarians, Serbs, Croats, Slovenes, Macedonians, Bosnians, Montenegrins). The number of people is 293.5 million. (1992), incl. in the Russian Federation 125.5 million people Believers - Orthodox, Catholics, some Protestants. They speak Slavic languages.

SLOVAKI(self-named - slovadi) - people, the main population of Slovakia. The number of 5.6 million people, incl. in Slovakia approx. 4.5 million people (1992). The language is Slovak. Believers are Catholics, there are Protestants and Uniates.

SLOVENIANS(self-named - Slovenia) - the people, the main population of Slovenia. Number of 2.3 million people. (1992), of which 1.7 million people are in Slovenia. The language is Slovenian. Believers are Catholics, there are Protestants and Orthodox.

SOMALIANS(Somalia) - the people, the main population of Somalia (6.1 million people). They also live in Ethiopia, Kenya and others. The total population is 7.7 million. (1992). Somali language. The believers are Sunni Muslims.

SONGAI- people in Niger, Mali, Burkina Faso, Nigeria and Benin; 1.6 million people (1992). Songhai language. The believers are Sunni Muslims.

SONINKE- one of the Mandingo peoples in Mali, Burkina Faso, Senegal, Mauritania, Gambia; 1.37 million people (1992). The language of the Mande group. Believers are Sunni Muslims, some are Catholics.

SWAHILI(Wasuahili) - the people of the Bantu group in Tanzania (2.06 million people), Mozambique, Zaire, etc. The total number is 2.4 million people. (1992). Swahili language. The believers are Sunni Muslims.

SUDANESE(Arabs of Sudan) - people, the main population of Sudan (about 13 million people). They also live in Chad (1.29 million people) and other countries. The total number is 14.3 million people. (1992). The believers are Sunni Muslims.

SUNDA(Sundans, self-called - sunda) - people in Indonesia, mainly in the west of about. Java; 24.5 million people (1992). The Sundanese language. The believers are Sunni Muslims.

SUSU(self-named - coco) - the people of the Mandingo group in Guinea, Sierra Leone; OK. 1.16 million people (1992). Susu language. The believers are Sunni Muslims.

SUTO(Basuto) - people of the Bantu group, the main population of Lesotho and neighboring regions of South Africa. The number of St. 4 million people (1992), of which 2.44 million people in South Africa, 1.6 million people in Lesotho. They also live in Botswana. Suto language. Believers are Christians, some adhere to traditional beliefs.

TABASARANS- people in Dagestan (78.2 thousand people), in total in the Russian Federation 93.6 thousand people. (1992). The total number is 98 thousand people. The language is Tabasaran. The believers are Sunni Muslims.

TAGALY(self-named - tagailog) - people in the Philippines, the main population of the central and southern parts of Fr. Luzon; 15.4 million people (1992). The language is Tagalog. Believers are Catholics.

TAJIKI- people, the main population of Tajikistan (3.172 million people), in the Russian Federation 38.2 thousand people. (1992). The language is Tajik. Believers are mostly Sunni Muslims.

TAI- a group of peoples (Siamese, Zhuang, Lao, Bui, Shan, Tai, etc.) in the countries of Indochina, South China and North-East India; 70 million people (1992). Languages ​​of the Thai group.

THAHITIANS- the people, the main population of about. Tahiti and other islands of the Society; 130 K people (1992). Tahitian language of the Polynesian group. Believers are Calvinists, some are Catholics.

THAI(bo) - people in South China, 1 million people. (1992). The language is Thai. Believers are Buddhists.

TALYSHI- the people in the southeast of Azerbaijan (21.1 thousand people, 1989) and in the north of Iran (100 thousand people, 1992). The language is Talysh. Believers are Shiite Muslims, some are Sunnis.

TAMILS- the people in India (the main population of the state of Tamil Nad). 61 million people (1992); in the north of Sri Lanka approx. 2.8 million people They also live in Singapore and others. The total population is 64.1 million. The language is Tamil. Believers are Hindus, there are Sunni Muslims and Christians.

TARASKI(self-named - purepecha) - Indian people in Mexico, 65 thousand people. (1992). Tarasco language. Believers are Catholics.

Tatars(self-called Tatars) - people, the main population of Tatarstan (1.765 million people, 1992). They also live in Bashkiria, the Mari Republic, Mordovia, Udmurtia, Chuvashia, Nizhny Novgorod, Kirov, Penza and other regions of the Russian Federation. The Turkic-speaking communities of Siberia (Siberian Tatars), Crimea (Crimean Tatars) and others are also called Tatars. The total number is 6.71 million people, of which 5.52 million people are in the Russian Federation (excluding the Crimean Tatars). (1992). The language is Tatar. Believing Tatars are Sunni Muslims.

