Assembly- a form of leisure for the nobility - meeting-balls with the participation of women, introduced by Peter I in 1718
Bironovshchina - the regime of government established under the Empress Anna Ioannovna (1730-1740), named for her favorite Ernst Johann Biron. It was characterized by the dominance of foreigners in all areas of government and power, the plundering of the country, repression against the disaffected.
Bureaucracy – 1) a set of persons professionally engaged in management (bureaucracy), responsible to the state leadership and living at the expense of the received wages (salary); 2) control system the state through the apparatus of officials.
Eastern question- a term meaning a complex of contradictions powers in the Middle East, the Balkans, in the Black Sea Straits and in North Africa - in the territories subject to the Ottoman empire (Turkey).
Guard- the best part of the army.
Province - the main administrative-territorial unit of Russia since 1708 was divided into counties... Several adjacent provinces could constitute a general government.
Palace coup - forcible removal of the monarch from power by one of the opposition court groups with the help of guards.
Power– 1) large and powerful country; 2) the emblem of power, one of the monarch's regalia: a golden ball with a crown or cross at the top.
"Certificate of honor to the nobility"- a document confirming everything privilege, data nobility after the death of Peter I, as well as allowing the creation of noble societies in provincesand counties.
"Certificate of Appreciation to Cities"- a document that defined the rights and obligations of the urban population, the management system in cities.
Emperor - a person, the bearer of the highest royal dignity, as well as the title of such a person. In Russia, the title of emperor was adopted by Peter I in 1721.
Intensive - giving high performance.
Capitalist peasants- wealthy peasants who had capital and were engaged in entrepreneurial activities.
Collegiums- the central executive authorities in charge of a particular industry (army, navy, foreign policy, etc.). Were introduced by Peter I instead of orders.
Condition- the conditions specified in the contract.
Peasants-migrants- peasants who were allowed, with the permission of the landowner, to leave the village for seasonal work in order to earn money rent.
Magistrate- city government body, introduced under Peter I.
Bourgeoisie (bourgeoisie) - in Russia until the end of 1917 - estate, the lowest rank of personally free, taxable urban population. According to the Charter of Charter, the cities of 1785 included small traders and artisans - the main payers of taxes and taxes.
Modernization- change, reconstruction of socio-economic, political, cultural, religious, moral and other foundations of society through various innovations and improvements. In a narrower sense, modernization means industrial revolutionand industrialization, the formation of a national market and a unified economic system.
Captive filing- the main tax levied on the male population (each "soul") taxing estates, regardless of age. Replaced with myself household taxation (when the tax was collected from the peasant or posad household).
Possessional peasants– state peasantspurchased by the owners of the factories to work for them.
Registered peasants– palaceor state peasantswhich instead of paying taxes were supposed to work at state or private factories, were "attached" to them.
Enlighteners - the general name of the outstanding thinkers of the 17th-18th centuries. (Voltaire, C. Montesquieu, D. Diderot, J.-J. Rousseau and others), who criticized the feudal order, defended the freedom of the individual, the equality of people in rights and before the law, the education of the people. The enlighteners believed that the main task of the monarch ("the wise man on the throne") is to take care of the welfare of the people, in accordance with the laws emanating from the ruler. In Russia, the ideas of the Enlightenment were defended by N.I. Novikov and A.N. Radishchev.
Education - the ideological course of the transition period from feudalism to capitalismassociated with the struggle of the emerging bourgeoisie and the masses against absolutismand feudalism... Causes of human disaster educators considered ignorance, religious fanaticism, opposed the feudal-absolutist regime, for political freedom and civil equality.
"Enlightened absolutism"- designation of state policy in Russia (under Catherine II) and a number of Western European countries (Austria, Prussia, Portugal, etc.). This policy was to use the bourgeois ideas of the era Enlightenment to preserve the feudal order and the serf system in the conditions of its decomposition that began. Catherine II sought to build a "legitimate" autocratic monarchyhaving strictly defined the rights and obligations estates... She portrayed her activities as a union of the sovereign and philosophers, contributing to the development of enlightenment and education. This policy was aimed at strengthening the dominance nobilityalthough some reform contributed to the development capitalism.
Protectorate - a form of dependence in which a weak country, while formally retaining its state structure and some independence in internal affairs, is actually subordinated to another, stronger power.
Regent - temporary ruler of the monarchical state (in case of childhood or illness of the monarch).
Recruits- soldiers doing military service for hire or duties... Recruitment of recruits for the Russian army was compulsory (from 1705 to 1874).
