FEAR. CONFUSION. LOSS. The crusaders unexpectedly plundered the richest city in the world - Constantinople (present-day Istanbul). There were legends about his innumerable riches - we see this and caused such a sudden and destructive attack. The most powerful [...]
Eugene Delacroix belongs to the stream of French romantics. Adherence to this direction is reflected in the painting "Moroccan Saddling a Horse". The artist conveys the smallest details of the scene with amazing precision. We see folds on the clothes of the Moroccan, each [...]
The film is based on an episode from the tragedy of William Shakespeare "Hamlet". Eugene Delacroix was always interested in the secrets of the soul. Portraying Ophelia in a state of semi-delirium, he tries to comprehend the human essence. Like many romantics, Delacroix [...]
Eugene Delacroix is \u200b\u200ba French painter and graphic artist. It was he who is considered the founder of the romantic movement in European painting. His coloristic research had a significant impact on the formation of impressionism. Eugene Delacroix studied art from the old [...]
Delacroix painted his painting "Lion Hunt in Morocco" in 1854 based on the memories of a trip to East Africa twenty years ago. The style of painting, the emotional tension of the scene of preparation for the battle with the beast [...]
Eugene Delacroix is \u200b\u200brightfully considered the founder of French romanticism. Most of his works are intense epic plots, performed in rich contrasting colors, not yet characteristic of neoclassicism that still dominated in France at the beginning of the 19th century. […]
Before us is a fragment of the once whole picture depicting George Sand and Frederic Chopin. Delacroix met the French writer at the end of 1833, and the result of this meeting was a long-term friendship, not without a touch of mutual [...]
A great musician who knew how to perfectly handle his instrument. They even said that he was connected with the devil, because no one knew how to play the violin as he did. It was the case that [...]
"Freedom leading the people" or "Freedom on the barricades"
One of the greatest French painters and graphic artists, the founder of the romantic direction in painting.
Self-portrait
Artist Ferdinand Victor Eugene Delacroix (Ferdinand Victor Eugene Delacroix) was born in April 1798, in the suburbs of Paris. His father, Charles Delacroix, was a prominent public figure and ex-foreign minister. However, there were persistent rumors that the all-powerful Charles Talleyrand was the artist's real father. Or even Napoleon himself.
However, little Eugene was not interested in all these rumors - he grew up as a real street tomboy, who experienced all the joys of childhood. Subsequently, Eugene Delacroix was assigned to the prestigious Lyceum of Louis the Great, where Delacroix Eugene showed great aptitude for literature and painting. However, it was said that the first and real teacher who instilled in the boy a love of painting was his mother's brother, who took his nephew to study in Normandy.
Very early on, the young Eugene Delacroix had to think seriously about his future: in 1805, the father of the future artist died, and nine years later, Eugene's mother also died. After the death of his mother, Delacroix Eugene was sent to the house of his older sister, and a year later he was introduced to himself.
Eugene entered the studio of the famous artist Pierre Narsis Guerin, and a year later became a student of the School of Fine Arts, where Guerin taught. The school professed classicism and Delacroix painted a huge number of plaster heads and nude models. At school, the young painter met Théodore Gericault, who took the young friend to the Louvre, where at that time there were a huge number of canvases that Napoleon captured in Europe.
Delacroix was simply fascinated by Rubens and Titian, Veronese and other famous masters. English watercolors, the works of Byron and Shakespeare became a real discovery.
In 1818, the first painting by Eugene Delacroix, Dante's Boat, was exhibited at the Salon. Alas, this picture did not make much of an impression on the public. And only two years later, the artist became truly famous. His painting "Massacre in Chios" simply amazed the audience. Delacroix Eugene was even accused of being overly natural. And Baudelaire defined this painting as "an eerie hymn to fate and suffering."
And young Eugene seemed to deliberately tease his detractors and disgruntled critics - his next picture "The Death of Sardanapalus" again told about human cruelty. And she spoke extremely frankly.