TATS- the people in the Russian Federation (mainly in Dagestan - 12.9 thousand people; only 19.4 thousand people, 1992) and Azerbaijan (10.2 thousand people). The language is Tatsky. Believers are Judaists, Sunni Muslims, Monophisite Christians.

TEKE(bateque, self-called thio) - people of the Bantu group in Zaire (1.05 million people, 1992), Congo (410 thousand people) and Gabon (about 20 thousand people). Believers are mostly Catholics, some of them retain their traditional beliefs.

TELUGU(andhra) - people in India, the main population of the state of Andhra Pradesh. They also live in the states of Tamil Nadu and Karnataka; 74.5 million people (1992). Telugu. Believers are mostly Hindu, some are Sunni Muslims.

DARK(self-named - atemne) - people in Sierra Leone; 1.55 million people (1992). The language of the Niger-Congolese branch. Most adhere to traditional beliefs.

TECO(self-named - Iteso) - the people of the Nilot group in Uganda (1.55 million people, 1992) and neighboring regions of Kenya (270 thousand people) and Sudan (about 100 thousand people). Teso language. Most retain traditional beliefs, there are Christians.

TIBETAN(self-named - pyoba) - people in the south-west of China (Tibet and neighboring regions; 4.75 million people). They also live in India and Bhutan. The total number is 4.83 million people. (1992). The language is Tibetan. Believers are Buddhists.

TIV(self-named - Munshi) - a people in Nigeria (2.7 million people, 1992) and Cameroon (300 thousand people). Tiv language. Most retain traditional beliefs, there are Christians and Sunni Muslims.

TIGERS- people in Ethiopia and Eritrea. The total number is 4 million people. (1992), incl. in Ethiopia 2.2 million people. Tiger tongue. Believers are mostly Monophysian Christians, there are Sunni Muslims.

TIGRE- people in Eritrea (1.2 million people, 1992). Tiger tongue. Believers are mostly Sunni Muslims, some are Christians.

TLINKITI(self-named - tlingit) - Indian people in the USA (southeast of Alaska) and Canada (Yukon territory), only approx. 1 thousand people (1992). The language of the Na-Dene family. Believers are Christians (mostly Orthodox).

TONGA- the people of the Bantu group in Zambia and Zimbabwe; 1.65 million people (1992). Most believers retain traditional beliefs, there are Christians and Sunni Muslims.

TONGA- people, the main population of Tonga, 105 thousand people. (1992). They also live in Australia. The language of the Polynesian group. Believers are Christians (mostly Methodists), some are Catholics.

TORAJI- a group of peoples (sadangi, poso, koro, palu, etc.) in Indonesia (central part of Sulawesi); 1.5 million people (1992). They speak Indonesian languages. Believers are mostly Sunni Muslims and Protestant Christians.

TOTONAKI- Indian people in Mexico, 200 thousand people. (1992). The language is related to the Penuti languages. Believers are Catholics.

TOFALARS(self-named - tofa, obsolete name - karagasy) - people in the Nizhneudinsky district of the Irkutsk region; OK. 700 people (1992). The language of the Turkic group. Believers are Orthodox.

TSWANA(chuana. bschuany) - people of the Bantu group, the main population of Botswana, 1 million people. (1992). They also live in neighboring regions of South Africa (about 3.7 million people), in Zimbabwe and Namibia. Setswana language. Most retain traditional beliefs, there are Christians.

TSONGA(self-named - batsonga) - the people of the Bantu group in the south of Mozambique (3.5 million people, 1992), in the neighboring regions of South Africa (1.4 million people), etc. The total number is 5.3 million people. Tsonga language. Some are Catholics, some adhere to traditional beliefs.

TOUAREGS(self-named - imoschag) - the people of the Berber group in Mali, Niger, Burkina Faso, Algeria and Libya; 1.15 million people (1992), incl. in Mali St. 610 K people Tuareg languages. The believers are Sunni Muslims.

TUVINIANS(self-named - Tuva, outdated names - Soyots, Uryankhais, Tannu-Tuvinians) - people, the main population of Tuva (198.4 thousand people). In total, there are 206.2 thousand people in the Russian Federation. (1992). The total number is 207 thousand people. (1992), also live in Mongolia and China. The language is Tuvan. Believers are Lamaists.

TUKANO(betoya) - a group of Indian peoples (corsguahe, cuteo, macuna, etc.) in Colombia, Brazil. Peru and Ecuador, 51 thousand people (1992), incl. 30 thousand people in Colombia. They speak toucan languages. Most believers retain traditional beliefs, there are Christians.

TULU- people in India, mainly in the west of Tamil Nad state; 1.9 million people (1992). The language of the Dravidian family. Believers are Hindus.

TUNISIANS(Arabs of Tunisia) - the people, the main population of Tunisia (8.2 million people). The total number is 8.6 million people. (1992). The language is Arabic. Believers are mostly Sunni Muslims.