Craft workshops- associations of artisans of the same specialty, introduced by the decree of Peter I from 1722
Secularization– 1) the transfer of monastic and church property (land, peasants) to secular property; 2) liberation of public and individual consciousness from the influence of religion.
Senate (Governing Senate)- the highest state administrative institution that replaced the Boyar Duma under Peter I. Together with the monarch, the Senate developed new laws, monitored the country's finances and supervised the work of the state apparatus. From 1722 he was headed by the Prosecutor General ("the eye of the sovereign").
Synod (Holy Governing Synod)- spiritual collegium, who was in charge of church affairs, headed by the chief prosecutor (appointed from among the secular persons).
"Table of Ranks" - a document published by Peter I in 1722, dividing military, civil and court services. All positions (both military and civilian) were divided into 14 ranks. It was possible to occupy each next rank only by passing all the previous ones.
Secret Chancery- the body of political investigation in the era palace coups, was in charge of cases of state crimes.
Stacked commission- a commission convened by Catherine II to develop a new set of laws for the Russian Empire (Code). Consisted of government officials and elected representatives from different classes. After working for 1.5 years and not having time to make any decisions, the commission was "temporarily" disbanded, the reason for which was the Russian-Turkish war that began in 1768.
Favorite - a courtier, enjoying the special favor of the monarch, receiving from him various privilegeoften influencing domestic and foreign policy states.
Nobility - the name of the Russian nobility (in the Polish manner).
Extensive - aimed at quantitative increase, expansion, distribution (as opposed to intensive).
Assignments and questions for independent work
1. Explain the meaning of the term "absolutism".
2. Explain the meaning of the concept of "palace coup".
3. Explain the meaning of the term "college".
4. Explain the meaning of the concept of "mercantilism".
5. Explain the meaning of the term "modernization".
6. Explain the meaning of "protectionism".
7. Explain the meaning of the concept of "enlightened absolutism".
8. Explain the meaning of the term "secularization".
9. Explain the meaning of the "Table of Ranks" concept.
10. Explain the meaning of the concept "Stacked Commission".
11. Two transformations of Peter I, which contributed to the strengthening of the bureaucratization of management - ...
12. Two transformations of Peter I aimed at the Europeanization of the country - ...
A) convocation of the Zemsky Sobor
B) the creation of a regular army
C) the abolition of the patriarchate and the creation of the Synod
D) exemption of the nobility from compulsory service
13. Two government bodies under Peter I - ...
Assembly (from franz... assemblee - assembly)
- 1) meeting
- 2) The name of the highest body of state power in a number of countries, as well as the highest body of some international organizations
- 3) Meeting-balls with the participation of women in the houses of the Russian nobility, introduced and regulated (1718) by Peter I.
In November 1718, the Chief of Police of St. Petersburg, Anton Devier, announced Peter's will to establish assemblies. The "Decree on Assemblies" said: "Assemblies are a French word, which in Russian cannot be expressed in one word, but to say in detail: a free meeting or congress in which house is desired not only for fun, but also for business; because here you can see each other , and about any need to talk, also to hear what is being done where, with the same fun. "
Peter I himself drew up the rules of assemblies and the behavior of guests at them. An elected society was invited to the assembly: the highest nobles, officials, officers, ship craftsmen, wealthy merchants, scientists. They were supposed to be with their wives and daughters. The assemblies were schools of secular education, where young people were taught good manners, rules of behavior in society, and communication.
Great embassy - Russian diplomatic mission to Western Europe in 1697-1698.
The embassy had to fulfill several important tasks: to enlist the support of European countries in the struggle against the Ottoman Empire and the Crimean Khanate; thanks to the support of European rulers, get the northern coast of the Black Sea; to raise the prestige of Russia in Europe by reports of victory in the Azov campaigns; invite foreign specialists to the Russian service, order and purchase military materials and weapons.
However, its practical result was the creation of prerequisites for organizing an alliance against Sweden.
Guard of the nobility.The decisive force of the palace coups was the guard, a privileged part of the regular army created by Peter (these are the famous Semyonovsky and Preobrazhensky regiments, in the 30s two new ones were added to them, Izmailovsky and Konnogvardeisky). Her participation decided the outcome of the case: on whose side the Guard was, that group won. The guard was not only a privileged part of the Russian army, it was a representative of a whole class (noble), from among which it almost exclusively formed and whose interests it represented.
Generalissimo (lat. generalissimus - the most important) - the highest military rank in many countries, the highest rank, which stood outside the system of officer ranks in Russia.