And soon, in 1830, Paris rebelled against the Bourbon dynasty, and already in 1831 in the Salon appeared the painting Liberty Leading the People (better known as Liberty on the Barricades). This picture was very well received by the revolutionary public.
However, Delacroix was already tired of teasing the audience and he started looking for a new style. To this end, as part of a diplomatic mission, he went to Morocco. Eugene could not even imagine that this trip would become fateful for his future work. It turned out that there is no invented colorful oriental fairy tale in the world, but there is a patriarchal world, immersed in its great sorrows and worries. Just a lost ancient world that stopped in its development many centuries ago. The artist paints hundreds of sketches to preserve the first impression of meeting the East.
The artist returned to his homeland, where the audience greeted him very favorably - a large number of orders followed, including orders for decoration and painting of royal palaces and museums. It took twelve years only to create the frescoes for the Church of Saint-Sulpice.
Over the years, the artist's productivity declined, a serious throat disease was discovered, which either subsided or worsened. The artist began to appear at receptions and salons. Contemporaries noted the sharp mind and unchanging elegance of the artist's manner. He received awards, painted his paintings and frescoes, bathed in the rays of glory and somehow did not notice that he was "out of fashion."
In August 1863, the artist died in his Parisian home.
Paintings of the artist Delacroix Eugene (Eugene Delacroix)
Dante's rook
Chios massacre
Death of Sardanapalus
The entry of the crusaders into Constantinople
The assassination of the Archbishop of Liege
Jewish wedding
Nude woman reclining on the sofa
Lion hunt
Arabian horse fighting
Algerian women
The fight between Giaur and Pasha
Sultan of Morocco and his retinue
french painter and graphic artist, leader of the romantic trend in European painting
Eugene Delacroix
short biography
Ferdinand Victor Eugene Delacroix (fr. Ferdinand Victor Eugène Delacroix; 1798-1863) - French painter and graphic artist, leader of the romantic trend in European painting.
Childhood and adolescence
Eugene Delacroix was born in the suburbs of Paris on April 26, 1798. Officially, Charles Delacroix, a politician and former foreign minister, was considered his father, but there were persistent rumors that in reality Eugene was the illegitimate son of the all-powerful Charles Talleyrand, Napoleonic foreign minister, and later the head of the French delegation to the historic Vienna Congress of 1814-1815. Sometimes paternity was attributed to Napoleon himself. Whatever it was, the boy grew up like a tomboy. The artist's childhood friend, Alexandre Dumas, recalled that "by the age of three, Eugene was already hanged, burned, drowned and poisoned." It is necessary to add to this phrase: Eugene almost "hanged himself", accidentally wrapping a sack around his neck, from which the horses were fed with oats; "Burned" when a mosquito net flashed over his crib; "Drowned" while swimming in Bordeaux; "Poisoned", swallowing copper paint.
The years of study at the Lyceum of Louis the Great turned out to be calmer, where the boy showed great abilities in literature and painting and even received prizes for drawing and knowledge of classical literature. Eugene could have inherited his artistic inclinations from his mother, Victoria, who came from a family of famous cabinetmakers; but his real passion for painting originated in him in Normandy - there he usually accompanied his uncle when he went to paint from nature.
Delacroix early had to think about his future fate. His parents died when he was very young: Charles in 1805 and Victoria in 1814. Eugene was then sent to his sister. But she soon found herself in a difficult financial situation. In 1815 the young man was left on his own; he had to decide how to live on. And he made a choice by entering the studio of the famous classicist Pierre Narsis Guerin (1774-1833). In 1816, Delacroix became a student of the School of Fine Arts, where Guerin taught. Academism reigned here, and Eugene tirelessly painted plaster casts and nude models. These lessons helped the artist master the drawing technique perfectly. But the Louvre and communication with the young painter Theodore Gericault became the real universities for Delacroix. In the Louvre, he was fascinated by the works of the old masters. At that time, many canvases could be seen there, captured during the Napoleonic Wars and not yet returned to their owners. Most of all, the aspiring artist was attracted by the great colorists - Rubens, Veronese and Titian. Bonington, in turn, introduced Delacroix to English watercolors and the works of Shakespeare and Byron. But Theodore Gericault had the greatest influence on Delacroix.