TUPI-GUARANI- a group of Indian peoples (Guarani, Kaingua, Guayaki, Tupinamba, Munduruku, Siriono, etc.) in Paraguay, Brazil, Bolivia, Peru, Guyana, etc., ISO thous. (1992). Tupi Guarani languages. Believers adhere to traditional beliefs.

TURKS(self-called Turk) - people, the main population of Turkey (50 million people). The total number is 53.3 million people (1992). The language is Turkish. The believers are Sunni Muslims.

TURKMEN(self-named - Turkmen) - people, the main population of Turkmenistan (2.537 million people, 1992). They also live in Afghanistan, Iran, Turkey and other countries. The total number is 4.6 million people. The language is Turkmen. The believers are Sunni Muslims.

TUTSZIA(self-named - bisek) - people in China (provinces of Hunan and Hubei); 5.9 million people (1992). The language of the Sino-Tibetan family.

DIAMS(cham, tyam) - people in Cambodia, Vietnam and Thailand, 290 thousand people. (1992). The language of the Indonesian group. Believers are mostly Hindus, there are Sunni Muslims in Cambodia.

UGRES- the generalized name of peoples related in language - Trans-Ural Mansi and Khanty, Danube Hungarians (Magyars). They speak the Ugric languages ​​of the Finno-Ugric group.

UDIN(self-named - udi) - people in Azerbaijan (6.1 thousand people). The total number is 8 thousand people. (1992). There are 1 thousand people in the Russian Federation. The language is Udi. Believers Udins - Christians (monophysites and Orthodox).

UDMURTS(self-named - Udmurt, obsolete name - Votyaks) - the people, the indigenous population of Udmurtia (497 thousand people). The total number is 747 thousand people. (1992). The language is Udmurt. Believers are Orthodox.

Udegeans(self-named - ude, udekhe) - people in the Primorsky and Khabarovsk Territories of the Russian Federation (2 thousand people, 1992). The language is Udege.

UZBEK(self-name - Uzbek) - people, the main population of Uzbekistan (14.145 million people, 1992). They also live in Afghanistan (over 1.7 million people), Tajikistan (about 1.2 million people). Kazakhstan (332 thousand people), etc. The total number is 18.5 million people. The language is Uzbek. The believers are Sunni Muslims.

Uighurs(self-called Uyghur) - a people in China (7.5 million people, 1992). They also live in Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, etc. The total number is 7.77 million people. The language is Uyghur. The believers are Sunni Muslims.

UKRAINIANS- the people, the main population of Ukraine (37.42 million people). In the Russian Federation 4362.8 thousand people, Kazakhstan 896.2 thousand people, Moldova 600.3 thousand people, Belarus 291 thousand people, Uzbekistan 153.2 thousand people, Kyrgyzstan 108 thousand people ., Latvia 92.1 thousand people; in Canada 530 thousand people, the USA 500 thousand people. Poland 300 thousand people, Argentina 100 thousand people. The total number is 46 million people. (1992). The language is Ukrainian. Believers are Orthodox, part of the Uniates.

ULCHI(self-named - nani) - people in the Khabarovsk Territory of the Russian Federation (3.2 thousand people, 1992). The language is Ulchi. Believers are mostly Orthodox.

URUGUAYS- the people, the main population of Uruguay (2.7 million people). The total number is 2.83 million people. (1992). The language is Spanish. Believers are mostly Catholics.

WELSH(Welsh) - a people in Great Britain, the main population of Wales (880 thousand people). They also live in the USA, Canada, etc. The total number is 1 million people. (1992). The language is Welsh. Believers are mostly Anglicans.

FANG(pangwe, pahuin) - a group of Bantu peoples (actually Fang, Yaounde, Mvele, etc.) in Cameroon (2.53 million people), Gabon and Equatorial Guinea. The total number is 3.25 million people. (1992). Mainly they preserve traditional beliefs, there are Christians.

FARRETS- people, the main population of the Faroe Islands (40 thousand people, 1992). The language is Faroese. Believers are Lutherans.

Fijians- the people, the indigenous population of the Fiji Islands (340 thousand people, 1992). Fijian language. Believers are Protestants.

Finns(self-named - Suomalayset) - people, the main population of Finland (4.65 million people). The total number is 5.43 million people. (1992), incl. in the Russian Federation 47.1 thousand people (1989). Finnish language. Believers are Protestants (Lutherans).

FLEMISH- people in the north of Belgium (over 5.1 million people, 1992), in the Netherlands (1.72 million people), in other countries (about 250 thousand people). The language is Flemish. Believers are Catholics.

FRANCO CANADIAN- a people in Canada (the province of Quebec, part of the graces of Ontario and New Brunswick; 7.2 million people, 1992). They also live in the USA (over 2 million people). Speak Canadian French. Believers are mostly Catholics.