Historically, this title was assigned to generals who commanded several, often allied, armies during the war, and in some cases to statesmen or persons from families of reigning dynasties as an honorary title.
In Russia, the first to receive this title on June 28, 1696 voivode A.S. Shein from Peter I for successful actions near Azov (however, FY Romodanovsky and II Buturlin were awarded the title of "generalissimo of amusing troops" back in 1694). Officially, the rank of Generalissimo in Russia was introduced by the Military Regulations of 1716.
Attorney General - One of the highest government positions in the Russian Empire, the head of the Governing Senate, overseeing the legality of the activities of government agencies. The post of Prosecutor General was established by Peter I on January 12, 1722. The first prosecutor general was P.I. Yaguzhinsky. The Attorney General was originally the head of the Senate Chancellery and was in charge of the Senate clerical work; at the same time he headed the prosecutor's office, which consisted of a three-stage system of control over the Senate and all administrative and judicial institutions, both central and local.
Civil font - the font introduced in Russia by Peter I in 1708 for printing secular publications as a result of the first reform of the Russian alphabet (changing the composition of the alphabet and simplifying the outline of the letters of the alphabet).
Grenadier (incorrect: grenadier) (fr. Grenadiers) - the elite units of European infantry (sometimes cavalry), originally intended for storming enemy fortifications, mainly in siege operations. The grenadiers were armed with hand grenades and firearms. Subsequently, the elite units of the heavy infantry began to be called grenadiers.
Province - the highest unit of administrative-territorial division in Russia (the Russian Kingdom, the Russian Empire, the Russian Republic, the RSFSR, the USSR) from 1708 to 1929, which took shape under Peter I in the process of organizing an absolutist state.
Personal nobility - nobility received for personal merits (including upon reaching grade 14 in the civil service), but not inherited. It was created by Peter I in order to weaken the isolation of the nobility and give access to it for people of the lower classes. Hereditary nobility - the nobility, passed on to the legal heirs.
District - an administrative-territorial unit in Russia within a province. It was introduced in 1719 during the regional reform of Peter I. The prototype of the Russian district was the Swedish gerad - a district that united up to 1000 households of the rural population. Each province in Russia was divided into 5 districts (under Peter I), which consisted of 1,500-2,000 households.
Dragoons(fr. dragon "dragoon", literally. "dragon") - the name of the cavalry, capable of acting on foot. In earlier times, the same name was understood as infantry mounted on horses.
Revision soul - unit of accounting for the male taxable population; a unit of taxation established by Peter I as a capitation tax, or a capitation tax, or capitation money.
Empire (from Lat. imperium, literally. power) - a type of state before the emergence of a national state. "An extensive state that has included in its composition the territories of other peoples and states." Many empires, in order to preserve their territorial integrity and unity, seek to level ethnic and religious groups within the state, which often leads to the dominance of only one ethnic group (titular nation).
The presence of a monarch - an emperor at the head of the state is not a mandatory sign of an empire, since the title "emperor" can be used arbitrarily, without any connection with the essence of the state.
Emperor (Latin imperator - sovereign) - the title of the monarch, head of state (empire). Since the time of the Roman emperor Augustus (27 BC - 14 AD) and his successors, the title of emperor acquired a monarchical character.
Emperors in Russia were from 1721 to 1917. The first official emperor was Peter I in 1721.
Chancery (from late lat. cancellarius - clerk) - 1) department of the institution; the department of the institution in charge of its official correspondence, preparation of current documentation; 2) some state institutions in Russia in the 18th - early 20th centuries. (Secret Office, etc.).
Collegiums - the central bodies of sectoral management in the Russian Empire, formed in the Petrine era to replace the system of orders that had lost its significance. Colleges existed until 1802, when ministries came to replace them.
Magistrate (lat. Magistratus - "Bosses") - the estate body of city government. In Russia from 1720-1721. The magistrates were called the estate bodies of city self-government, introduced by Peter I on the model of Western European; before the judicial reform of 1864, also the estate judiciary.
Chief Prosecutor:1) in 1722-1917, the official who supervised the activities of the Synod was appointed by the emperor from among secular persons; the post of chief prosecutor was equal to the rank of minister. 2) Head of Department of the Senate.
Captive filing, the main direct tax in Russia in the 18th and 19th centuries. Introduced by Peter I in 1724 to replace the household taxation. The per capita tax was imposed on the entire male population of the tax-paying estates (all categories of peasants, townspeople and merchants). The introduction of the poll tax was preceded by the population census. The size of the per capita tax was determined by the amount required to maintain the army.