In 1818 Gericault worked on the painting "The Raft of Medusa", which laid the foundation for French romanticism. Delacroix, posing for his friend, witnessed the birth of a composition that breaks all the usual ideas about painting. Later, Delacroix recalled that when he saw the finished picture, he "in delight rushed to run like a madman, and could not stop until home."
Delacroix and painting
Delacroix's first painting was Dante's Rook (1822), which he exhibited at the Salon. However, she did not cause much noise (at least similar to the furore that was made by Gericault's "Raft"). Delacroix's real success came two years later, when, in 1824, he showed at the Salon his Massacre on Chios, which depicts the horrors of Greece's recent war of independence. Baudelaire called this painting "an eerie hymn to fate and suffering." Many critics have also accused Delacroix of being overly natural. Nevertheless, the main goal was achieved: the young artist made himself known.
Freedom leading the people, 1830, Louvre
The next work, exhibited at the Salon, was called The Death of Sardanapalus, as if he deliberately angered his detractors, almost savoring cruelty and not shying away from a certain sexuality. Delacroix borrowed the plot of the painting from Byron. "The movement is beautifully conveyed," wrote one of the critics of his other, similar work, "but this picture literally screams, threatens and blasphemes."
The artist dedicated the last large painting, which can be attributed to the first period of Delacroix's work, to the present.
In July 1830 Paris rebelled against the Bourbon monarchy. Delacroix sympathized with the rebels, and this was reflected in his "Liberty Leading the People" ( here this work is also known under the name "Freedom on the Barricades"Exhibited at the Salon of 1831, the canvas was highly appreciated by the public. The new government bought the painting, but at the same time immediately ordered to remove it, its pathos seemed too dangerous.
By this time, Delacroix seemed to have grown tired of the rebel role. The search for a new style became obvious. In 1832, the artist was included in the official diplomatic mission sent on a visit to Morocco. Going on this journey, Delacroix could not even imagine how much the trip would influence all his further work. The African world, which he saw in his fantasies as colorful, noisy and festive, appeared before his eyes as quiet, patriarchal, immersed in his domestic concerns, sorrows and joys. It was an ancient world lost in time, reminiscent of Greece. In Morocco, Delacroix made hundreds of sketches, and later the impressions received on this journey served him as an inexhaustible source of inspiration. The painting "Arabs Playing Chess" was painted 15 years after the trip and reflects certain stylistic elements of Persian and Indian miniatures.
Upon his return to France, his position was strengthened. Official orders followed. The first monumental work of this kind was the murals made in the Bourbon Palace (1833-1847). After that, Delacroix worked on the decoration of the Luxembourg Palace (1840-1847) and painting the ceilings in the Louvre (1850-1851). He devoted twelve years to the creation of frescoes for the Church of Saint-Sulpice (1849-1861).
At the end of life
The artist was very enthusiastic about working on the frescoes. "My heart," he wrote, "always begins to beat faster when I am left face to face with a huge wall waiting for the touch of my brush."Delacroix's productivity declined with age. In 1835, he was diagnosed with a serious throat disease, which, sometimes subsiding, then aggravating, eventually brought him to the grave. Delacroix did not shy away from public life, constantly attending various meetings, receptions and famous salons in Paris. His appearance was expected - the artist invariably shone with a sharp mind and was distinguished by the elegance of his costume and manners. At the same time, his private life remained hidden from prying eyes. For many years, the relationship with the Baroness Josephine de Forget continued, but their romance was not crowned with a wedding.
In the 1850s, his recognition became undeniable. In 1851, the artist was elected to the city council of Paris, in 1855 he was awarded the Order of the Legion of Honor. In the same year, Delacroix's personal exhibition was organized as part of the World Exhibition in Paris. The artist himself was upset a lot, seeing that the public knew him from his old works, and only they aroused her constant interest. Delacroix's last painting, exhibited at the Salon in 1859, and the frescoes for the Church of Saint-Sulpice, completed in 1861, went virtually unnoticed.