FRENCH PEOPLE- the people, the main population of France. OK. 47 million people (1992). The language is French. Believers are Catholics.

FRIULES(self-named - furlans) - a people in Italy. Population 720 thousand people (1992). Romance language. Believers are Catholics.

FULBE(afuli, fulani, poel) - people in Nigeria. Guinea. Senegal. Mali, Niger, Cameroon, Burkina Faso, Benin, Guinea-Bissau, etc. 22.7 million people in total. (1992). incl. in Nigeria 14 million people. Ful language. Believers are mostly Sunni Muslims.

Khazareans(self-named - Khazar) - people in Afghanistan (1.7 million people, 1992) and Iran (220 thousand people). The language of the Iranian group. Believers are Shia Muslims.

Khakas(self-named - Khakass, outdated name - Abakan or Minusinsk Tatars) - people in Khakassia (62.9 thousand people), in total in the Russian Federation 79 thousand people. (1989). The language is Khakass. Believers are Orthodox, traditional beliefs are preserved.

KHALKHA(Khalkhasians) - the people of the Mongols of modern Mongolia.

HANI- a group of peoples in China (over 1.3 million people) and the countries of Indochina. The total number is 1.48 million people. (1992). The languages ​​are Lolo-Burmese.

HUNTS(self-named - khante, obsolete name - Ostyaks) - the people in the Khanty-Mansiysk (11.9 thousand people) and Yamalo-Nenets (7.2 thousand people) autonomous okrugs and the Tomsk region. In total, there are 22.3 thousand people in the Russian Federation. (1989). The language is Khanty. Believers are Orthodox.

HOUSE- people in Nigeria (26 million people). Niger (4.3 million people) and others. The total number of 30.8 million people. (1992). Hausa language. Believers are mostly Sunni Muslims.

HIBARO(Shuara) - a group of Indian peoples in Peru (40 thousand people, 1992) and Ecuador (35 thousand people). Languages ​​of the Ando-Equatorial Macrofamily. Believers are Catholics.

Hindustans(Hindustani) - an ethnic community, the main population of India (over 245 million people, 1992). St. 656 thousand people outside of India. Consist of many local groups. Hindi. Believers are mostly Hindus. some adhere to traditional beliefs.

XO- people of the Munda group in India (Bihar state); 1.2 million people (1992). Believers are mostly Hindus.

HOCK- a group of Indian peoples in the United States (California) and Mexico. Total approx. 70 thousand people (1992). The Hocaltek languages. Adhere to traditional beliefs.

CROATATES- people, the main population of Croatia (3.8 million people). They also live in Serbia (200 thousand people). Bosnia and Herzegovina (830 thousand people). The total number is 5.65 million people. (1992). The language is Croatian-Serbian. Believers are mostly Catholics.

Huei(Huizu, Tungan, Dungan) - people in China (mainly in the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region); 8.9 million people (1992). Dialects of the Chinese language. The believers are Sunni Muslims.

Tsakhurs- people in Dagestan (5.2 thousand people) and Azerbaijan (13 thousand people .. 1992). Tsakhur language. The believers are Sunni Muslims.

ZIMSCHIANS- Indian people in the USA (Alaska. 30 thousand people, 1992) and Canada (2 thousand people). The language of the Penutian family. Believers are Christians.

Gypsies(self-named - Roma) - ethnic community; live in many countries. Ancestors - immigrants from India (end of the 1st millennium AD). The total number is 2.62 million people. (1992); in the Russian Federation 153 thousand people (1989). The language is gypsy.

CHAMORRO- the people, the main population of the Mariana Islands. Population 98 thousand people (1992), incl. on about. Guam 80 thousand people The language of the Indonesian group. Believers are Christians.

CHARAIMAKI- a group of peoples (jsmshids, firyuzkuhi, taima-ni teimuri) in northwestern Afghanistan (600 thousand people, 1992) and northeastern Iran (260 thousand people). Languages ​​of the Iranian group. Believers are mostly Sunni Muslims, some in Iran are Shiites.

CHEYENNES(self-named - dzi-tsis-tas) - Indian people of the Algonquin group in the USA (reservations in the states of Montana and Oklahoma), 8 thousand people. (1992). Believers are Christians (Protestants).

CHERKESY(self-named - Adyge) - people in Karachay-Cherkessia (40.2 thousand people). In total, there are 50.7 thousand people in the Russian Federation. (1992). In Turkey and other countries of Western Asia, all immigrants from the North Caucasus are also called Circassians. The total number of 270 thousand people. (1992). The language is Kabardino-Circassian. The believers are Sunni Muslims.