Possessional peasants - serf peasants in Russia in the 18th - 1st half of the 19th centuries, assigned to possessional manufactories. Ownership peasants could not be sold separately from the enterprise (Ownership Law). The category of possessory peasants was introduced under Peter I in 1721 in connection with the need to provide workers for a growing large manufactory. The possessional peasants included peasants bought to the "factories", "eternally given" by decree on January 7, 1736, state artisans transferred to the owners of possessional manufactories.
Registered peasants, the feudal-dependent population of Russia in the 17th and mid-19th centuries, which was obliged, instead of paying quitrent and poll taxes, to work at state or private factories. At the end of the 17th century. and especially in the 18th century. To support large-scale industry and provide it with cheap and constant labor, the government widely practiced assigning state peasants to factories in the Urals and Siberia. Usually P. k. Were attached to manufactories for an indefinite period, that is, forever. Formally, they remained the property of the feudal state, but in practice the industrialists exploited and punished them as their serfs.
A recruit (from the French récruter - to recruit an army), a person accepted into military service on conscription or hiring. In the Russian army and navy (Armed Forces) from 1705 to 1874 - a person enlisted in the army for recruitment, which was subject to all taxable estates (peasants, burghers, etc.) and for whom it was communal and lifelong and they supplied from their communities a certain number of recruits (soldiers). The recruitment of serfs into the army freed them from serfdom. The nobility was freed from conscription.
Holy Governing Synod (Greek synodos - "gathering", "meeting", "council") - the supreme body of ecclesiastical and administrative power of the Russian Orthodox Church, replacing the patriarch.
Upon abolition Peter I patriarchal administration of the Church, with 1721 until August 1917 year the Holy Governing Synod established by him was the highest state body of ecclesiastical administrative power Russian Empirereplacing patriarch in terms of general church functions and external relations (nominally existed until February 1, 1918).
Table of Ranks ("Table of the ranks of all ranks of the military, civilian and courtiers") - the law on the procedure for public service in the Russian Empire (the ratio of ranks by seniority, the sequence of ranks).
All ranks of the "Table of Ranks" were divided into three types: military, state (civil) and courtiers, and were divided into fourteen classes. Approved on January 24 (February 4) 1722 by Emperor Peter I, existed with numerous changes until the 1917 revolution.
Tax- the system of monetary and in-kind state obligations of peasants and townspeople in the Russian state of the 15th - early 20th century. XVIII century. The main salary unit of the taxable population was called a plow. In addition to direct taxes, the peasants and townspeople performed other burdensome duties ("tribute to the sovereign", underwater, standing, yamskaya chase, etc.), which were often converted into money ("streltsy money", "half-money money" (for the ransom of prisoners) , "Yamskie money"). The term "tax" after the introduction of the poll tax in 1724 was replaced by the word "tax", but it was used as a conventional unit of taxation in the 18th - 19th centuries.
Fiscal-(Latin fiscalis - relating to the treasury, from fiscus - the state treasury), government officials in Russia in the first third of the 18th century. in the system of administrative, financial and judicial supervision over all institutions of the country. The fiscal position was created in 1711 in connection with the growth of bureaucracy and the need to combat abuses. At the head of them was the Ober-fiscal, who was appointed by the king and subordinate to him. From 1722, with the establishment of the position of the prosecutor general, the fiscal was subordinate to him, from 1723 - the fiscal general. With the development of the prosecutor's office, the fiscal position was gradually (mid-20s - early 30s of the 18th century) abolished. Fiscals have helped uncover a number of major thefts, although many of them were themselves involved in abuses. The word "Fiscal" has become synonymous with the word "informer".
- Collection...
- The name of the highest body of state power in a number of countries, as well as the highest body of some international organizations ...
- Meeting-balls with the participation of women in the houses of the Russian nobility, introduced and regulated (1718) by Peter I.
Epigraph
“The people are bad if they don’t remember, appreciate or love their history”
V.M. Vasnetsov
"To know history in the strict sense of the word means to know EVERYTHING."