This cooling darkened the sunset of Delacroix, who quietly and imperceptibly died from a relapse of throat ailment in his Paris home on August 13, 1863 at the age of 65 and was buried in the Parisian cemetery of Pere Lachaise.
Chronology of life
- 1798 Born in Paris in the family of an official Charles Delacroix. Many consider him the illegitimate child of the famous politician Charles Talleyrand.
- 1805 Eugene's father dies.
- 1814 Eugene's mother dies.
- 1815 Decides to become an artist. He enters the studio of the famous classicist Pierre Narcisse Guerin.
- 1816 Enters the School of Fine Arts. Meets Theodore Gericault and Richard Bonington.
- 1818 Poses for Gericault for his painting "The Raft of the Medusa". He is greatly influenced by Gericault's painting.
- 1822 Exhibits the canvas Dante's Boat at the Salon.
- 1824 Delacroix's painting "The Massacre on Chios" becomes one of the Salon's sensations.
- 1830 July uprising in Paris. Writes his famous painting "Freedom Leading the People".
- 1832 Visits Morocco as part of an official diplomatic mission.
- 1833 Begins work on the first in a series of large murals commissioned by the government.
- 1835 Delacroix has a serious throat problem.
- 1851 The artist is elected to the city council of Paris.
- 1855 He was awarded the Order of the Legion of Honor. A personal exhibition is taking place within the framework of the World Exhibition in Paris.
- 1863 Completes many years of work on the frescoes for the Church of Saint-Sulpice.
- 1863 Dies on August 13 in his Parisian home.
Based on materials from: Art Gallery. Delacroix ", No. 25, 2005.
Memory
- The Louvre has a whole picture hall - a hall Delacroix.
- A crater on Mercury is named after Delacroix.
- British rock band Coldplay used Delacroix's artwork for album art Viva la Vida or Death and All His Friends and Prospekt "s March.
Ferdinand Victor Eugene Delacroix (fr. Ferdinand Victor Eugène Delacroix ; -) - French painter and graphic artist, the leader of the romantic trend in European painting.
Childhood and adolescence
Eugene Delacroix was born in the suburbs of Paris on April 26, 1798. Officially, Charles Delacroix, a politician and former foreign minister, was considered his father, but there were persistent rumors that in reality Eugene was the illegitimate son of the all-powerful Charles Talleyrand, Napoleonic foreign minister, and later the head of the French delegation to the historic Vienna Congress -1815. Sometimes paternity was attributed to Napoleon himself. Whatever it was, the boy grew up like a tomboy. The artist's childhood friend, Alexandre Dumas, recalled that "by the age of three, Eugene was already hanged, burned, drowned and poisoned." It is necessary to add to this phrase: Eugene almost "hanged himself", accidentally wrapping a sack around his neck, from which the horses were fed with oats; "Burned" when a mosquito net flashed over his crib; "Drowned" while swimming in Bordeaux; "Poisoned" by swallowing copper paint.
The years of study at the Lyceum of Louis the Great turned out to be calmer, where the boy showed great abilities in literature and painting and even received prizes for drawing and knowledge of classical literature. Eugene could have inherited his artistic inclinations from his mother, Victoria, who came from a family of famous cabinetmakers; but his real passion for painting originated in him in Normandy - there he usually accompanied his uncle when he went to paint from nature.
Delacroix early had to think about his future fate. His parents died when he was very young: Charles in 1805 and Victoria in 1814. Eugene was then sent to his sister. But she soon found herself in a difficult financial situation. In 1815 the young man was left on his own; he had to decide how to live on. And he made a choice by entering the studio of the famous classicist Pierre, Narsis Guerin (1774-1833). In 1816, Delacroix became a student of the School of Fine Arts, where Guerin taught. Academism reigned here, and Eugene tirelessly painted plaster casts and nude models. These lessons helped the artist master the drawing technique perfectly. But the Louvre and communication with the young painter Theodore Gericault became the real universities for Delacroix. In the Louvre, he was fascinated by the works of the old masters. At that time, many canvases could be seen there, captured during the Napoleonic Wars and not yet returned to their owners. Most of all, the aspiring artist was attracted by the great colorists - Rubens, Veronese and Titian. Bonington, in turn, introduced Delacroix to English watercolors and the works of Shakespeare and Byron. But Theodore Gericault had the greatest influence on Delacroix.
