Skalozub has been serving in the army since 1809 (in his own words), but he does not even mention the Patriotic War of 1812, except for his words about the fire of Moscow, which, in his judgment, "contributed a lot to her decoration." He "distinguished himself" in the thirteenth year, and on the 3rd of August, when he "sat down in a trench", he received the order. Professor Nechkina, in his book about Griboyedov and the Decembrists, says that at that time there were no hostilities, so Skalozub received his orders and awards not for military exploits, but thanks to the ability to use various "channels". Skalozub has the rank of colonel (“You have been colonels for a long time, but serve recently,” Famusov notes with approval) and aspires to become a general.
Skalozub
Yes, to get ranks, there are many channels;
As a true philosopher, I judge about them:
I would only get an axle for generals, -
he himself confesses, and it is clear that he does not neglect any of these
"Channels". He, by his own admission, is lucky in the service:
I'm pretty happy in my comrades
Vacancies are just open:
Then the elders will turn off others,
Others, you see, are killed.
In his naivety and stupidity, he does not even understand what immoral things he says: after all, he sees his happiness in the fact that his comrades were killed, since this gives him the opportunity to advance in the service. In his striving for ranks, Skalozub is similar to Famusov.
He is unanimous with Famusov in his views on education. At Famusov's ball, he announces:
I will please you: everyone's rumor,
That there is a project about lyceums, schools, gymnasiums;
They will only teach in our way: one, two;
And the books will be kept like this: for big occasions.
When Repetilov calls him to go to a meeting of the smartest, in his opinion, people, Skalozub replies:
Deliver. You won't faze me with scholarship,
Click others, and if you want,
I am Prince Gregory and you
Feldwebel to Ladies Voltaire,
He will build you in three lines,
And make a sound, it will calm you down in an instant.
Skalozub above all puts the drill, command, frunt, barracks, shagistika, ranks, shows the exact knowledge of the differences between all regiments by edging, epaulettes, buttonholes on uniforms (in a conversation with Khlestova), revives and becomes talkative when it comes up once talk about it. He is not interested in anything else and cannot be connected about anything.
talk, with the exception of secular gossip, which he willingly retells, adding "a hundred embellishments." So, with sincere pleasure he tells gossip about the princess. Skalozub pours in military terms: distance, rank, sergeant major, etc., And here the comic is achieved by the fact that Skalozub speaks in just such a language about things that have nothing to do with military life. When Famusov asks him how he gets on with Nastasya Nikolaevna, Skalozub replies:
I don’t know, I’m to blame
She and I did not serve together.
When it comes to Moscow and Muscovites and Famusov utters a laudatory speech, and Chatsky - an accusatory speech, Skalozub has only three words in praise for Moscow: "The distances are huge." He strives to be polite with Famusov, but in front of people with whom he does not stand on ceremony, he says ponderously and rudely: "Look how he cracked - chest or side?" If Skalozub is similar to Famusov in his views on service, ranks, enlightenment, then mentally he is much lower than Famusov, who is not stupid, and eloquent, and observant. Sophia says about Skalozub: “He hasn’t uttered a clever word before,” and Liza agrees with her, only she expresses it in her own way: “it hurts not to be cunning”. In conclusion, let us recall the reviews about Skalozub of two ideological enemies, representatives of opposite camps - Famusov and Chatsky.
Famous person, respectable,
And he picked up the darkness of distinctions;
Beyond his years, and an enviable rank,
General not today or tomorrow, -
so respectfully evaluates Skalozub Famusov. Chatsky gives him a short grammar description:
Wheeze, stranglehold, bassoon,
A constellation of maneuvers and mazurkas!
"And the golden bag, and marks the generals" - in these apt words
Liza is all Skalozub.
It is such people - narcissistic, stupid, ignorant, not reasoning, admirers, shagistik, barracks education, cane drill, enemies of free thought - who succeeded in the army during the time of Arakcheev. Real people, educated and thinking, resigned in protest against the Arakcheevism, as did Skalozub's cousin, a participant in the Patriotic War of 1812.
Next to Famusov in the comedy is Skalozub - "And the golden bag and marks the generals." Colonel Skalozub is a typical representative of the Arakcheev army environment. There is nothing caricature in his appearance: historically, he is quite true. Like Famusov, Colonel Skalozub is guided in his life by the "philosophy" and the ideal of the "past century", only in an even more coarse and frank form. He sees the goal of his service not in protecting the fatherland from the encroachment of the enemy, but in achieving wealth and nobility, which, in his opinion, are more accessible to the military. Chatsky characterizes it as follows:
Wheezing, strangled, bassoon, Constellation of maneuvers and mazurkas!