Montenegrins- people, the main population of Montenegro (460 thousand people); in Serbia 140 thousand people (1992). They also live in the USA and Albania. The total number is 620 thousand people. They speak the INTO-Kavian dialect of the Serbo-Croatian language. Believers are mostly Orthodox.

CZECHES- the people, the main population of the Czech Republic (9.55 million people, 1992). The total number is 10.38 million people. The language is Czech. Believers are mostly Catholics, there are Protestants.

Chechens(self-called Nokhchi) - people in Chechnya and Ingushetia (734.5 thousand people) and Dagestan (57.9 thousand people). In total, there are 899 thousand people in the Russian Federation. (1992). The total number is 957 thousand people. The language is Chechen. The believers are Sunni Muslims.

ZHUANG(self-called Bunun) - people in China (Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Yunnan Province), 16 million people. (1992). Zhuang language. Traditional beliefs, Taoists.

CHIBCHA- a group of Indian peoples (kuna, guaimi, muisca, pasto, etc.) in South and Central America, 635 thousand people. (1992). Chibchan languages. Believers are Catholics.

Chileans- the people, the main population of Chile (over 11.4 million people). The total number is 11.78 million people. (1992). The language is Spanish. Believers are Catholics.

CHIROKI ( Cherokee) - the Indian people of the Iroquois group in the United States (reservations in the states of North Carolina and Oklahoma), 66 thousand people. (1992).

CHUVANTS(Shelagi, self-named - ethel) - people in Chukotka (basin of the Anadyr River), approx. 1.5 thousand people (1992). They speak the Yukaghir dialect. Believers are Orthodox.

CHUVASH(self-named - chavash) - the people, the main population of Chuvashia (907.6 thousand people), also live in Bashkiria, Tatarstan, Ulyanovsk and Samara regions, etc. In total there are 1773.6 thousand people in the Russian Federation. (1992). The language is Chuvash. Believers are Orthodox.

CHUKCHI- the people in the Chukotka (about 12 thousand people) and Koryaksky (1.5 thousand people) Autonomous Okrugs. Total in the Russian Federation 15.1 thousand people. (1992). The language is Chukchi. Believers are Orthodox.

SHAN(self-named - thai nyo) - people of the Thai group in the northeast of Myanmar (2.85 million people), in Thailand and Laos. The total number is 2.93 million people. (1987). Believers are mostly Buddhists.

SWEDEN- the people, the main population of Sweden (over 8.06 million people). The total number is 9.4 million, people. (1992). The language is Swedish. Believers are Christians (mostly Lutherans).

SWISS Is the general name of the population of Switzerland. Includes German-Swiss (4.22 million people, 1992), Franco-Swiss Tsars (1.16 million people), Italian Swiss (230 thousand people) and Romanshians (60 thousand people). They speak German, French, Italian and Romansh, respectively. Believers are Protestants (most of the German-Swiss, Franco-Swiss, and Romansh) and Catholics (Ital-Suticians-tsars, etc.).

SHERPS(Sherpa) - people in the east of Nepal (100 thousand people, 1992) and in neighboring regions of India (15 thousand people). The language of the Tibeto-Burman group. Believers are Buddhists.

SHILLUK(self-named - cholo) - people in Sudan. Population 430 thousand people (1992). Shilluk language. Traditional beliefs persist.

SHUNA(Mashona) - people of the Bantu group in Zimbabwe (7.5 million people). Mozambique (about 1 million people), Botswana and South Africa. The total number is 8.68 million people. (1992). Shona language. They adhere to traditional beliefs, there are Christians.

SHORTSY(self-named - Shor) - people in the Russian Federation, in the Kemerovo region (Gornaya Shoria); 16 thousand people (1992). The Shor language.

Scots- people, the main population of Scotland and adjacent islands (5.18 million people). The total number is 6.1 million people. (1992). The language is Scottish. Believers are mostly Presbyterians (except for the ethnographic group of Gaels).

SHOSHONY- a group of Indian peoples (actually Shoshone, Comanches, Utah, Hopi, etc.) in the USA. Total approx. 70 thousand people (1992). The languages ​​of the Uto-Aztec family. Traditional beliefs.

EVE(self-called Evegbe) - people in Ghana (1.9 million people, 1992), Togo (1.71 million people) and Nigeria (50 thousand people). Ewe language. Maintain traditional beliefs, there are Christians and Sunni Muslims.

EVENKI(self-named - Orochon, obsolete - Tungus) - people in the Krasnoyarsk Territory and other regions of Siberia. In total, there are 29.9 thousand people in the Russian Federation. (1992). They also live in China (35 thousand people, 1992). The language is Evenk. Believers are adherents of traditional beliefs, Orthodox.

EVENS(self-named - Ewen, obsolete - Lamuts) - people in Yakutia, Magadan and Kamchatka regions, Khabarovsk Territory. Population 17.0 thousand people (1992). The language is Even.