In 1818 Gericault worked on the painting "The Raft of Medusa", which laid the foundation for French romanticism. Delacroix, posing for his friend, witnessed the birth of a composition that breaks all the usual ideas about painting. Later, Delacroix recalled that when he saw the finished picture, he "in delight rushed to run like a madman, and could not stop until home."
Delacroix and painting
Delacroix's first painting was Dante's Boat (), which he exhibited at the Salon. However, she did not cause much noise (at least similar to the furore that was made by Gericault's "Raft"). Delacroix's real success came two years later, when in 1824 he showed at the Salon his "Massacre on Chios", describing the horrors of Greece's recent war of independence. Baudelaire called this painting "an eerie hymn to fate and suffering." Many critics have also accused Delacroix of being overly natural. Nevertheless, the main goal was achieved: the young artist made himself known.
The next work, exhibited at the Salon, was called The Death of Sardanapalus, as if he deliberately angered his detractors, almost savoring cruelty and not shying away from a certain sexuality. Delacroix borrowed the plot of the painting from Byron. "The movement is beautifully conveyed," wrote one of the critics of his other, similar work, "but this picture literally screams, threatens and blasphemes."
The artist dedicated the last large painting, which can be attributed to the first period of Delacroix's work, to the present.
Death of Sardanapalus
At the end of life
The artist was very enthusiastic about working on the frescoes. "My heart," he wrote, "always begins to beat faster when I am left face to face with a huge wall waiting for the touch of my brush." Delacroix's productivity declined with age. In 1835, he was diagnosed with a serious throat disease, which, now subsiding, then aggravating, eventually brought him to the grave. Delacroix did not shy away from public life, constantly attending various meetings, receptions and famous salons in Paris. His appearance was expected - the artist invariably shone with a sharp mind and was distinguished by the elegance of his costume and manners. At the same time, his private life remained hidden from prying eyes. For many years, the relationship with the Baroness Josephine de Forget continued, but their romance was not crowned with a wedding.
In the 1850s, his recognition became undeniable. In 1851, the artist was elected to the Paris City Council, in 1855 he was awarded the Order of the Legion of Honor. In the same year, Delacroix's personal exhibition was organized as part of the World Paris Exhibition. The artist himself was a lot upset, seeing that the public knew him from his old works, and only they aroused her constant interest. Delacroix's last painting, exhibited at the Salon of 1859, and the finished frescoes for the Church of Saint-Sulpice, went virtually unnoticed.
This cooling darkened the sunset of Delacroix, who quietly and imperceptibly died from a relapse of a throat disease in his Paris home on August 13, 1863 at the age of 65 and was buried in the Parisian cemetery of Pere Lachaise.
Chronology of life
1798 Born in Paris in the family of an official Charles Delacroix. Many consider him to be the illegitimate child of the famous politician Charles Talleyrand.
1805 Eugene's father dies.
1814 Eugene's mother dies.
1815 Decides to become an artist. He enters the studio of the famous classicist Pierre Narcisse Guerin.
1816 Enters the School of Fine Arts. Meets Theodore Gericault and Richard Bonington.
1818 Poses for Gericault for his painting "The Raft of the Medusa". He is greatly influenced by Gericault's painting.
1822 Exhibits the canvas Dante's Boat at the Salon.
1824 Delacroix's painting "The Massacre on Chios" becomes one of the Salon's sensations.
1830 July uprising in Paris. Writes his famous painting "Freedom Leading the People".
1832 Visits Morocco as part of an official diplomatic mission.
1833 Begins work on the first in a series of large murals commissioned by the government.
1835 Delacroix has a serious throat problem.
1851 The artist is elected to the city council of Paris.
1855 He was awarded the Order of the Legion of Honor. A personal exhibition is taking place within the framework of the World Exhibition in Paris.