S.I. Taneyev
“Only a person can dislike history, completely undeveloped mentally »N.G. Chernyshevsky
people and events
The Romanov dynasty
Arrange the rulers in chronology
(who it,
years of reign and life,
from whose family
their surnames and patronymics)
PETER I THE GREAT (1672-1725)
PETER I THE GREAT (1672-1725)
russian tsar from 1682 (ruled from 1689), the first Russian emperor (from 1721), the youngest son of Alexei Mikhailovich. He carried out reforms of public administration (the Senate, collegia, bodies of supreme state control and political investigation were created; the church was subordinate to the state; the country was divided into provinces, a new capital was built - St. Petersburg). He used the experience of Western European countries in the development of industry, trade, culture. He pursued a policy of mercantilism (the creation of manufactories, metallurgical, mining and other plants, shipyards, marinas, canals). He led the army in the Azov campaigns of 1695-1696, the Northern War of 1700-21, the Prut campaign of 1711, the Persian campaign of 1722-23, etc .; commanded troops in the capture of Noteburg (1702), in the battles at the village of Lesnaya (1708) and near Poltava (1709). Supervised the construction of the fleet and the creation of a regular army. He contributed to the consolidation of the economic and political position of the nobility. On the initiative of Peter I, many educational institutions, the Academy of Sciences were opened, the civil alphabet was adopted, etc. The reforms of Peter I were carried out by cruel means, by extreme exertion of material and human forces, oppression of the masses (poll tax, etc.), which entailed uprisings (Streletskoe 1698, Astrakhan 1705-06, Bulavinskoe 1707-09, etc.), which were ruthlessly suppressed by the government. As the creator of a powerful absolutist state, he achieved recognition for Russia by the Western countries. Europe's authority as a great power.
Peter I
history and literature
What is this event?
Battle schemes Grengam, Narva, Poltava, near Lesnaya, Gangut
Schemes of battles and battles
Arrange battles in chronological order.
a) Narva, Poltava, near Lesnaya, Gangut;
a) Narva,
b) construction of St. Petersburg, c) near Lesnaya,
d) Poltava,
e) Gangut;
NORTHERN UNION
anti-Swedish coalition of Russia, Denmark, Saxony and Poland.
Imprisoned in 1699. Disbanded at the beginning of the Great Northern War 1700-21. Defeated, Denmark withdrew from the war in 1700, Poland and Saxony in 1706. After the Battle of Poltava in 1709 it was renewed with the participation of Prussia (1713).
Foreign policy. International. relations. Ambassadorial Prikaz or Collegium of Foreign Affairs... in what relationship was
Russia,
Sweden,
Denmark,
Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth,
Turkey
Petrov's film "Peter I"
Military reform regular army
Unsent dispatches(Who? When? By whom? What could have sent each of these reports?)
“We have founded a good shipyard in Voronezh, we are building fine galleys. Azov will be taken "
Who is superfluous and why?
Peter I, Princess Sophia, Ivan V, Charles XII
Russia, Sweden, Denmark, England, Rzeczpospolita (Poland)
Narva, Poltava, near Lesnaya, Azov
Enemies or allies
Mazepa and Peter I,
Charles XII and the Turkish Sultan,
Peter I and August II,
Bulavin and Menshikov,
Peter I and Sophia,
Charles XII and the Danish queen
"Was or was not" (Find the correct answer, whether this event happened in Peter's time, if yes or no, then why and when it happened)
Northern War, Livonian War, Shooting Riots, Battle of Kulikovo, Neva Battle with the Swedes,
Peasant War led by K. A. Bulavin,
Great Embassy,
construction of a new capital,
reunification of Ukraine with Russia,
Peasant war led by S. Razin.
Historical dictationMost historically literate kumpanstvo
The words historical terms of the 17th - 18th centuries explain their meaning and affiliation
recruits, regular army,
poll tax, absolute monarchy, peasant peasants, mercantilism, colleges, "Table of Ranks", the emperor, household taxation.
WORD TO THE WINNERS OF Peter I
Option No. 1045212
When completing tasks with a short answer, write in the answer field the number that corresponds to the number of the correct answer, or a number, word, sequence of letters (words) or numbers. The answer should be written without spaces or any additional characters. The answers to tasks 1-19 are a sequence of numbers, a digit or a word (phrase). The names of Russian princes should be written in letters only.
If the variant is set by the teacher, you can enter or upload answers to the tasks with a detailed answer into the system. The teacher will see the results of the assignments with a short answer and will be able to rate the uploaded answers to the assignments with a detailed answer. The points given by the teacher will appear in your statistics.
Version for printing and copying in MS Word
Arrange historical events in chronological order. Write down the numbers that indicate historical events in the correct sequence.
1) Reforms of Princess Olga
2) Reforms of Elena Glinskaya
3) The collapse of the empire of Charlemagne
Answer:
Below is a number of terms and concepts. All of them, except two, relate to the reign of Nicholas II.
1) the State Duma; 2) the Decembrists; 3) cadets; 4) Octobrists; 5) the Council of Ministers of the Russian Empire;
6) rulers
Find and write down the serial numbers of terms, the appearance of which refers to another historical period.