ECUADORIANS- the people, the main population of Ecuador (6.6 million people). The total number is 6.73 million people. (1992). The language is Spanish. Believers are mostly Catholics.

ENZY(obsolete - Yenisei Samoyeds) - people in the Taimyr (Dolganr-Nenets) Autonomous Okrug. The number is approx. 200 people (1992). The language is Enets. Believers are Orthodox.

ERZYA- ethnographic group of the Mordovians. The language is Erzyan.

ESCIMOS(self-named - Inuit) - a group of peoples in Alaska (USA, 38 thousand people, 1992), northern Canada (28 thousand people), about. Greenland (Greenlanders, 47 thousand people) and in the Russian Federation (Magadan Oblast and Wrangel Island; 1.7 thousand people, 1992). The language is Eskimo.

Estonian(self-named - eestlassed) - people, the main population of Estonia (963 thousand people); in the Russian Federation 46.4 thousand people (1992). They also live in the USA and Canada. Sweden and Australia. The total number is approx. 1.1 million people (1992). The language is Estonian. Believers - mostly Lutherans, there are Orthodox (mostly Setos).

ETHIOPES- the name of the population of Ethiopia.

YUKAGIR(self-named - detkil) - people in Yakutia and the Magadan region (Russian Federation). Population 1.1 thousand people (1992). The language is Yukaghir.

JAVANESE- people in Indonesia (89.0 million people), the main population of the central part of the island. Java. They also live in Malaysia, Australia, the Netherlands, etc. The total population is 89.6 million. (1992). Javanese language. Believers are mostly Sunni Muslims.

YAKUTY(self-named - Sakha) - the people, the indigenous population of Yakutia (365 thousand people), the total number of 382 thousand people. (1992). The language is Yakut. Believers - Orthodox

JAMANES- the people, the main population of Jamaica (2.37 million people. The total number of 3.47 million people. (1992). Mostly blacks and mulattos, Speak the dialect of English. Believers - mostly Protestants.

YANOMAMA- a group of Indian peoples (shiriana, vaika, etc.) in the south of Venezuela (15 thousand people, 1992) and the north of Brazil (12 thousand people). The languages ​​are close to the Chibchan languages. They preserve traditional beliefs, there are Christians.

YAO(self-named - min, man, zao) - people in the south of China (2.2 million people, 1992), the north of Vietnam (460 thousand people) and Laos (about 90 thousand people). The language of the Miao-Yao group. Believers are adherents of traditional beliefs.

YAO(Vayao) - the people of the Bantu group in the west of Malawi (about 1.4 million people, 1992), the south of Tanzania (over 571 thousand people) and the north of Mozambique (over 560 thousand people). Believers are Sunni Muslims, there are Christians.

JAPANESE(self-called nihonzin) - the people, the main population of Japan (123.6 million people). The total number is 125.6 million people. (1992). The language is Japanese. Believers are mainly Shintoists and Buddhists, there are Christians and followers of syncretic cults.

In the modern world, Russia is the largest country, occupying a vast area - more than seventeen thousand square kilometers. Two continents divide it into parts - European and Asian. Each of them is larger in the territory of many not so small states of the Earth.

In terms of population, however, our country is only in ninth place. The number of Russians today does not even reach one hundred and fifty million people. The problem is that most of the country's territory lies under deserted steppes and taiga, for example, such are the most remote regions of Siberia.

However, this is offset by the number of peoples living here. This was predetermined by the past. Historically, Russia is a multinational state, which it has become, absorbing neighboring peoples, attracting foreigners with large territories and riches. According to official data, now the Russian state is home to almost two hundred peoples, sharply differing in number: from Russians (more than one hundred and ten million people) to Kereks (less than ten representatives).

How many of us?

How many peoples live on the territory of Russia? How to find out? The leading sources of useful information about the population of our country are statistical censuses that have been regularly conducted in recent years. At the same time, according to modern methods and according to democratic approaches, the data on the nationality of the inhabitants of Russia by origin are not noted in the documents, which is why the digital material for the census appeared on the basis of the self-determination of Russians.

In total, in recent years, slightly more than 80% of the country's citizens declared themselves Russian by nationality, only 19.1% remained for representatives of other peoples. Almost six million census participants could not identify their nationality at all or defined it as a fantastic people (elves, for example).

Summing up the final calculations, it should be noted that the total volume of the country's peoples who do not consider themselves a Russian population did not exceed twenty-five million citizens.

This suggests that the ethnic composition of the Russian population is very complex and requires constant special attention. On the other hand, there is one large ethnic group that serves as a kind of core of the entire system.

Ethnic composition

The basis of the national composition of Russia is, of course, Russians. This people originates from the Eastern Slavs, who have lived on the territory of Russia since ancient times. A significant part of Russians, of course, exist in Russia, but there are large strata in a number of former Soviet republics, in the United States. It is the most significant European ethnic group. Today, more than one hundred and thirty-three million Russians live in the world.