According to Sophia, Skalozub only says that "about the fry and the ranks." The source of Skalozub's "military wisdom" is the Prussian-Pavlovsk school in the Russian army, so hated by the free-thinking officers of that time, brought up on the precepts of Suvorov and Kutuzov. In one of the early versions of the comedy, in a conversation with Repetilov, Skalozub directly states:
I am the Fr'idrich school, the grenadiers are on the team, the Feldwebel are my Voltaires.
Skalozub began to make his career from the moment when the heroes of 1812 began to be replaced by stupid and slavishly devoted to the autocracy martyrs led by Arakcheev. Then "at every step there were puffers not only in the army, but also in the guards, for whom it was not clear that it was possible to straighten a good soldier out of a Russian without breaking several carts of sticks on his back," notes the Decembrist Yakushkin. It was people like Skalozub who, less than a year after the end of Woe from Wit, shot the Decembrists from cannons on Senate Square in St. Petersburg. His image was of great political importance for exposing the military-serf reaction of that time.
Characteristically, Griboyedov contrasts Skalozub with his cousin, a representative of a different milieu in the Russian army, that freedom-loving part of the officers from which many military Decembrists came out. After the end of the war of 1812-1814. Skalozub's cousin, having resigned, went to the village to “read books”. Decembrist P. Kakhovsky testifies to the veracity of this image. “Our young people, with all their meager means, are engaged in more than anywhere else,” he writes. seventeen-year-old young people, about whom we can safely say that they have read old books ”. The resignation of many advanced officers who distinguished themselves in the wars of 1812-1814 was also associated with the strengthening of the Arakcheev regime in the army - the persecution of any free thinking, the imposition of stupid military drill and servile submission. This is precisely what the Decembrist V. Raevsky explains his resignation in 1817: “The influence of Arakcheev has already become tangible. The service became difficult and insulting. What was required was not noble service, but servile subordination. Many officers have retired. " This was one of the forms of protest against reaction. And it's not for nothing that the Famusovs looked very askance at the young noblemen who were not serving
As Skalozub
Colonel Sergei Sergeevich Skalozub- one of the characters in the comedy "Woe from Wit" by A. Griboyedov.
It should be noted that he entered the service only in 1809, but at the same time he is not satisfied that he was "led behind the regiment for two years"; moreover, he is already aiming for generals: I have been serving since eight hundred and ninth; // Yes, to get ranks, there are many channels; // As a true philosopher, I judge about them: // I just got to be a general... It is important that he received his order not for military merits - on that day, August 3 (15), there were no hostilities, the parties sat down at the negotiating table. In honor of this event, medals were handed out to many soldiers. Phrase He was given with a bow, around my neck gives grounds to assume that Skalozub's brother received the Order of St. Vladimir IV of the Wall "with a bow", and he himself, probably, the Order of St. Vladimir of the 3rd degree or the Order of St. Anna of the 2nd degree "on the neck".
He is boastful, promotes in service at the expense of his comrades: I'm pretty happy in my comrades, // Vacancies are just open; // Then the elders will turn off others, // Others, you look, are killed... Skalozub is straightforward in a military manner, which, however, does not harm him in society. So, for example, when in the third act Princess Tugoukhovskaya complains to him that her nephew Fyodor, who studied at the Pedagogical Institute, ranks doesn't want to know, the colonel with frank joy informs his interlocutors: I will please you: general rumor, // That there is a project about lyceums, schools, gymnasiums; // They will only teach in ours: one, two; // And the books will be saved like this: for big occasions... Famusov is even more intolerant of free-thinking: Sergei Sergeich, no! If evil were to be stopped: // Take all the books and burn them .
Plot
For the first time, Skalozub is mentioned already in the first act, where the servant Liza hints Sophia at him as a profitable party: For example, Colonel Skalozub: // And the golden bag, and marks the general... In this respect, in the eyes of Famusov, he compares favorably with Molchalin and Chatsky. And in the second act, Famusov very frankly hints at his marriage, after Skalozub gets the general ( And gloriously judge, God grant you health // And the rank of general; and there // Why postpone further // Talk about the general?), to which he straightforwardly answers with consent ( Marry? I'm not at all averse) .
In contrast to Famusov, his sister-in-law Khlestova treats Skalozub very coldly and says Sophia about him: Wow! I got rid of the loop quite a bit; // After all, your half-witted father: // He was given three fathoms a daring man, - // Introduces, without asking, is it pleasant for us, isn't it?