Answer:
Indicate the term in question.
Meeting-balls in the houses of the nobility with the participation of women, introduced and regulated by Peter I.
Answer:
Establish a correspondence between the processes (phenomena, events) and the facts related to these processes (phenomena, events): for each position of the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column.
| AND | B | IN | D |
Answer:
Choose from the list three historical figures associated with the reign of Ivan III. Write down the numbers under which they are indicated in the answer.
1) khan Akhmat
2) Khan Tokhtamysh
3) Sergiy of Radonezh
4) Joseph Volotsky
5) Sophia Paleologue
6) Elena Glinskaya
Answer:
Fill in the blanks in these sentences using the list of missing items below: for each letter and blank sentence, select the item number you want.
A) "Rail War" - the code name of the operation of the Soviet partisans in August - September ______ in the occupied territory to help the advancing troops of the Red Army.
B) In the most critical periods of the defense of _________, the troops of General V.I. Chuikov not only withstood in continuous battles, but also took an active part in the defeat of the German troops at the final stage of the battle.
B) The appearance of guards units and formations in the Red Army is associated with the operation near the city of ____________.
Missing items:
3) Voronezh
4) Leningrad
6) Stalingrad
Write down the numbers in the answer, arranging them in the order corresponding to the letters:
| AND | B | IN |
Answer:
Establish a correspondence between the names of the commanders and their activities: for each position in the first column, select the corresponding position in the second column. Write down the selected numbers in the table under the corresponding letters.
| Warlord | ACTIVITIES | |
| A) A. A. Brusilov B) S.M.Budyonny B) A. N. Kuropatkin D) G.K. Zhukov | 1) commander of the First Cavalry Army during the Civil War 2) First Deputy Supreme Commander-in-Chief during the Great Patriotic War 3) the commander of the Russian troops in the Russian-Japanese war of 1904-1905. 4) commander of the Southwestern Front in 1916 during the First World War 5) Chief of the General Staff since 1942, commander of Soviet troops in the Far East in 1945. |
Write down the numbers in the answer, arranging them in the order corresponding to the letters:
| A | B | IN | D |
Answer:
Read the flashback passage and include the author's name.
“Until now I have hesitated to publish my notes about Rasputin. I did not want to touch upon the events that are fatally connected with the reign of the martyred Emperor Nicholas I.<...> To avoid heavy disappointments and mistakes in the future, it is necessary to know the mistakes of the past: to know the truth of yesterday. As a close witness of some of the events of this yesterday, I would like to tell about them everything that I saw and heard. For this, I decided to overcome in myself that painful feeling that rises in my soul when I come into close contact with the past, especially when I remember its terrible denouement in the basement of the Ipatiev House.<...> When Rasputin stood like a black shadow near the throne, all of Russia was indignant. The best representatives of the higher clergy raised their voices to defend the Church and the Motherland from the encroachments of this criminal rogue. The Tsar and Empress were begged to remove Rasputin from those closest to the Tsar's family.
It was all to no avail. His dark influence was strengthening more and more, and along with this, dissatisfaction in the country grew more and more, penetrating even the most remote corners of Russia, where ordinary people sensed with a true instinct that something was wrong at the heights of power.
And therefore, when Rasputin was killed, his death was greeted with general jubilation. "
Answer:
Fill in the blank cells of the table using the data provided in the list below. For each letter box, select the number of the item you want.
Missing items:
1) Prut campaign
2) St. Bartholomew's night
3) Alexey Mikhailovich
5) Caucasian War
8) Union of Lublin
9) Elizaveta Petrovna
Write down the numbers in the answer, arranging them in the order corresponding to the letters:
| AND | B | IN | D | D | E |
Answer:
Read an excerpt from the document.
“... We the boyars ... sentenced ... on the fact that ... that King Zhigimont granted, gave his son ... the prince's son to the Vladimir and Moscow and all the great states of the Russian kingdom.
And being the prince of the prince on the Russian state, the churches of God ... honor and decorate in everything according to the former custom and all Orthodox Christians to be in the Orthodox Christian faith of the Greek law as before, and the Roman faith and other different faiths of churches and prayer temples in the Moscow state do not put ...
Boyars, and devious, and noblemen, and clerks of the Duma and in the cities of governors and all ranks of life, as before, as was customary in the Moscow state under the former great sovereigns ... In Moscow, the court of being continues according to the former custom and according to the Code of Laws of the Russian state, but they will lust what to replenish for the strengthening of the courts, and to the sovereign, with the thought of the boyars and the whole earth, so that everything is righteous. "
Using the passage, select three correct judgments from the list below. Write down the numbers under which they are indicated in response.