Russians are the titular people of our country, their representatives dominate in a significant number of regions of the modern Russian state. Of course, this led to side effects. The spread of this nation over several centuries over a vast territory in the course of historical development has led to the formation of dialectal, as well as separate ethnic groups. For example, Pomors live on the coast of the White Sea, they make up a sub-ethnos of local Karelians and Russians who came in the past.

Among the more complex ethnic associations, groups of peoples can be noted. The largest group of peoples is represented by the Slavs, mainly from the eastern subgroup.

In aggregate, representatives of nine large linguistic families live in Russia, strongly diverging in language, culture, and way of life. With the exception of the Indo-European family, they are mostly of Asian origin.

This is the approximate ethnic composition of the Russian population today, according to official data. What can be said for sure is that our country is distinguished by a significant diversity of nationalities.

The largest peoples of Russia

The nationalities living in Russia are quite clearly divided into numerous and small numbers. The former include, in particular:

• The Russian inhabitants of the country number (according to the last census) more than one hundred and ten million people.
• Tatars of several groups, reaching 5.4 million people.
• Ukrainians numbering two million. The bulk of the Ukrainian people live on the territory of Ukraine; in Russia, representatives of this people appeared in the course of historical development in the pre-revolutionary, Soviet, modern periods.
• Bashkirs, another nomadic people in the past. Their number is 1.6 million.
• Chuvash, residents of the Volga region - 1.4 million
• Chechens, one of the peoples of the Caucasus - 1.4 million, etc.

There are other peoples with a similar number that have played an important role in the past and, possibly, the future of the country.

Small peoples of Russia

How many small peoples live on the territory of Russia? There are many such ethnic groups in the country, but they are poorly represented in the total volume, since they are very small in number. These national groups include the peoples of the Finno-Ugric, Samoyed, Turkic, Sino-Tibetan groups. Especially small are the Kereks (a tiny people - only four people), the Vod people (sixty-four people), the Enets (two hundred seventy-seven), the Ulti (almost three hundred people), the Chulyms (a little more than three and a half hundred), the Aleuts (almost half a thousand) , Negidals (just over five hundred), Orochi (almost six hundred). For all of them, the problem of survival is the most acute and everyday issue.

Map of the peoples of Russia

In addition to the wide spread in the size of the national composition of Russia and the inability of many ethnic groups in modern times to maintain their numbers independently, there is also the problem of distribution in the country. The population of Russia is settled very heterogeneously, which is primarily caused by economic motives both in the historical past and in the present.

The bulk is located in the area between the Baltic St. Petersburg, Siberian Krasnoyarsk, the Black Sea Novorossiysk and the Far Eastern Primorsky Territory, where all the big cities lie. The reasons for this are the good climate and favorable economic background. To the north of this area is permafrost caused by the permafrost, and to the south there are vast expanses of lifeless desert.

In terms of population density, Siberia is one of the last places in the modern world. Its vast territory has less than 30 million inhabitants permanently. This represents only 20% of the total population of the country. While in its vast area Siberia reaches three quarters of the vastness of Russia. The most densely populated areas are the directions Derbent - Sochi and Ufa - Moscow.

In the Far East, a significant population density runs along the length of the entire Trans-Siberian route. Increased norms of population density are also observed in the area of ​​the Kuznechny coal basin. All these areas attract Russians with their economic and natural wealth.

The largest peoples of the country: Russians, to a lesser extent Tatars and Ukrainians - are mainly located in the south-west of the state. Most Ukrainians today are located on the territory of the Chukotka Peninsula and in the Khanty-Mansiysk District, in the distant Magadan Region.

Other small peoples of the Slavic ethnic group, such as Poles and Bulgarians, do not create large compact groups and are scattered throughout the country. A fairly compact group of the Polish population is located only in the Omsk region.

Tatars

The number of Tatars living in Russia, as noted above, has exceeded the level of three percent of the total Russian population. About a third of them live compactly in the region of the Russian Federation called the Republic of Tatarstan. Group settlements exist in the regions of the Volga region, in the far north, and so on.

A significant part of the Tatars are supporters of Sunni Islam. Certain groups of Tatars have linguistic differences, culture and way of life. The common language is within the Turkic group of languages ​​of the Altai language family, it has three dialects: Mishar (western), the more common Kazan (middle), a little distant Siberian-Tatar (eastern). In Tatarstan, this language appears as an official one.

Ukrainians

One of the many East Slavic peoples is the Ukrainians. More than forty million Ukrainians live in their historical homeland. In addition, significant diasporas exist not only in Russia, but also in the countries of Europe and America.