But Chatsky is also partly jealous of Sophia for Skalozub; so in Act III, after talking about Molchalin, he asks her: But Skalozub? here is a feast for the eyes; // For the army stands a mountain, // And the straightness of the camp, // In the face and voice of the hero ..., to which she answers him: Not my romance Then the conversation is interrupted, and Chatsky remains "With its own riddle".
In Act IV, Skalozub accidentally meets his friend Repetilov. He calls him on another carouse to Prince Gregory: And please come with me, now without excuses: // Prince Gregory now has darkness for the people, // You will see, there are forty of us, // Fu! how much mind is there, brother! // They talk all night long, they won't get bored, // First, they will give them champagne for slaughter, // And secondly, they will teach such things, // Which, of course, we cannot invent with you., to which he replies with a sharp refusal: Deliver. You won't faze me with scholarship, // Click others, but if you want, // I am Prince-Gregory and you // Feldwebel in Volters will give you, // He will build you in three ranks, // And make a peep, so it will instantly calm... He clearly condemns such a riotous lifestyle, preferring a military order. Skalozub uses flattery, servility, voluptuousness to achieve the highest ranks. Believes it is important to be in the right place at the right time.
The image of Skalozub in literature
No less remarkable is the fourth type: the stupid front-line soldier Skalozub, who understood service solely in the ability to distinguish uniform differences, but with all that he retained some of his own special philosophical liberal view of ranks, frankly admitting that he considers them as necessary channels to ensure that get into the generals, and there he at least the grass will not grow; all other worries he does not care, and the circumstances of the time and the century are not puzzling science for him: he is sincerely convinced that the whole world can be calmed by giving him a sergeant major in Voltaire.
Napoleon married his soldiers in the same way that our landowners marry courtyard people - not really caring about love and inclinations. He wanted by marriages to bring the gunpowder nobility closer to the old nobility; he wanted to fool his Skalozubov with his wives. Accustomed to blind obedience, they married unquestioningly, but soon abandoned their wives, finding them too prim for barracks and bivouac parties.
Herzen in Past and Thoughts wrote that the English club is least of all English. In it, the Sobachevichs shout against liberation and the nozdrevs shout for the natural and inalienable rights of the nobles ...
Performers of the role
- Bogolyubov, Nikolay Ivanovich
- Varlamov, Konstantin Alexandrovich - Alexandrinsky Theater, 1885
- S. A. Golovin - Maly Theater, 1915
- Grigoriev, Pyotr Ivanovich (very first performer) - Alexandrinsky Theater, January 26, 1831
- Kiselevsky, Ivan Platonovich - Korsh Theater, 1886
- Ershov, Vladimir Lvovich - Moscow Art Theater, 1925
- Leonidov, Leonid Mironovich - Moscow Art Theater, 1906
- Malyutin, Yakov Osipovich - Alexandrinsky Theater, 1921
- Michurin, Gennady Mikhailovich - Alexandrinsky Theater, 1947
- Nemchinov, Ivan Ivanovich - Maly Theater
- Rybakov, Konstantin Nikolaevich - Maly Theater, 1887
- Sagal, Daniil Lvovich - Meyerhold Theater (GosTIM), 1928
- Chekaevsky. Alexander - Alexandrinsky Theater, 1941
Notes (edit)
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Synonyms:See what "Skalozub" is in other dictionaries:
Skalozub ... Spelling dictionary-reference
Soldier, scoffing, merry fellow, joker, mocker Dictionary of Russian synonyms. Skalozub see soldaphone Dictionary of synonyms of the Russian language. Practical guide. M .: Russian language. Z. E. Alexandrova ... Synonym dictionary
The character of the comedy "Woe from Wit" (1824) by A. S. Griboyedov (1795 1829). Colonel Skalozub is an ignorant careerist soldier who dreams of imposing barracks' customs in the entire social life of Russia. The Russian analogue of the famous French expression (see ... Dictionary of winged words and expressions
ROCK-TOOTH, rock-toothed, husband. (colloquial obsolete). The same that scoffed. Ushakov's explanatory dictionary. D.N. Ushakov. 1935 1940 ... Ushakov's Explanatory Dictionary
The central character of the comedy by A.S. Griboyedov "Woe from Wit" (1824). If we look for classic plays in the characters, and through them ancient prototypes, then S. corresponds to "a boastful warrior", a popular mask of Roman comedies, embodied in ... ... Literary heroes
Rocktooth- Ivan Skalozub, chorister of the Vilna metropolitan. XV century Arch. Sat. VI, 9. Skalozub, Zaporozhye hetman. OK. 1580. K. L. 4. Maksimko Skalozub, Don Cossack. 1683. Supplement. X, 435 ... Biographical Dictionary