1) this document was drawn up during the Time of Troubles
2) a fragment of the crucifixion record is presented
3) the document was drawn up by the boyar government of Vasily Shuisky
4) the prince mentioned in the passage - False Dmitry I
5) the condition for inviting the prince to the Russian throne was the prince's acceptance of Orthodoxy
6) according to the document, in the case of the accession of the prince, the boyars retain all their privileges
Answer:
Indicate the century to which the events indicated in the diagram belong. Write the answer in a word.
Answer:
Indicate the name of the city indicated on the diagram with the number "2".
Answer:
Indicate the commander who led the campaign, the direction of which is indicated on the diagram by the number "3".
Answer:
What judgments related to the historical situation indicated in the diagram are correct? Choose three judgments from the six suggested. Write down the numbers under which they are indicated in the table.
1) The actions of the troops, the direction of movement of which is indicated on the diagram by the number "1", was led by the prince - the founder of the dynasty of Moscow princes.
2) The number "4" on the diagram indicates the direction of movement of troops under the leadership of the Lithuanian prince Jagailo.
3) As a result of the battle indicated in the diagram, the Horde domination was finally eliminated in Russia.
4) In the battle indicated in the diagram, the troops of the Ryazan prince took part on the side of the Russian troops.
5) During the reign of the prince, who commanded the actions of the troops, indicated on the diagram by the number "1", the white-stone walls of the Moscow Kremlin were erected.
6) The diagram shows the river, by the name of which the Moscow prince was given the nickname, who led the actions of the Russian troops, indicated on the diagram by the number "1".
Answer:
Establish a correspondence between cultural monuments and their brief characteristics: for each position of the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column.
| MONUMENTS OF CULTURE | CHARACTERISTICS | |
| A) "Trinity" B) painting "Portrait of the floor hetman" B) "All-Russian annals" D) painting "Ringing - the bell tower of Ivan the Great" | 1) The work was written after 1725 and therefore is perceived as a generalized image of a person of the Peter the Great era. 2) The painting reflects many of the features of the architectural murals characteristic of Russian icons and frescoes of the 17th century. 5) The work was written in the Time of Troubles. 6) The work dates back to the end of the XX century. |
Write down the numbers in the answer, arranging them in the order corresponding to the letters:
| AND | B | IN | D |
Answer:
What judgments about this image are correct? Choose two judgments from the five suggested. Write down the numbers under which they are indicated in the table.
1) This issue of the Krokodil magazine was published in the second quarter of the XX century.
2) The cartoon is based on an episode from the poem "Dead Souls".
3) The writer, whose anniversary is dedicated to the cover of the magazine, was criticized by V.G.Belinsky for one of his works.
4) The caricature on the cover of the magazine is devoted to the foreign policy relations of the USSR.
5) The writer, whose anniversary is dedicated to the cover of the magazine, was a contemporary of Alexander Pushkin.
Answer:
List postage stamps for an event in the same century as the death of a writer whose anniversary is on the cover of the magazine. In the answer, write down the two numbers that designate this brand.
Answer:
What chronological period in the history of Russia is the document talking about? Indicate its framework. Under what name did this period go down in history?
Solutions for items with a detailed answer are not automatically checked.
On the next page, you will be asked to test them yourself.
Using the text of the document and knowledge of history, mark which reforms were carried out by Catherine II (indicate at least four reforms).
Read the passage from the historical source and briefly answer questions C1-C3. The answers assume the use of information from the source, as well as the application of historical knowledge at the rate of history of the corresponding period.
From the work of the modern historian E.V. Anisimov.
“The fate of Catherine has proved that human will, desire can become no less real and powerful factor in history” than dozens of multi-gun ships and thousands of soldiers. Empress Catherine has created fame for herself, which has become her powerful weapon, like that warship, which was called "The Glory of Catherine" ...
The French diplomat Corberon wrote in his report that the fame that the empress has created for herself, her decisive character, her abilities and luck replace her with skillful statesmen and experienced generals.
The Empress went down in the history of Russia as an outstanding statesman, and the era of her reign became the time of grandiose reforms and the publication of the most important legislative acts ...
It had real goals to strengthen the autocracy, to carry out the necessary military, administrative and estate reforms. She carried them out in a unified manner, with one general idea - to maximize the development and improvement of that "regular" state, the foundations of which were laid by Peter the Great.