The Ukrainians living in Russia, including labor migrants, make up about five million people. A significant number of them are located in cities. Especially large groups of this ethnic group are located in the capital, in the oil and gas regions of Siberia, the Far North, and so on.

Belarusians

In modern Russia, Belarusians, taking into account their total number in the world, make up a large number. As the re-writing of the Russian population of 2010 shows, the Belarusians living on the territory of Russia, a little more than half a million people. A significant proportion of white-rus-owls are located in the capitals, as well as in a number of regions, for example, in Karelia, the Kaliningrad region.

In the pre-revolutionary years, a large number of Belarusians moved to Siberia and the Far East, later there were national administrative units there. By the end of the eighties, there were more than one million Belarusians on the territory of the RSFSR. Nowadays, their number has decreased by half, but it is obvious that the Belarusian stratum in Russia will be preserved.

Armenians

There are a lot of Armenians living in Russia, however, according to various sources, their number differs. Thus, according to the 2010 census, there were slightly more than one million people in Russia, that is, less than one percent of the total population. According to the assumptions of Armenian public organizations, the number of the Armenian stratum in the country at the beginning of the twentieth century exceeded two and a half million people. And Russian President V.V. Putin, speaking about the number of Armenians in Russia, voiced the figure of three million people.

In any case, Armenians play an important role in the social and cultural life of Russia. Thus, Armenians work in the Russian government (Chilingarov, Bagdasarov, etc.), in show business (I. Allegrova, V. Dobrynin, etc.), in other spheres of activity. There are regional organizations of the Union of Armenians of Russia in sixty-three regions of Russia.

Germans

The Germans living in Russia are representatives of an ethnic group that has gone through a contradictory and in some ways even tragic history. Massively resettling in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries at the invitation of the Russian government, they mainly settled in the Volga region, western and southern provinces of the Russian Empire. Life on the good lands was free, but in the twentieth century, historical events hit the Germans hard. First World War I, then World War II led to massive repressions. In the fifties and eighties of the last century, the history of this ethnos was hushed up. It is not for nothing that in the nineties, the mass migration of Germans began, whose number, according to some information, barely exceeds half a million.

True, in recent years, episodic re-evacuation from Europe to Russia has begun, but so far it has not reached a large scale.

Jews

How many Jews currently live in Russia is difficult to say due to their active migration both to Israel and back to the Russian state. In the historical past, there were many Jews in our country - in the Soviet era, several million. But with the collapse of the USSR and significant migration to their historical homeland, their number decreased. Now, according to the data of public Jewish organizations, there are approximately one million Jews in Russia, half of them are residents of the capital.

Yakuts

This is a rather large Turkic-speaking people, an indigenous population of the region adapted to local conditions.

How many Yakuts are there in Russia? According to the 2010 All-Russian census of the domestic population, there were slightly less than half a million people, mainly in Yakutia and nearby regions. The Yakuts are the most numerous (about half of the population) people and the most significant of the indigenous peoples of Russian Siberia.

In the traditional economy and material culture of this people, there are many close, similar moments with the pastoralists of South Asia. On the territory of the Central Lena, a variant of the Yakut economy was formed, combining nomadic cattle breeding and the most important extensive types of industries (meat and fish), suitable for the local one. In the north of the region, there is also a distinctive form of draft reindeer herding.

Reasons for resettlement

The history of the ethnic composition of the population of Russia in the course of its development is extremely ambiguous. The accelerated settlement of the Russian state by Ukrainians took place back in the Middle Ages. In the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, at the direction of government agencies, settlers from the southern lands were sent to the east to develop new territories. After a while, representatives of social strata from different regions began to be sent there.

Representatives of the intelligentsia voluntarily moved to St. Petersburg in the era when this city had the status of the capital of the state. Nowadays, Ukrainians make up the largest ethnic group in Russia in terms of the number of people after, of course, Russians.

Representatives of small nations are at the other extreme. Kereks, which have the smallest numbers, are in particular danger. According to the last census, only four of them remained, although fifty years ago there were only a hundred Kereks. The leading languages ​​for these people are Chukchi and generally accepted Russian, the native Kerek is found only in the form of an ordinary passive language. The Kereks are very close to the Chukchi people in terms of culture and ordinary daily activities, which is why they were in constant assimilation with them.

Challenges and the future

The ethnic composition of the population of Russia will undoubtedly develop in the future. In modern conditions, the revival of ethnographic traditions and the culture of peoples is well noticeable. However, the development of ethnic groups is experiencing a number of problems:

• poor fertility and gradual decline in most peoples;
• globalization, and at the same time the influence of the culture and life of large peoples (Russian and Anglo-Saxon);
• general economic problems that undermine the economic base of peoples, and so on.

Much in such a situation depends on the national governments themselves, including the Russian government, and on world opinion.

But I want to believe that the small peoples of Russia will continue to develop and grow in the coming centuries.