1863 Completes many years of work on the frescoes for the Church of Saint-Sulpice.
Based on materials from: Art Gallery. Delacroix ", No. 25, 2005.
Memory
Additional facts
Notes
Literature
- Sitnik K.A.E. Delacroix. M.-L., 1947.
- Kozhina E. F. Eugene Delacroix. Album. M., 1961.
- Gastev A.A. Delacroix. - M. "Young Guard", 1966. - 224 p. - (ZhZL; Issue 427). - 115,000 copies
- Dyakov L.A.E.Delacroix. M., 1973.
- Based on materials from the book "Encyclopedia of Impressionism and Post-Impressionism" / Comp. T. G. Petrovets. - M .: OLMA-PRESS, 2000. −320 p .: ill.
- Used materials: "Art Gallery. Delacroix ", No. 25, 2005.
Links
- The life and work of Eugene Delacroix on the site Impressionist paintings
Categories:
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- Born on April 26
- Born in 1798
- Deceased August 13
- Dead in 1863
- Alphabet Artists
- Graduates of the Lyceum of Louis the Great
- French painters
- Romantic painters
- Animal painters
- Orientalist artists
- Paintings by Eugene Delacroix
- Buried at the Père Lachaise cemetery
- Illegitimate offspring of French aristocrats
Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.
Delacroix enriched his neoclassical teaching with a keen focus on the work of Rubens, Michelangelo, Veronese, the Venetian School, and later Constable, Bonington, and English scuba divers.
Delacroix's first great work was presented at the Salon in 1822 (The Bark of Dante, Louvre).
The work was bought by the government. And in the biography of Eugene Delacroix, to his surprise, he received the title of leader of the opposition movement in relation to the neoclassical school of David. By temperament, as well as by the selection of subjects, Delacroix was a romantic. He also opened up thanks to the dramatic transmission of mythological scenes, and in addition - literary, political, religious themes.
In 1824 Delacroix wrote Massacre at Chios (Louvre). The constraint of thematic significance as well as the colors of his work The Death of Sardanapalus (1827, Louvre) were heavily condemned by some critics. In 1825, in a biography of Delacroix, several months were spent in England. There he studied the work of local artists as well as horses. As a tribute to Byron, the Greek War of Independence, Delacroix created Greece Expiring on the Ruins of Missolonghi (1827, Bordeaux).
In 1832, Delacroix spent 4 months in Morocco. There he collected material that was enough for painting for the rest of his life. He has amassed seven thick notebooks with excellent watercolor sketches. His continuing fascination with the exotic was reflected in the works "Women of Algiers" (1834, Louvre), "The Jewish Wedding" (1839, Louvre). The painting "Entrance of the Crusaders into Constantinople" (1841, Louvre) is an irresistible epic, historical work.
Other main sources of ideas in the biography of Eugene Delacroix were the lives of literary heroes. In 1820, he created 17 whimsical, moving lithographs of Goethe's Faust. He often used Shakespearean characters (for example, in Hamlet and Horatio in the Graveyard, 1839, Louvre). Delacroix also drew inspiration from the raging scenes from the plays and poems of Byron ("Combat of the Giaour and the Pasha", 1827, Chicago). The great artist created several paintings on religious themes.
Self-portrait of Delacroix (1835 - 1837, Louvre) presents a refined, dynamic face. He portrayed many of his contemporaries, such as Paganini (1832, Washington). Also Delacroix painted Chopin (1838, Louvre). In the works "Tiger Attacking a Horse" (1825 - 1828, Louvre), "The Lion Hunt" (1861, Institute of Arts, Chicago), the artist showed animals in motion. During the last three decades of Delacroix's biography, he performed many public orders. High notes of genius and morality were shown by Delacroix while performing work at the Palais des Bourbons (1833 - 1847, Paris), the palace of Luxembourg (1841-1846). Most of all the works of Delacroix are presented in the Louvre.