Read the passage from the historical source and briefly answer questions C1-C3. The answers assume the use of information from the source, as well as the application of historical knowledge at the rate of history of the corresponding period.
From the work of the modern historian E.V. Anisimov.
“The fate of Catherine has proved that human will, desire can become no less real and powerful factor in history” than dozens of multi-gun ships and thousands of soldiers. Empress Catherine has created fame for herself, which has become her powerful weapon, like that warship, which was called "The Glory of Catherine" ...
The French diplomat Corberon wrote in his report that the fame that the empress has created for herself, her decisive character, her abilities and luck replace her with skillful statesmen and experienced generals.
The Empress went down in the history of Russia as an outstanding statesman, and the era of her reign became the time of grandiose reforms and the publication of the most important legislative acts ...
It had real goals to strengthen the autocracy, to carry out the necessary military, administrative and estate reforms. She carried them out in a unified manner, with one general idea - to maximize the development and improvement of that "regular" state, the foundations of which were laid by Peter the Great.
Catherine's legislative acts survived her for a long time and, together with the basic laws of Peter the Great, became the main Russian statehood for many decades. Actually, it was probably the ambitious queen-legislator who dreamed about such a conclusion of the historian ”.
The solutions for the extended answer tasks are not automatically checked; on the next page, you will be asked to check them yourself. The next page will ask you to test them yourself.
You need to write a historical essay about ONE of the periods of Russian history:
1) 862-988;
2) 1855-1881;
3) 1991-2000.
The essay must:
Indicate at least two events (phenomena, processes) related to this period of history;
Name two historical personalities whose activities are associated with the specified events (phenomena, processes), and, using knowledge of historical facts, characterize the role of these personalities in the events (phenomena, processes) of this period of Russian history;
Indicate at least two causal relationships that existed between events (phenomena, processes) within a given period of history.
Answer: Apostle.
Question No. 22. Why did Patriarch Nikon begin to reform the Church, relying on Greek rites and books?
Answer: it became impossible to correct the worship according to the ancient Russian models due to serious discrepancies.
Question number 23. Is the birth of the Russian theater related to the reign?
Answer: Alexei Mikhailovich.
Question number 24. In the history of the Moscow state, this was the first departure of the monarch outside the country. What is the name of the monarch?
Answer: Peter I.
Question No. 25. Assembly is it?
Answer: the meeting is balls with the participation of women in the houses of the Russian nobility, introduced and regulated by Peter I.
Question number 26. “Is this an honest mirror of youth?
Answer: A book about good manners, compiled for young people during the reign of Peter I.
Question number 27. Since 1702, the first printed newspaper under the name?
Answer: Vedomosti.
Question number 28. In Russia, the countdown of the years from the Nativity of Christ, and not from the Creation of the world, was introduced?
Answer: Peter I.
Question number 29. What was the name of the first museum in the history of Russia?
Answer: Kunstkamera.
Question number 30. Representatives of this ideological trend fought for the establishment of the kingdom of reason, which is based on natural equality. The dissemination of knowledge was to play an important role in the creation of a new social order. Who are we talking about?
Answer: about educators.
Question number 31. Even in the houses of ordinary townspeople in the XVIII century. They began to decorate the walls with tapestries, i.e.?
Answer: wallpaper.
Question number 32. In what works of A.S. Pushkin depicts Peter I?
Answer: The Bronze Horseman.
Answer: M. Lomonosov.
Question number 34. The first street carnival with a masquerade took place in 1721. Where did it happen?
Answer: in Yaroslavl.
Question No. 35. This man made and presented to Catherine II an amazing watch: it had the shape of a goose egg, opened every hour, presenting the temple of the Resurrection of Christ to the eyes, and at 12 o'clock they played music composed by a talented inventor. Who is it?
Answer: I.P. Kulibin.
Question number 36. This architect created the Winter Palace, the Catherine Palace in Tsarskoye Selo, the Smolny Monastery ensemble in St. Petersburg, the Grand Palace in Peterhof. The name of the architect?
Answer: F.B. Rastrelli.
Question No. 37. Was the first public library in Russia opened?
Answer: in St. Petersburg.
Question number 38. Where was the first Russian conservatory opened?
Answer: in Moscow.
Question number 39. Who was the director of the first Russian conservatory opened in 1859?
Answer: A.G. Rubinstein.
Question No. 40. Since what year did free primary education become compulsory in Russia?
Answer: since 1918
Question number 41. When and by whom for the first time in Russia was the law on the involvement of students and military personnel in agricultural work adopted?
Answer: the Bolsheviks in 1918
